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en: Noninvasive Measurement of the Electrical Bioimpedance of Breast Tumors

en: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possibility of differential diagnosis of tumors, such as breast cancer, by measuring the mammary electrical bioimpedance via the skin surface noninvasively and by examining the relationship between the tissue structure of the breast and electrical bioimpedance. The mammary electrical bioimpedance was measured in 24 patients with breast cancer. Taking into account the measurement results and the distribution of the mammary glands and fatty tissue, a breast model with tumors was proposed. Based on this model, the distributions of the electric potential and electric field in the tissue were theoretically analyzed by the three-dimensional finite element method. In clinical cases, the Re values of the diseased breast were significantly larger than those of the contralateral healthy breast. In theoretical analysis based on the breast model, the Re value of mammary electrical bioimpedance varied due to the structure of the breast, that is, the ratio of fatty tissue to mammary gland and the presence of mammary tumors. The results of the measurement agreed with the theoretical analyses. These results suggest that differential diagnosis of breast tumors is possible by measuring the mammary electrical bioimpedance using noninvasive electrodes on the skin.

en: Anticancer Research

ja: Anticancer Research


en: 下大動脈内腫瘍栓を伴う悪性腫瘍の外科治療

ja: 下大動脈内腫瘍栓を伴う悪性腫瘍の外科治療

en: The Japanese Journal of Phlebology

ja: 静脈学


en: High frequency of p53 protein expression in thymic carcinoma but not in thymoma.

en: Thymic epithelial tumours are broadly classified into thymomas and thymic carcinomas. Although both tumours occasionally show invasive growth, they exhibit different clinical and biological findings. The oncogene and anti-oncogene in thymic epithelial tumours have not been evaluated fully. We investigated the expression of p53 protein by immunohistochemical analysis using the anti-p53 polyclonal antibody (CM-1) in 17 thymomas and 19 thymic carcinomas. We also examined p53 gene (exon 5-8) mutation in 18 thymic carcinomas by using polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism methods and direct sequencing. Of the thymoma cases, only one invasive thymoma showed focal nuclear staining. Fourteen of the 19 thymic carcinomas (74%) showed nuclear staining. Point mutations of the p53 gene were recognized in only 2 of the 18 thymic carcinomas (11%). One was the mutation C to T transition in the first letter of codon 222 in exon 6, which results in the amino acid substitution from proline to serine. Another was a silent mutation. p53 protein accumulation is highly frequent in thymic carcinomas but not in thymomas, and gene mutation is uncommon in thymic carcinomas.

en: British Journal of Cancer

ja: British Journal of Cancer


en: Invasive thymoma with endobronchial polypoid growth.

en: A rare case of invasive thymoma with endobronchial polypoid growth is presented. A 68-year-old woman presented with coughing and sputum. The chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) findings demonstrated a large mass with a calcified lesion in the left hilar region. A bronchoscopic examination showed a polypoid tumor in the left B3b bronchus. The tumor was surgically resected and revealed a unique polypoid endobronchial extension. This tumor was pathologically diagnosed to be invasive thymoma.

en: Surgery Today

ja: Surgery Today


en: 悪性腫瘍による下大静脈症候群の検査，診断，治療方針，治療，予後

ja: 悪性腫瘍による下大静脈症候群の検査，診断，治療方針，治療，予後

en: 静脈およびリンパ管疾患と外科

ja: 静脈およびリンパ管疾患と外科


en: Postoperative adjuvant randomized trial comparing chemoendocrine therapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy for patients with stageII breast cancer --- 5-year results from The Nishinihon cooperative study group of Adjuvant Chemoendocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer (ACETBC) of Japan

