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en: Advanced glycation end-products increase lipocalin 2 expression in human oral epithelial cells.

en: Journal of Periodontal Research

ja: Journal of Periodontal Research


en: Evaluation of educational effects of periodontology by lectures and phantom training in dental students

ja: 講義および実習試験の評価による歯周病学教育のあり方の考察

en:
 Purpose: In the undergraduate educational curriculum of dentistry, there are two main teaching/learning methods for dental students before clinical training: traditional lectures and phantom training. The purpose of this study was to explore effective educational systems for periodontology by examining the test results of both lectures and phantom training.

 Methods: Both a written test and a practical test of periodontology were administered to students of dentistry. A total of 43 dental students of Tokushima University Dental School were recruited. Written tests were performed before and after the lectures on periodontology. A practical test of scaling and root planing was performed after phantom training. Associations between the results of the written test and practical test were analyzed statistically. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

 Results: The results of the written tests after lectures were higher than those before lectures. A significant positive correlation was found between the results of the written test and practical test.

 Conclusion: In the students' education on periodontology, the results of the practical test were correlated statistically to the results of the written test. These findings may contribute to establishing effective educational systems for periodontology in dentistry.

ja:
 目的 : 一般的に, 臨床実習前の歯学部生に対する歯周病学の教育は, 座学講義と基礎 (模型) 実習を主体とする. 本研究の目的は, 歯周病学の講義および実習の評価試験の結果の関連性を調べ, 将来の歯学部生に対する歯周病学教育のあり方について考察することである.

 方法 : 2018年度後期から2019年度前期に徳島大学歯学部に在籍し, 歯周病学を履修する歯学部3∼4年次生43名を対象とした. 歯周病学の講義前後に当該分野に関する筆記試験 (5肢2択形式) を行い, さらに歯周病学の基礎 (模型) 実習の終了時に, 顎模型を用いてスケーリング・ルートプレーニングの実習試験を行った. 講義による学生の理解度・習得度の評価は, カイ二乗検定を用いて判定した. 筆記試験および実習試験の結果の関連性は, スピアマンの順位相関検定を用いて判定した. また, 筆記試験の点数を25点満点で9点以下, 10∼12点, 13点以上の3群に分類し, 各群間の実習試験点数の差異の有無について, ANOVA-Tukey HSD解析を用いて判定した. なお, p値が0.05未満を有意差ありと判定した.

 結果 : 歯周病学の講義後の筆記試験の点数は, 出題内容によって差はあるものの, 講義前と比較しておおむね有意に上昇した. 筆記試験の結果と実技試験の結果は, 有意に相関した (r=0.34, p=0.025). また筆記試験の点数が9点以下の群における実習試験の点数は, 筆記試験の点数が10∼12点, 13点以上の群と比較して有意に低かった (p<0.05). 一方, 筆記試験の点数が10∼12点と13点以上の群間における実習試験の点数に有意差は認められなかった (p=0.76).

 結論 : 臨床実習前の歯周病学の学生教育において, 筆記試験の点数と基礎 (模型) 実習試験の点数は有意に相関した. このことは, 将来の効果的な歯周病学の教育システム構築の一助となる可能性を示唆する.

en: The Japanese Journal of Conservative Dentistry

ja: 日本歯科保存学雑誌


en: Advanced glycation end-products increase IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression via RAGE, MAPK and NF-kB pathways in human gingival fibroblasts

en: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for periodontal diseases and may exacerbate the progression of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) cause DM complications relative to levels of glycemic control and larger amounts accumulate in the periodontal tissues of patients with periodontitis and DM. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AGEs on the expression of inflammation-related factors in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) to elucidate the impact of AGEs on DM-associated periodontitis. HGFs were cultured with or without AGEs. Cell viability was examined, and RNA and protein fractions were isolated from AGE-treated cells. The expression of interleukin (IL)-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and the receptor for AGE (RAGE) was investigated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and reactive oxygen species activity was measured using a kit with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Human monocytic cells (THP-1) labeled with a fluorescent reagent were co-cultured with HGFs treated with AGEs and IL-6 siRNA, and the adhesive activity of THP-1 cells to HGFs was assessed. The expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 was examined when HGFs were pretreated with recombinant human IL-6, the siRNAs of RAGE and IL-6, and inhibitors of MAPK and NF-κB, and then cultured with and without AGEs. The phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-κB was assessed using western blotting. AGEs increased the mRNA and protein expressions of RAGE, IL-6, ICAM-1 and reactive oxygen species activity in HGFs, and promoted the adhesion of THP-1 cells to HGFs, but had no effect on cell viability until 72 hours. Recombinant human IL-6 increased ICAM-1 expression in HGFs, while the siRNAs of RAGE and IL-6 inhibited AGE-induced IL6 and ICAM1 mRNA expression, and IL-6 siRNA depressed AGE-induced THP-1 cell adhesion. AGEs increased the phosphorylation of p38 and ERK MAPKs, p65 NF-κB and IκBα, while inhibitors of p38, ERK MAPKs and NF-κB significantly decreased AGE-induced IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression. AGEs increase IL-6 and ICAM-1 expression via the RAGE, MAPK and NF-κB pathways in HGFs and may exacerbate the progression of the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.