type: misc

label: url

en: Optical coherence tomography for complete management of patients with diabetic retinopathy.

en: Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of patients with diabetes mellitus and can lead to a decrease in vision. The precise mechanisms leading to the development of diabetic retinopathy and the progressive decrease of vision are still undetermined. Recent studies have shown that not only vascular but also neuronal abnormalities are associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Because neuronal cell death leads to an irreversible decrease in visual function, early changes in the morphology and physiology of the neural retinas of diabetic patients are important. The alterations of the morphology of the retina can be obtained by high-resolution B-scan optical coherence tomography (OCT). The thickness of the macular area and retinal nerve fiber layer can be measured reliably and accurately by the installed software of OCT instruments. The high-resolution images can be used to evaluate diabetic macular edema and optic nerve damage quantitatively in patients with diabetic retinopathy. This review describes how the OCT measurements can be used to manage patients with diabetic retinopathy. We also present the early retinal changes involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

en: Current Diabetes Reviews

ja: Current Diabetes Reviews


en: Macular Hole

ja: 黄斑円孔

en: Japanese Journal of Ophthalmic Surgery

ja: 眼科手術


en: Clinical application of MP-1

ja: MP-1の臨床応用 (特集 静的視野検査--日常診療での利用法)

en: Ophthalmology

ja: 眼科


en: Fundus autofluorescence

ja: 眼底自発蛍光

en: Japanese Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology

ja: 臨床眼科


en: Fundus-Related Microperimetry

ja: 眼底直視下マイクロペリメトリー

en: Folia Ophthalmologica Japonica

ja: 日本眼科紀要


en: Minimal Surgery for Retinal Detachment With Scleral Buckling

ja: 低侵襲網膜復位術


en: 眼底視野計(MP-1) (網膜硝子体診療の進歩) -- (診断機器の進歩)

ja: 眼底視野計(MP-1) (網膜硝子体診療の進歩) -- (診断機器の進歩)

en: Journal of the Eye

ja: あたらしい眼科


en: The role of cytokines and trophic factors in epiretinal membranes: involvement of signal transduction in glial cells.

en: Idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERMs) in the macular region can cause a reduction in vision and sometimes recurs after surgical removal, but its pathogenic mechanisms are still unknown. On the other hand, the presence of secondary ERMs has been associated with various clinical conditions including proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). Recent studies have shown a significant association between clinical grades of PDR or PVR, and the expression levels of specific cytokines and/or growth factors in the vitreous fluid. Expression of these factors and their receptors are also observed in secondary ERMs. ERMs are composed of many cell types such as retinal pigment epithelial cells and vascular endothelial cells, however the role of glial cells is yet unclear. Interestingly, glial cells in ERMs express some trophic factor receptors and transcription factors, such as NF-kappaB, suggesting an involvement of glial signal transduction in the pathogenesis of ERMs. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding the clinical and laboratory findings of ERMs.

en: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research

ja: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research


en: Role of cytokines and trophic factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

en: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most frequent complications of diabetes and the leading cause of acquired blindness in developed countries. A note worthy problem in DR is the formation of fibrovascular epiretinal membranes (ERMs) which can cause tractional retinal detachment in the progressed stage of DR. Ocular vitreous fluid and ERMs, which can be obtained during vitrectomy, allow laboratory studies investigating the pathogenesis of DR. Recent studies have shown a significant association between clinical grades of DR and the expression levels of specific cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the intraocular fluid. In addition, expression of various trophic factors and their receptors are reported in ERMs. ERM is composed of many cell types including endothelial cells, which is the primary target of glucose-induced dysfunction in the retina. However, some trophic factor receptors are observed in other cell types such as the glial cells, and their role in ERMs is unclarified. These findings may uncover the detailed pathogenesis of DR, which may lead to new therapeutic strategies. This review briefly summarizes recent research regarding the clinical and laboratory findings of DR.


en: Activator Protein-1 と眼内増殖性疾患の発症機序との因果関係

ja: Activator Protein-1 と眼内増殖性疾患の発症機序との因果関係

en: Chiba Medical Journal

ja: 千葉医学雑誌

misc_type: others