type: misc

label: url

en: Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry for Quantifying Plasma Lysophospholipids: Potential Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnosis

en: Cancer is a complex disease with many genetic and epigenetic aberrations that result in development of tumorigenic phenotypes. While many factors contribute to the etiology of cancer, emerging data implicate lysophospholipids acting through specific cell-surface, and potentially intracellular, receptors in acquiring the transformed phenotype propagated during disease. Lysophospholipids bind to and activate specific cell-surface G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that initiate cell growth, proliferation, and survival pathways, and show altered expression in cancer cells. In addition, a number of enzymes that increase lysophospholipid production are elevated in particular cell lineages and cancer patients' cells, whereas in a subset of patients, the enzymes degrading lysophospholipids are decreased. Thus, ideal conditions are established to increase lysophospholipids in the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, ascites from ovarian cancer patients, which reflects both the tumor environment and a tumor-conditioned media, exhibits markedly elevated levels of specific lysophospholipids as well as one of the enzymes involved in production of lysophospholipids: autotaxin (ATX). The potential sources of lysophospholipids in the tumor microenvironment include tumor cells and stroma, such as mesothelial cells, as well as inflammatory cells and platelets activated by the proinflammatory tumor environment. If lysophospholipids diffuse from the tumor microenvironment into the bloodstream and persist, they have the potential to serve as early diagnostic markers as well as potential monitors of tumor response to therapy. Many scientific and technical challenges need to be resolved to determine whether lysophospholipids or the enzymes producing lysophospholipids alone or in combination with other markers have the potential to contribute to early diagnosis. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women. Mammography is associated with morbidity and has a high false positive and false negative rate. Thus, there is a critical need for biomarkers that can contribute to reduced false positive and false negative diagnoses, and to identify, stage, and/or predict prognosis of this disease to improve patient management. Here we describe a technical approach that can be applied to human blood plasma to measure the concentration of growth factor-like lysophospholipids contained in circulation. Using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS), we quantified the amount of lysophosphatidic acid (16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 20:4), lysophosphatidylinositol (18:0), lysophosphatidylserine (18:1), lysophosphatidylcholine (16:0, 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 20:4), sphingosine-1-phosphate, and sphingosylphosphorylcholine species from human female plasma samples with malignant, benign, or no breast tumor present. Other methods described here include handling patient blood samples, lipid extraction, and factors that affect lysophospholipid production and loss during sample handling.

en: Methods in Enzymology

ja: Methods in Enzymology


en: Of spiders and crabs: The emergence of lysophospholipids and their metabolic pathways as targets for therapy in cancer

en: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), two small lysophospholipids, are potent inducers of many of the hallmarks of cancer including cell proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and neovascularization in in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Furthermore, the enzymes metabolizing LPA and S1P and their receptors are aberrant in multiple cancer lineages and exhibit transforming activity altering patterns and targets for metastasis. Several recent studies show the remarkable activity of new chemical genomics and/or potential novel drugs in preclinical models. Combined with the physiologic and pathophysiologic activities of LPA and S1P, these studies suggest the implementation of preclinical and clinical evaluation of LPA and S1P as therapeutic targets.

en: Clinical Cancer Research

ja: Clinical Cancer Research


en: Non-methylene interrupted polyenoic acid: Structural characterization and metabolism by fatty acid chain elongation system of rat liver

en: Essential Fatty acids and Eicosanoids, Invited papers from 4th International Congress


en: Characterization of PAF-like phospholipids formed by lipid peroxidation

en: Journal of Lipid Mediators and Cell Signalling


en: Formation of PAF-like compounds by peroxidation of phospholipids from bovine brain

en: This short review describes the identification by mass spectrometry of phospholipids having an sn-2-short-chain monocarboxylate, dicarboxylate or omega-hydroxycarboxylate group in a fraction with PAF-like activity from a bovine brain lipid extract. The similar molecular heterogeneities of these unique phospholipids suggest that they are formed via a common mechanism, possibly peroxidation of membrane phosphatidylcholines. This possibility is supported by the finding that these PAF-like compounds were actually formed during peroxidation of synthetic phosphatidylcholines induced by Fe2+/ascorbate/EDTA.

en: Journal of Lipid Mediators

ja: Journal of Lipid Mediators


en: 令和3年度 徳島大学高等教育研究センターアドミッション部門 報告書

ja: 令和3年度 徳島大学高等教育研究センターアドミッション部門 報告書

en: 令和3年度 徳島大学高等教育研究センターアドミッション部門 報告書

ja: 令和3年度 徳島大学高等教育研究センターアドミッション部門 報告書

misc_type: others


en: 創傷治癒性メディエーターを活性成分とする抗アスピリン潰瘍食の開発

ja: 創傷治癒性メディエーターを活性成分とする抗アスピリン潰瘍食の開発

en: 財団法人旗影会研究助成 報告書

ja: 財団法人旗影会研究助成 報告書


en: 黒大豆よりのリパーゼ阻害タンパク質に関する研究

ja: 黒大豆よりのリパーゼ阻害タンパク質に関する研究

en: 平成11，12年農林水産省農林水産業特別試験研究結果概要書

ja: 平成11，12年農林水産省農林水産業特別試験研究結果概要書