type: misc

label: url

en: circRNA: A New Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Esophageal Cancer

en: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) comprise a large class of endogenous non-coding RNA with covalently closed loops and have independent functions as linear transcripts transcribed from identical genes. circRNAs are generated by a "back-splicing" process regulated by regulatory elements in cis and associating proteins in trans. Many studies have shown that circRNAs play important roles in multiple processes, including splicing, transcription, chromatin modification, miRNA sponges, and protein decoys. circRNAs are highly stable because of their closed ring structure, which prevents them from degradation by exonucleases, and are more abundant in terminally differentiated cells, such as brains. Recently, it was demonstrated that numerous circRNAs are differentially expressed in cancer cells, and their dysfunction is involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the crucial functions of these circRNAs and the dysregulation of circRNAs in cancer are still unknown. In this review, we summarize the recent reports on the biogenesis and biology of circRNAs and then catalog the advances in using circRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer therapy, particularly esophageal cancer.

en: Biomedicines

ja: Biomedicines


en: プロバイオティクスによる新しい健康長寿戦略 脳腸相関を介した睡眠改善作用

ja: プロバイオティクスによる新しい健康長寿戦略 脳腸相関を介した睡眠改善作用

en: The Japanese Journal of Stress Science

ja: ストレス科学


en: RNA Binding Proteins and Genome Integrity.

en: Genome integrity can be threatened by various endogenous or exogenous events. To counteract these stressors, the DNA damage response network contributes to the prevention and/or repair of genomic DNA damage and serves an essential function in cellular survival. DNA binding proteins are involved in this network. Recently, several RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that are recruited to DNA damage sites have been shown to be direct players in the prevention or repair of DNA damage. In addition, non-coding RNAs, themselves, are involved in the RNA-mediated DNA repair system. Furthermore, RNA modification such as m6A methylation might also contribute to the ultraviolet-responsive DNA damage response. Accumulating evidence suggests that RNA metabolism is more deeply involved in diverse cellular functions than previously expected, and is also intricately associated with the maintenance of genome integrity. In this review, we highlight the roles of RBPs in the maintenance of genome integrity.

en: International Journal of Molecular Sciences


en: Physiological Roles of MicroRNAs in Stress Response

ja: ストレス調節のメカニズムとエピジェネティクス-ストレス応答性マイクロRNAを介した遺伝子発現調節

en: Increasing evidences have suggested that the non-protein-coding genome is functionally important for regulation of cellular processes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides in length. They bind to partially complementary sites within the 3'UTR of target mRNAs and inhibit their translation. More than 2,000 miRNAs are discovered in human cells, and sufficiently expressed miRNAs typically target hundreds of different mRNAs. The important roles of miRNAs are to control and maintain normal physiological functioning of the central nervous system, including neuron maturation, neurogenesis, and synaptic plasticity. Various stressors influence the processing of miRNA, recognition of mRNA targets, and miRNA expression. Recent papers have reported that miRNAs play an essential role in regulation of stress response. Interestingly, experimental animals with mutant miRNAs appear to normally develop, while they cannot cope with stressful conditions. Both acute and chronic stressors change miRNA expression profiles in a brain region-dependent fashion and changes in miRNA expression. We previously investigated that psychological stress-related changes in miRNA expression were also detectable in peripheral tissues, such as peripheral blood leukocytes. Taken together, the stress-mediated miRNA response may activate a program of gene expression that is essential for the production of adaptive response to the stressor.

ja: ストレス関連疾患の発症や病態には環境要因と遺伝子が相互に関与し, ストレス時に生じる遺伝子発現調節の破綻もその一因となる. マイクロRNA (miRNA) は, 遺伝子発現の転写後調節を担う20∼25塩基ほどの小さな非コードRNA分子であり, 生体が外部環境から受けるストレス刺激に応答し, 恒常性の維持に関与することが報告されている. マイクロRNAはさまざまな組織に特異的に発現し, 唾液や血液などの体液中に安定して存在することから, がんや組織障害などの新たな疾患バイオマーカーとして注目されている. 中枢神経系においても, 神経新生やシナプス可塑性に必要な遺伝子の発現調節機構にかかわっていることが報告されている. したがって, ストレス反応やうつ病・統合失調症などの精神疾患の病態にも関与することが十分に考えられる. 本稿では, 近年明らかになってきた, マイクロRNAの作用機序と臨床医学への応用について解説する.

en: Japanese Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine

ja: 心身医学


en: マイクロRNA

ja: マイクロRNA

en: Japanese Journal of Molecular Psychiatry

ja: 分子精神医学


en: 腸に定着してストレスを緩和する乳酸菌

ja: 腸に定着してストレスを緩和する乳酸菌

en: FOOD STYLE

ja: FOOD STYLE


en: エピジェネティクス・NMD

ja: エピジェネティクス・NMD

en: Journal of Gastrointestinal Research

ja: Journal of Gastrointestinal Research


en: 末梢血の遺伝子発現解析によるストレス評価

ja: 末梢血の遺伝子発現解析によるストレス評価

en: ストレス科学


en: ストレスとエピジェネテイクス

ja: ストレスとエピジェネテイクス

en: 産業精神保健

ja: 産業精神保健


en: ストレスバイオマーカーの同定と今後の 展開

ja: ストレスバイオマーカーの同定と今後の 展開

en: Surgery Frontier

ja: Surgery Frontier


en: ASDに特徴的な末梢血白血球の遺伝子発現

ja: ASDに特徴的な末梢血白血球の遺伝子発現

en: 精神経誌

ja: 精神経誌