en: Between 1985 and 1988, the effect of using ftorafur (FT) or PSK (an immunotherapy agent) in combination with the conventional postoperative adjuvant therapy using mitomycin (MMC) plus tamoxifen (TAM) was assessed in stage II, oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer patients. Furthermore, in ER- breast cancer stage II patients, the effects of postoperative adjuvant therapy using MMC plus FT were compared with the effects of postoperative adjuvant therapy using MMC plus PSK. Patients had primary stage II breast cancer and had undergone total mastectomy plus axillary dissection or more radical surgery. On the day of surgery, MMC (13 mg/m2) was administered intravenously. Then, ER+ patients received one of three regimens of drug therapy, starting 2 weeks after surgery: regimen A (daily oral treatment with 30 mg of TAM), regimen B (daily oral treatment with 30 mg of TAM and 600 mg of FT) or regimen C (daily oral treatment with 30 mg of TAM and 3 g of PSK) [corrected]. ER- patients received either regimen D (daily oral treatment with 600 mg of FT) or regimen E (daily oral treatment with 3 g of PSK), starting 2 weeks after surgery. Of the 540 ER+ patients registered, 525 were evaluated. The 5-year overall survival rate for ER+ patients was higher for patients who received regimen B (94.2%) than for those who received regimen A (86.9%) or regimen C (89.9%) (P = 0.063). The 5-year relapse-free survival rate was higher for regimen B (88.9%) than for regimen A (78.6%) and regimen C (77.2%) (P = 0.010). Stratified analysis revealed better results with the FT-combined therapy in patients positive for lymph node metastasis and premenopausal patients. These results indicate the effectiveness of using FT in combination with TAM. Of the 376 ER- patients registered, 364 were evaluated. The 5-year overall and relapse-free survival rate for ER- patients did not differ significantly between patients who received regimen D and those who received regimen E.

en: European Journal of Cancer

ja: European Journal of Cancer


en: A dose-response relationship between the frequency of p53 mutations and tobacco consumption in lung cancer patients.

en: Mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene are frequent in lung cancers. It is suggested that p53 mutations are associated with smoking-induced lung carcinogenesis. We examined p53 mutations in 53 lung cancers by analyzing reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (RT-PCR-SSCP) to ascertain the association between p53 mutations and smoking. Twenty-five (47%) of 53 lung cancers carried p53 mutations. A discriminant analysis showed that the Brinkman index (0.156) and gender (0.140) significantly influenced p53 mutations. Furthermore, there was a dose-response relationship between the quantity of cigarettes consumed and the frequency of p53 mutations in lung cancer patients (P < 0.001). In patients with adenocarcinoma, the frequency of p53 mutations correlated with the amount of the tobacco smoked (P < 0.05). We suggest that the p53 gene is a target of particular carcinogen in tobacco smoke.

en: Journal of Surgical Oncology

ja: Journal of Surgical Oncology


en: Human Calgizzarin; One Colorectal Cancer-Related Gene Selected by a Large Scale Random cDNA Sequencing and Northern Blot Analysis.

en: Cancer Letters

ja: Cancer Letters


en: p53 alteration correlates with negative ER, negative PgR, and high histologic grade in breast cancer.

en: Seventy tumors of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were examined for p53 alteration by the RT-PCR-SSCP method. Sixty-five samples (92.9%) were investigated in the regions of codons 101-200 and 201-300. In total, 16 samples (24.6%) showed p53 gene alteration. We found that p53 gene alteration showed a correlation with (1) a negative ER status, (2) a negative PgR status, and (3) a high histologic grade (especially numerous mitotic figures) of the tumor. However, we found no correlation between p53 gene alteration and the lymph node status or clinical stage. Thus, p53 gene alteration in breast cancer may occur in highly malignant breast cancer other than advanced clinical stage cancer or node-positive cancer.


en: Frequency of spontaneous p53 mutations (CpG site) in breast cancer in Japan.

en: Sixty-five tumors of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were examined for p53 alteration by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (RT-PCR-SSCP) method and sequencing analysis. In total, 16 samples (24.6%) showed p53 gene alteration. Sixteen of these alterations were evaluated by sequencing analysis, and 15 showed missense point mutations while one showed a 9-base pair deletion. In the 15 point mutations, G:C to A:T transitions constituted the majority (53%), and five tumors (33%) had a transition at the CpG site, which are mutational patterns not commonly found in breast tumors from Europe and America. On the other hand, there were no G:C to T:A transversions in our cases, which were frequently observed transversions in Europe and America. These p53 mutation patterns in breast cancer in Japan are not similar to those in Europe and America reported by Hollstein et al. and Coles et al.. These findings suggest that there are some differences between mechanisms of breast cancer in Japan and in Europe and America.

en: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment

ja: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment


en: Mutations in the P53 tumour suppressor gene in primary lung cancer in Japan.

en: The reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (RT-PCR-SSCP) analysis and sequencing were used to examine p53 gene alterations in 18 surgical specimens of primary lung cancers obtained in Japan. Somatic mutations resulting in amino acid changes were found in eight of the 18 cases (44%). Seven missense mutations were located in amino acid-conserved domains or their vicinities (codons 110 to 307). Most mutations were found at G-C pairs, suggesting that specific carcinogens are involved in the etiology of lung cancer. The p53 mutations showed a significant association with a history of smoking (P = 0.0294). We suggest that the p53 mutations may be associated with smoking-induced lung carcinogenesis.

en: Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications