type: misc

label: url

en: 第2回 TXIを併用した大腸腫瘍性病変のスクリーニング(<シーン別Best Solution!> 「私の最新内視鏡『EVIS X1』活用術」 Season 2).

en: gastropedia 消化器に関わる医療関係者のために

ja: gastropedia 消化器に関わる医療関係者のために


en: Overview of Chemotherapy for Gastric Cancer.

en: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most clinically challenging cancers worldwide. Over the past few years, new molecular-targeted agents and immunotherapy have markedly improved GC prognosis. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression is a key biomarker in first-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced GC. Further, the addition of trastuzumab to cytotoxic chemotherapy has extended the overall survival of patients with HER2-positive advanced GC. In HER2-negative GC, the combination of nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, and a cytotoxic agent has been demonstrated to prolong the overall survival of GC patients. Ramucirumab and trifluridine/tipiracil, which are second- and third-line treatments for GC, and trastuzumab deruxtecan, an antibody-drug conjugate for HER2-positive GC, have been introduced in clinics. New promising molecular-targeted agents are also being developed, and combination therapy comprising immunotherapy and molecular-targeted agents is expected. As the number of available drugs increases, it is important to understand the target biomarkers and drug characteristics and select the optimal therapy for each patient. For resectable disease, differences in the extent of standard lymphadenectomy between Eastern and Western countries have led to different standard treatments: perioperative (neoadjuvant) and adjuvant therapy. This review aimed to summarize recent advances in chemotherapy for advanced GC.

en: Journal of Clinical Medicine

ja: Journal of Clinical Medicine


en: Cowden症候群(IV. 各論 消化管ポリポーシス).

ja: Cowden症候群(IV. 各論 消化管ポリポーシス).

en: Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine

ja: 日本臨牀


en: Treatment Response Predictors of Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

en: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) has been recognized as an effective therapeutic option because it is expected to improve the curative resection rate by reducing the tumor size and preventing recurrence of micrometastases. However, for patients resistant to NAC, not only will operation timing be delayed, but they will also suffer from side effects. Thus, it is crucial to develop a comprehensive strategy and select patients sensitive to NAC. However, the therapeutic effect of NAC is unpredictable due to tumor heterogeneity and a lack of predictive biomarkers for guiding the choice of optimal preoperative treatment in clinical practice. This article summarizes the related research progress on predictive biomarkers of NAC for gastric cancer. Among the many investigated biomarkers, metabolic enzymes for cytotoxic agents, nucleotide excision repair, and microsatellite instability, have shown promising results and should be assessed in prospective clinical trials. Noninvasive liquid biopsy detection, including miRNA and exosome detection, is also a promising strategy.

en: Biomedicines

ja: Biomedicines


en: 【小腸疾患-診断・治療の最新動向-】消化管ポリポーシス Cowden症候群

ja: 【小腸疾患-診断・治療の最新動向-】消化管ポリポーシス Cowden症候群


en: Recent Advances in Endoscopic Molecular Imaging of Gastrointestinal Cancer

ja: 総説 がんを標的とした内視鏡分子イメージングの新展開

en: OPTRONICS

ja: OPTRONICS


en: 【リンチ症候群と遺伝性消化管ポリポーシス】遺伝性消化管ポリポーシス Cowden症候群

en: <文献概要>Cowden症候群は,皮膚・粘膜,消化管,乳腺,甲状腺など全身臓器に過誤腫性病変が多発する常染色体優性遺伝性疾患である.顔面小丘疹,口腔粘膜乳頭腫などの特徴的な皮膚病変を呈し,食道から直腸にいたる全消化管にポリポーシスを高率に合併する.食道に多発する白色扁平隆起は本症の特徴的な所見である.また乳癌などの悪性腫瘍を合併する例も多く,適切なサーベイランスが重要である.診断は,皮膚病変,悪性腫瘍,家族歴などを契機に行われる.有病率は20∼25万人に1人と推定されているが,見逃されている症例も少なくない.原因遺伝子の一つとしてPTEN遺伝子が同定されており,約80

en: Clinical Gastroenterology

ja: 臨床消化器内科


en: Endoscopic molecular imaging:current status and future perspectives

ja: 内視鏡分子イメージングの現況と展望

en: Gastroenterological Endoscopy

ja: Gastroenterological Endoscopy


en: 大腸癌の疫学と基礎 大腸鋸歯状病変のメカニズム.

ja: 大腸癌の疫学と基礎 大腸鋸歯状病変のメカニズム.

en: 臨牀消化器内科

ja: 臨牀消化器内科


en: Principle and Clinical Usefulness of the Infrared Fluorescence Endoscopy

en: Since there is no infrared fluorescence materials in the living body, infrared fluorescence labeling materials are very useful for making a diagnosis of a micro cancer. We have developed an infrared fluorescence endoscope (IRFE) and indocyanin green (ICG)-derivative as infrared fluorescence labeling materials to evaluate gastrointestinal neoplastic lesions. The study aims were to apply an IRFE and to demonstrate its usefulness in detecting cancerous tissue using an antibody coupled with ICG-derivative. IRFE consisted of an infrared endoscope equipped with excitation (710-790 nm) and barrier (810-920 nm) filters and an intensified CCD camera. We have developed ICG N-hydroxy sulfo succinimide ester (ICG-sulfo-OSu) and 3-ICG-acyl-1, 3-thiazolidine-2-thione (ICG-ATT) as an infrared fluorescent-labeling reagent. ICG-derivative-labeled mouse anti-human carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) antibody and MUC1 antibody were employed in this study. Moreover, we examined the ability of a reinforcement agent, octylglucoside, to intensity fluorescence from the labeled antibody. Biopsy specimens of gastric cancer were stained with anti-CEA antibody by the avidin-biotinylated peroxidase complex method. Among the positive specimens, freshly resected stomach from three cases were used for the infrared (IR) imaging analysis. The incubation of freshly resected stomach specimens with ICG-anti-CEA antibody-complex resulted in positive staining of the tumor sites by IRFE, and the IR fluorescent images correlated well with the tumor sites. The immunohistochemical studies suggested that the intensity of IR fluorescence of ICG-ATT-MUC1 was stronger than that of ICG-sulfo-OSu. In tumor sections, the reinforcement agent intensified fluorescence, ever at low antibody concentrations. Therefore, we conclude that an anti-CEA (and/or MUC1) antibody with affinity for cancerous lesions and labeled with ICG-derivative can be imaged with this IRFE. Specific antibodies tagged with ICG-derivative with the reinforcement agent can label cancer cells and generate a strong enough fluorescent signal to detect small cancers when examined with an IR fluorescence endoscope.

en: The Journal of Medical Investigation : JMI


en: 赤外線蛍光内視鏡の原理と応用

ja: 赤外線蛍光内視鏡の原理と応用

en: Biomedical THERMOLOGY

ja: Biomedical THERMOLOGY