Close correlation between estrogen treatment and renal phosphate reabsorption capacity

To determine the influence of estrogen on the activity of renal proximal tubular reabsorption of inorganic phosphate (Pi) in women, we examined the changes of the renal threshold phosphate concentration (also denoted as TmP/GFR), as well as the changes in the concentrations of mineral components in the circulation in two groups of women--one receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and one receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) therapy. We also examined the changes in the concentrations of serum PTH in the GnRH-a group. The patients in the HRT group were continuously treated with 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogens plus 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate per day. The patients in the GnRH-a group were treated with a monthly injection of 3.75 mg leuprolide acetate depot for 6 months. The values of TmP/GFR decreased in all of the patients who received HRT. The mean percentage change in TmP/GFR was -14.5% (range, -24.3% to -9.6%). In contrast, in all of the patients treated with GnRH-a, the values of TmP/GFR increased after 6 months of treatment (the mean percentage change was 28.5%; range, 18.2-78.3%) and returned to the preadministration level at 12 weeks after stopping therapy. In these patients, both the values of TmP/GFR and the concentrations of serum Pi correlated significantly with circulating estradiol levels (r = -0.767, P < 0.01 and r = -0.797, P < 0.01, respectively), but the concentrations of serum corrected calcium did not correlate. Moreover, in the same patients, the levels of serum intact PTH decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after 6 months of treatment, but at 12 weeks after stopping therapy the trends of these levels varied among individual patients. These results suggest that estrogen could act directly to suppress sodium-dependent Pi reabsorption in the renal proximal tubules.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism


ホルモン補充療法中のエストロゲン濃度と骨代謝マーカーに関する検討

ホルモン補充療法中のエストロゲン濃度と骨代謝マーカーに関する検討


骨減少症ならびに骨粗鬆症に対するエストロゲン·プロゲスチンの連日投与法と隔日投与法の比較 --- 血中エストラジオール濃度との関係


Involvement of gonadal steroid hormone disturbance in altered prolactin receptor gene expression in the liver of diabetic mice

The levels of mRNA for long and three short forms of prolactin receptor (PRLR) were examined in the livers of normal (db+/db-) and insulin-resistant diabetic (db+/db+) mice to assess the role of gonadal steroid hormones in the regulation of PRLR gene expression in diabetes mellitus. In females, plasma levels of testosterone in diabetic mice were higher, and those of 17beta-estradiol were lower when compared with levels in normal mice. By contrast, diabetic male mice had lower plasma levels of testosterone than normal males and showed no significant difference in the low circulating level of 17beta-estradiol compared with normal males. The short 3 form of PRLR (PRLR3) mRNA was the most abundant in the liver of both normal and diabetic mice. In addition, the level of PRLR3 mRNA in normal females was 8-fold higher than in normal males. The level of PRLR3 mRNA in diabetic females was approximately a quarter lower than in normal females, whereas the level of PRLR3 mRNA in diabetic males was approximately 2-fold higher than in normal males. During postnatal development, the level of PRLR3 mRNA increased during puberty in normal females, while the level in diabetic females decreased to a nadir at 7 weeks of age followed by a progressive rise. On the other hand, the levels of PRLR3 mRNA in both normal and diabetic males decreased gradually during 5 to 14 weeks of age. Testosterone treatment of diabetic males and females resulted in a 49.1 and 49.8% decrease of PRLR3 mRNA respectively. 17beta-Estradiol treatment slightly (18%) increased levels of PRLR3 mRNA in diabetic males. These results suggest that the hepatic level of PRLR mRNA is regulated by the inhibitory effect of testosterone and the stimulatory effect of estrogen in both normal and diabetic mice.


Combination of automatic HPLC-RIA method for determination of estrone and estradiol in serum

We developed a highly sensitive assay for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in serum. Estrone and 17 beta-estradiol, obtained by solid-phase extraction using a Sep pak tC18 cartridge, were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quantitation of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol were carried out by radioimmunoassay. Not insignificantly, this automatic system of extraction and HPLC succeeded in analyzing 80 samples a week. Intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol ranged from 19.5 to 28.7%, and from 8.5 to 13.7%, respectively. The minimum detectable dose for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol were 1.04 pg/ml and 0.64 pg/ml, respectively. The serum levels of 17 beta-estradiol using our method strongly correlated with those by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The serum levels of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol in 154 peri- and postmenopausal women were estimated to be between 15 and 27 pg/ml and between 3.5 and 24.0 pg/ml, respectively, while the serum level of 17 beta-estradiol in postmenopausal women, in particular, was estimated to be from 3.5 to 6.3 pg/ml. For postmenopausal women who suffered from vasomotor symptoms, the mean levels of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol at 12 to 18 hours after treatment with daily 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and 2.5 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) were 135.0 and 21.3 pg/ml at 12 months, respectively. On the other hand, levels of estrone and 17 beta-estradiol at 12 to 18 hours after treatment with CEE and MPA every other day, were 73.4 and 15.3 pg/ml, respectively. These highly sensitive assays for estrone and 17 beta-estradiol are useful in measuring low levels of estrogen in postmenopausal women, and monitoring estrogen levels in women receiving CEE as hormone replacement therapy.


Measurement of N- and C-terminal-region fragments of parathyroid hormone-related peptide in milk from lactating women and investigation of the relationship of their concentrations to calcium in milk.

Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) is found in very high concentrations in the milk of various mammals. However, little is known about its physiological role in this fluid. To obtain detailed profiles of PTHrP in milk, we measured the concentrations of PTHrP in human milk by two different region-specific assays, PTHrP(1-87) (N-PTHrP) and PTHrP(109-141) (C-PTHrP). We also examined the correlations between PTHrP and Ca concentrations in milk as well as the correlations between PTHrP and secreted milk volume. The levels of N-PTHrP and C-PTHrP were relatively low after delivery and gradually increased to 13.87 +/- 2.40 nmol/l (mean +/- S.E.M.) and 56.39 +/- 11.31 nmol/l respectively on the 10th day postpartum. N-PTHrP concentration remained steady until the 6th month postpartum when weaning starts, at which point it decreased slightly. C-PTHrP levels changed in a similar way to N-PTHrP levels but were 2- to 5-fold higher. Milk Ca concentration, and content, correlated with C-PTHrP concentration, and content (r = 0.422 and r = 0.769 respectively; P < 0.0001) but not with N-PTHrP. N-PTHrP concentration in the milk samples on the 4th day postpartum correlated with the volume of milk secreted during the 24 h before the samples were taken (r = 0.524, P < 0.01), but C-PTHrP concentration did not. These results suggest that PTHrP in human milk may play some role in the maintenance of lactation through the N-terminal region and in promoting Ca transfer into milk via the C-terminal region.


Effects of transforming growth factor-β on the production of parathyroid hormone-related peptide in a human ovarian cancer cell line in vitro

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research


[Assessment of serum estrogen levels by RIA with HPLC during hormone replacement therapy].

We studied the serum estradiol and estrone levels in 146 peri and postmenopausal women, and in 38 women who had complained of various climacteric disturbance symptoms during daily hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) 0.625 mg and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) 2.5 mg. Serum estradiol and estrone were measured before treatment, and at 6 months, and after one year of the HRT therapy by HPLC-radioimmunoassay. In 146 peri and postmenopausal women, the serum level of estradiol was from 3 to 6pg/ml. The serum level of estradiol in 38 women after HRT significantly increased (p < 0.01) from 3.34 to 23.6 pg/ml at 6 months, and 21.5 pg/ml at 12 months. The serum level of estrone significantly increased (p < 0.01) from 26.6pg/ml to 156.7pg/ml at 6 months, and 137.2pg/ml at 12 month. These results are very useful for deciding on the doses of hormones and the expected serum estradiol level in HRT for Japanese women.

Acta Obstetrica et Gynaecologica Japonica


Assessment of Serum Estrogen Levels by RIA with HPLC during Hormone Replacement Therapy

ホルモン補充療法における血中エストロゲン値の高感度測定法による検討


Studies on the Combination Treatment with Clomiphene Citrate and Toki-shakuyaku-san

排卵障害患者に対するクロミフェン·当帰芍薬散併用療法の有用性の検討


Mechanism of anovulation in hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea determined by pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone injection combined with human chorionic gonadotropin


骨粗鬆症に対するホルモン補充療法および活性型ビタミンDの有効性に関する検討

骨粗鬆症に対するホルモン補充療法および活性型ビタミンDの有効性に関する検討


The effect of continuous combined regimen of estrogen progestin on the postmenopausal woman

中高年婦人および両側卵巣摘出婦人に対するエストロゲン·プロゲスチン持続併用療法の骨および脂質に対する検討

The Journal of the Japan Menopause Society


Inhibitory effect of Sho-saiko-to on the growth of gynecological cancer cell lines by autocrine mechanism of transforming growth factor-β

婦人科癌における小柴胡湯の抗腫瘍効果及び作用機序に関する検討


Interaction of Activin A and Gonadal Steroids on FSH Secretion from Primary Cultured Rat Anterior Pituitary Cells

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications


Maintenance of Androgen-,Glucocorticoid-or Estrogen-responsive Growth in Shionogi Carcinoma 115 Subline Subline Sustained in Castrated Mice with High Dose of Estrogen for 30 Generations(3 Years)

Gann : Japanese Journal of Cancer Research


Roles of Transforming Growth Factor β in Inhibition of Androgen-induced Growth of Shionogi Carcinoma Cellsin Serum-Free Medium


The mechanism of the effect of combination treatment with clomiphene and bromocriptine in patients with normoprolactinemic anovulation

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation


Studies of the Combination Treatment with Unkei-to and Clomiphene Citrate

クロミフェン無効の正プロラクチン血性排卵障害症例に対するクロミフェンー温経湯併用療法の検討


Effects of Androgen,Fibroblast Growth Factors or Other Various Growth Factors on Growth of Shinogi Carcinoma Cells in a Protein-Free Medium


Clinical Implication of Serum Antibody to Thomsen-Friednreich Antigen in Patients with Gynecological Malignancies

婦人科悪性腫瘍組織に発現するThomsen-Friedenreich抗原とその血中抗体価に関する臨床的研究


HRTの慎重投与例への対応 -7.慢性肝疾患，胆嚢炎および胆石症の既往

HRTの慎重投与例への対応 -7.慢性肝疾患，胆嚢炎および胆石症の既往


婦人科癌における小柴胡湯の抗腫瘍効果に関する検討

婦人科癌における小柴胡湯の抗腫瘍効果に関する検討


ラット下垂体腫瘍細胞のプロラクチン分泌に及ぼす漢方薬の効果に関する検討

ラット下垂体腫瘍細胞のプロラクチン分泌に及ぼす漢方薬の効果に関する検討

産婦人科漢方研究のあゆみ

産婦人科漢方研究のあゆみ


モノクロナール抗体を用いた逆受身赤血球凝集反応によるプロラクチン測定法の基礎的検討とその臨床的応用 --- 赤血球凝集反応による新しいプロラクチン測定試薬


治療に抵抗を示し，著明な血小板減少を来した再生不良性貧血合併妊娠の1症例

治療に抵抗を示し，著明な血小板減少を来した再生不良性貧血合併妊娠の1症例