label: url

en: Protective effects of resveratrol against 5-fluorouracil-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in human keratinocytes.

en: -acetylcysteine reduced ROS levels without affecting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Resveratrol might be useful for preventing 5-FU-induced adverse effects by activating anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory responses.

en: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition


en: Biological impacts of resveratrol, quercetin, and N-acetylcysteine on oxidative stress in human gingival fibroblasts.

en: In periodontitis, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils induces oxidative stress and deteriorates surrounding tissues. Antioxidants reduce damage caused by ROS and are used to treat diseases involving oxidative stress. This study summarizes the different effects of resveratrol, quercetin, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) under oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Real-time cytotoxicity analyses reveals that resveratrol and quercetin enhanced cell proliferation even under oxidative stress. Of the antioxidants tested, resveratrol is the most effective at inhibiting ROS production. HGFs incubated with resveratrol and quercetin up-regulate the transcription of type I collagen gene after 3 h, but only resveratrol sustained this up-regulation for 24 h. A measurement of the oxygen consumption rate (OCR, mitochondrial respiration) shows that resveratrol generates the highest maximal respiratory capacity, followed by quercetin and NAC. Simultaneous measurement of OCR and the extracellular acidification rate (non-mitochondrial respiration) reveals that resveratrol and quercetin induce an increase in mitochondrial respiration when compared with untreated cells. NAC treatment consumes less oxygen and enhances more non-mitochondrial respiration. In conclusion, resveratrol is the most effective antioxidant in terms of real-time cytotoxicity analysis, reduction of ROS production, and enhancement of type I collagen synthesis and mitochondrial respiration in HGFs.

ja: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition


en: リアルタイム定量PCR(qPCR)法による唾液中の総細菌数の測定 口腔清潔度の指標としての試み

en: The state of oral hygiene has been evaluated by employing various indices, such as the Oral Hygiene Index, Plaque Index, Patient Hygiene Performance, and Plaque Control Record (O'Leary's PCR). Measuring the scores of these indices is time- and labor-consuming, requiring manual reading and recording by professionals, standardization of examination methods. In contrast, measuring the total number of bacteria in saliva using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) allows the straightforward collection and storage of samples, making it possible to measure many samples at the same time. This technique facilitates the quantification of the number of bacteria within a shorter time than the culture method. In the present study, the total number of bacteria measured by qPCR was found to be significantly decreased (p<0.05) in stimulated whole saliva collected from 5 volunteers by chewing paraffin after tooth cleaning. These findings were in agreement with the decreases shown by Greene's Debris Index and O'Leary's PCR values. There was a significant correlation (r=0.55, p<0.01) between the salivary bacterial counts measured by qPCR from 81 subjects before and after a 4-month interval. These findings suggest that it is possible to measure the total number of bacteria in saliva using qPCR. This technique is convenient and is suggested to be applicable for assessing the oral hygiene status in the future.

ja: 口腔清潔度の指標としては,歯面への歯垢の付着度を測定する方法が一般的であるが,診査や記録等の人材的,時間的負担を要することから,集団歯科健診で用いられることは少ない.集団歯科健診においてう蝕や歯周疾患,口臭症のリスクを評価するために,簡便かつ有効な口腔清潔度の評価法の開発が望まれている.リアルタイム定量PCR(qPCR)法による唾液中の総細菌数の測定は,検体の採取や保管が容易で多検体の一括処理が可能であることから,本目的に合致する有望な測定法であると考えられる.本研究では,qPCR法を用いた唾液中の総細菌数の測定が口腔清潔度の評価法として使用できるかどうか検討を行った.5名のボランティアから,ブラッシング中断時と再開後の2回,刺激唾液を採取し,唾液中の総細菌数をqPCR法により測定したところ,Debris Index,O'LearyのPCR値との間に相関は示されなかったものの,ブラッシング再開後では,中断時に比べ,有意に減少した.81名の被験者から4ヵ月の間隔を空けて2回刺激唾液を採取し,唾液中の総細菌数をqPCR法により測定したところ,前後の間に有意な正の相関を認めた.以上の結果より,qPCR法によって唾液中の総細菌数を測定することが可能であることが示された.本法は非常に簡便であることから,今後,口腔清潔度を検討する分野において応用できる可能性が考えられる.

en: Journal of Dental Health

ja: 口腔衛生学会雑誌


en: The Effects of Supervised Fluoride Mouth Rinsing on Dental Caries Development : Analyses of Caries Development by Tooth Type and of the Relationship between Deciduous Tooth Caries and Permanent Tooth Caries --- 歯群別分析および乳歯う蝕と永久歯う蝕の関連性についての分析

ja: フッ化物洗口実施校におけるう蝕予防効果 --- 歯群別分析および乳歯う蝕と永久歯う蝕の関連性についての分析

en: In 1993, a daily fluoride mouth rinsing program and biannual oral examination were started at the nursery school, elementary school and junior high school of the K District, Tokushima Prefecture. In this study, the longitudinal change of caries development in elementary school students was evaluated. Caries development by tooth type in schoolchildren of the 6th grade was evaluated, and furthermore, the relationship between deciduous tooth caries in 1st grade students and caries development in permanent teeth in 6th grade students was also elucidated. After starting the daily fluoride mouth rinsing program, caries development in the permanent teeth of the low grade children of the elementary school began to decrease first, followed by that of the high grade children, and then, the junior high school students. It was revealed that the strong suppression of caries development in the 1st molar was reflected in a decrease in total caries development in the 6th grade schoolchildren. In addition, a significant relationship between DMFT in the 6th grade schoolchildren and the number of deciduous tooth caries or the number of deciduous teeth in the 1st grade schoolchildren was detected. These results suggest that a fluoride mouth rinsing program before school age is effective for caries prevention in the 1st molar, but, in order to effectively prevent permanent tooth caries, a high risk strategy is needed for children with deciduous tooth caries.

ja: 徳島県の山間部に位置するK村では, 平成5年度より村内の保育園, 幼稚園, 小中学校において週5回のフッ化物洗口と年度2回の歯科健康診断を実施している.本研究では, フッ化物洗口を開始してからの児童生徒のう蝕有病状況の経年的変化をまとめ, 特に, 小学校6年生での歯群別のう蝕有病状況について詳しく調べた.さらには, 小学校1年生での乳歯う蝕の状況, 歯の萌出状況と6年生での永久歯う蝕経験との間の関連性について調べた.以上の結果, フッ化物洗口開始後のう蝕有病状況の経年的変化において, 永久歯う蝕は小学校低学年で早期に減少傾向が現れ, 次いで高学年, 中学生へと移行していることがわかった.小学校6年生での歯群別のう蝕有病状況から, 第一大臼歯のう蝕有病率が大幅に抑制されたことが, 全体のう歯数低下につながっていることが示唆された.一方, フッ化物洗口開始後も小学校1年生での乳歯未処置う歯の本数や乳歯の現在歯数が小学校6年生でのDMFTと有意に関連することがわかった.このことは, 就学前からのフッ化物洗口は第一大臼歯のう蝕罹患を抑制するのに効果的なう蝕予防施策であるが, さらに永久歯う蝕の抑制効果を期待するためには, 乳歯う蝕を指標としたう蝕リスクの高い幼児への介入が必要であることが示唆された.


en: Effect of female sex hormones on Campylobacter rectus and human gingival fibroblasts

en: Recent studies have suggested a relationship between maternal Campylobacter rectus infections and preterm low birth weight. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of female sex hormones, estradiol and progesterone, on C. rectus and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). The growth of C. rectus was significantly enhanced by incorporating either estradiol or progesterone in the culture medium. The production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 by HGF increased following stimulation with estradiol or progesterone, at concentrations comparable to those present in the plasma of pregnant women. In addition, a significantly higher secretion of VEGF by HGF treated with the combination of C. rectus and estradiol was observed in comparison with a treatment with C. rectus alone. Stimulation of HGF with VEGF resulted in production of IL-6 and IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. The capacity of female sex hormones to enhance both C. rectus growth and VEGF, IL-6, and IL-8 production by HGF has the potential to contribute to periodontal disease progression during pregnancy.

en: Oral Microbiology and Immunology

ja: Oral Microbiology and Immunology


en: Effect of hydroxamic acid-based MMP inhibitors on human gingival cells and Porphyromonas gingivalis

en: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are considered to play key roles in tissue destruction during periodontitis. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of hydroxamic acid-based MMP inhibitors (ONO-4817, ONO-MI1-514, and ONO-MI1-570), and their inhibitory effects on MMP-2 and -9 activities and growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and human gingival epithelial cells (HGE) were incubated with test inhibitors prior to investigating cell viability, cell proliferation, and mRNA expression for MMP-2 and -9. Gelatin zymography and a colorimetric MMP assay were performed to study the inhibitory effects on MMP-2 and -9 activities derived from HGF and HGE, respectively. The effect of MMP inhibitors on keratinocyte migration and P. gingivalis growth was also tested. Cell viability was not affected by any of the inhibitors at a final concentration of 50 microM, nor was cell proliferation at 20 microM. All inhibitors clearly inhibited MMP-2 produced by HGF and MMP-9 produced by HGE in a dose-dependent manner. No change was found in mRNA expression of MMPs by gingival cells treated with the inhibitors. ONO-4817 and ONO-MI1-514 inhibited keratinocyte migration. ONO-4817 showed a slightly inhibitory effect on the growth of P. gingivalis. Data obtained in this study support the potential use of the three MMP inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

en: Journal of Periodontology

ja: Journal of Periodontology


en: Purification and characterization of arginine carboxypeptidase produced by Porphyromonas gingivalis

en: Arginine carboxypeptidase was isolated from the cytoplasm of Porphyromonas gingivalis 381 and purified by DEAE-Sephacel column chromatography, followed by high-performance liquid chromatography on DEAE-5PW and TSK G2000SW(XL). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the purified enzyme revealed the presence of three major bands at 42, 33, and 32 kDa with identical N-terminal sequences. By Western blotting analysis and immunoelectron microscopy, the arginine carboxypeptidase was found to be widely distributed in the cytoplasm and on the surface of the outer membrane. The open reading frame corresponding to the N-terminal amino acids of the arginine carboxypeptidase was detected by a search of the sequence of the P. gingivalis W83 genome. This sequence showed homology with mammalian carboxypeptidases (M, N, and E/H) and included a zinc-binding region signature, suggesting that the enzyme is a member of the zinc carboxypeptidase family. The purified enzyme was inhibited by EGTA, o-phenanthroline, DL-2-mercaptomethyl-3-guanidinoethylthiopropanoic acid, and some metal ions, such as Cu(2+), Zn(2+), and Cd(2+). On the other hand, Co(2+) activated the enzyme. The enzyme released arginine and/or lysine from biologically active peptides containing these amino acids at the C terminus but did not cleave substrates when proline was present at the penultimate position. These results indicate that the arginine carboxypeptidase produced by P. gingivalis is an exo type of metallocarboxypeptidase. This enzyme may function to release arginine in collaboration with an arginine aminopeptidase, e.g., Arg-gingipain, to obtain specific amino acids from host tissues during the growth of P. gingivalis.

en: Infection and Immunity

ja: Infection and Immunity


en: Consumption of Peptide-derived Arginine by a Periodontopathogenic Bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis

en: Anaerobe

ja: Anaerobe


en: 歯周病原性細菌のプロテアーゼに対するモノクローナル抗体を利用した歯周病診断の試み


en: The GroEL-like protein from Campylobacter rectus: immunological characterization and interleukin-6 and -8 induction in human gingival fibroblast

en: FEMS Microbiology Letters

ja: FEMS Microbiology Letters


en: Porphyromonas gingivalisの産生するアルギニン代謝関連酵素と細胞凝集活性との関連について

en: Journal of Dental Health


en: Biological and antigenic characterization of three BApNA-hydrolyzing proteases from the culture supernatant of Porphyromonas gingivalis


en: Immunological characterization and localization of a Porphyromonas gingivalis BApNA-hydrolyzing protease possessing hemagglutinating activity

en: FEMS microbiology letters

ja: FEMS microbiology letters


en: Purification of an Extracellular Soluble Protease Possessing BApNA Hydrolytic Activity from Culture Supernatants of Porphyromonas gingivalis

ja: Journal of Dental Health


en: Utility of Natural Herbs -Focusing on Dental Field Use

ja: 天然ハーブの有用性ー歯科領域を中心に

en: Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences

ja: Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences