Cultural Education for Fostering Citizens who can Operate in a Global Society through Peer Learning Local Citizens and International Students

地域社会人・留学生とのpeer learningによるグローバル社会に対応できる人材育成と教養教育

Journal of University Education Research


Practical study for future establishment of sustainable society as the cultural education

教養教育における持続可能な社会を目指す体験型学習

Personnel training for global society is one of the important issues for the innovation of university education. A stand point of view for the establishment of sustainable society is considered to have a potential role for understanding issues of global society. To study this relationship, concepotional understanding for global system is indispensable and it closely related to the object of holistic education. Here, we established a holistic educational program consisted with group study by the conbination of students, citizens and foreign studetns. Practical tranings based on the traditional agriculture and medicine are employed as the optional lecture. In this report, we discussed on the effect of the practical study for the future establishment of sustainable society by employing our educational program.


Problems for global education - From the viewpoin of education for sustainable development

グローバル教育の課題-「持続可能な開発のための教育」の視点から


Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria from Mongolian animal milks and their dairy products by clone library method

モンゴル国家畜乳および乳製品中の細菌のクローンライブラリー法による解析

Various animal milks and their dairy products like AIRAG (fermented horse milk) and yogurt are very popular among Mongolian people. The climate of Mongolia is very severe, and they preserve their health by the intake of above animal milks and dairy products. In this study, we explored the diversity of bacteria in Mongolian animal milks (Cow, Horse, Goat, and Camel), AIRAG, and Camel milk yogurt by the clone library method of their 16S rRNA genes.13;Firstly, we prepared the whole genomic DNA from four animal milks and two dairy products, and amplified each 16S rRNA genes by PCR. PCR products (about 1.4kbp) were cloned into pGEM-T vector, and analyzed DNA sequences of totally 79 clones from AIRAG, Camel milk yogurt, and four animal milks. It was revealed that homologous clones to Lactobacillus helveticus are dominant in the clone libraries of both dairy products, whereas the other clones to Lactococcus from AIRAG, and Acetobacter from camel milk yogurt. Furthermore, We found that homologous clones to Lactococcus are dominant in Mongolian cow and horse milks, whereas Leuconostoc in camel milk. Therefore, it might be useful information for screening the bioactive strains from milk products in Mongolia.


Cultural education in university for globalizing society

グローバル化社会に向けた大学教養教育とは


A Summer school program based on peer learning

Peer learningを主体としたサマースクールプログラム

多くの大学において,夏休みを利用して海外の大学生が短期間訪問するプログラム(サマースク ールなど)を実施するようになってきた．多くのプログラムでは,留学生に対して,授業を提供するこ とが主であるが,日本の大学生と同じ授業を受講させたり,交流イベントなどを取り入れることにより, 日本人学生との交流の機会を図っていることが多い．それに対して,今回のサマースクールは,授業も 課外活動も留学生と日本人学生の交流を中心としたプログラムという特色がある．Peer learningは,学 習者同士が同じ立場に立って,お互いに学び合うことを基本としている．2 人から数人でのグループ学 習や,テーマを決めて議論をすることなど,留学生と日本人学生が共に発信することが重要になってく る．また,このような共に学び合うという行為を通じて,お互いが親密になれるという長所もある．こ の経験により,海外留学に対するモチベーションを高める効果も期待できる．本稿では,今回のサマー スクールの概要と,その効果について検証する．


The outcome from the combination of lifelong learning and higher education in cross-cultural communications-What we could learn from the effort of Seoul National University based on the traditional culture in Chindo, Korea -

国際交流による生涯学習と大学教育の融合の意義―韓国珍島の伝統文化を生かしたソウル大学の取り組みから何を学ぶか―


地域社会人，学生，教員でつくる学びのコミュニティから創出される新たな視点

地域社会人，学生，教員でつくる学びのコミュニティから創出される新たな視点


Interactive cross-cultural exchange activities aimed at developing an educational program for sustainable development in a globalizing world

グローバル化時代に即した環境教育プログラム開発を目的とした体験型異文化交流


Outcomes of the "International Conference on Global Trends in Educational Culture" : A Discussion between Japan and Mongolia on the Innovation of University Educational Programs

日本とモンゴルの大学教育改革を考える国際会議「International Conference on Global Trends in Educational Culture」の成果と課題


徳島大学「地域社会人を活用した教養教育の視点からの開発途上国をモデルとした環境教育プログラムの可能性

持続可能な社会への発展をめざした環境教育プログラムの開発と効果的な教育に関する研究の必要性が高まってきている．世代を超えた議論を通じて，この問題に関する方向性が見える部分があると考えられるが，地域をまたいでお互いに話し合うことも重要な手がかりとなり得る．今回，開発途上国の一つであるパプアニューギニアにおいて，現地の大学(ゴロカ大学)と協力して，大学周辺の初等中等教育機関や集落のなかにおいて，どの様な環境教育教材があるのかを調査した．また，同大学の大学院生と授業において，環境教育の観点からお互いに学ぶべき点について議論をした．また，同大学の教員を中心とした高等教育に関するInternational Conference を開催し，日本の高等教育の課題と持続可能な社会に向けた環境教育プ口グラム開発についての議論を行った．その結果，お互いの議論の場を継続的に設けていく中で，違った立場から学び合うことが可能であることが示唆された．


General education assisted by volunteers from the local community: a novel style lecture for establishment of the circulation of intelligence in the local community

大学教育ボランティアを活用した教養教育―地域に知の循環型社会の構築を目指す新しい形の生涯学習―

Bulletin of the Japan Association of Lifelong Education


Class evaluation questionnaires directed for the qualification of the undergraduate program and its applications in general education and cultural studies

学際的分野における学士課程構築を視野に入れた授業評価アンケートとその活用

Journal of University Education Research


Activities of "community-based learning" intended for self-motivated study : A new style of lifelong learning created under the cooperation of students, men from the local community and teachers

自主的な学びを目指す「学びのコミュニティー」活動-学生・社会人・教員で創る生涯学習の形-


高等教育と生涯教育を考えるInternational Conference-地域社会人を活用した教養教育の一環としての日韓中交流-

平成20年度採択の質の高い大学教育改革プログラム「地域社会人を活用した教養教育」では，地域社会人の勉学に対する高いモチベーションを，共に学ぶ学生が，自ら感じて学び取ることを目的としている．この取り組みを発展させていくために，取り組みに関係する近接する諸外国との意見交換が考えられる．この3カ国では，少子高齢化の問題に関しても共通する課題であり，大学教育に関する課題に関しても共通点が多い．本稿では，今回徳島大学全学共通教育学びのコミュニティー主催で開催した「高等教育と生涯教育に関する国際会議」の概要とその結果得られた成果について様々な角度から考察する．


地域社会に学ぶ体験型学習∼第7回国際珍島学会と韓国の地域から学ぶことの意義∼

地域社会に学ぶ体験型学習∼第7回国際珍島学会と韓国の地域から学ぶことの意義∼

大学における国際交流がさかんになってきたが，地域に学ぶことを目的とした大学問国際交流は，地域学の意義を考える上で大きな意味がある． 今回韓国南部の珍島で関催された第7回国際珍島学会に参加して，韓国の珍島で活躍する地域社会人との交流の中から，地域に学ぶことの意義についての考察を行った．学会は主として珍島の地域社会人と韓国と日本の大学生の体験型学習の場として設定されており，様々な文化的背景を持った学生がお互いを知ると同時に，共に珍島という地域社会から学ぶ場という位置付けになっている．昨年に引き続き今年度のテーマは「葬礼」で，世界各国の葬礼文化を知ると同時に，韓国，日本を中心として世界の7カ国の学生と研究者が議論しながら地域学の意義についてお互いに学び合った．


北欧とドイツの生涯学習と，徳島大学の「地域社会人を活用した教養教育」から見えてくる視点とは

フィンランド，デンマーク，ドイツなど優れた教育の取り組みで知られる各国の研究者が，徳島大学全学共通教育の取り組み「地域社会人を活用した教義教育」に関して，どの様な意義を感じ，どのように発展していくことを期待するのかを調べる目的で，今回それぞれの国で活躍する生涯教育研究者を訪問して意見交換を行った．その結果，今回の徳島大学の取り組みに類似するプログラムはこれらの国にはほとんどなく，今後同様の取り組みに関して検討を始める意義のある新しい可能性を持った取り組みであるとする評価を得た．人に学ぶことを基本とする観点から，デンマークのホイスコーレの考え方に類似点があり，大学教育や教義教育の観点から連携を進めることにより，今回の取り組みをさらに発展させることが期待される．


Attempt of Student Volunteers in the Special Needs Education

特別支援教育における学生ボランティアの活用の試み

障害を持つ児童生徒への教育は特別支援教育に移行し，学習障害， ADHD，高機能自閉症(広汎性発達障害)などの新しい障害領域が加えられた．制度的にはこのような変化があるが，学校現場の支援体制は物的環境，人的環境において整っていない．大学が県・市の教育委員会と連携し，大学生を学習支援ボランティアとして小中学校に派遣し，教員の補助的役割を担うことは，特別支援教育にとってどのような影響があるかを報告することを目的とした．県・市の教育委員会から各10名程度の大学生の募集があったので， 3・4年生を対象として募集した．募集に応じた学生は事前オリエンテーションを各教育委員会から受け，小中学校に4時間/1日，派遣された．派遣校教員と学生ボランティアへの面接，質問紙調査から「教室に支援の手と目が増えた(学習支援ボランティアがいることで子どもをみてくれる人が増え，支援してくれる人が増えた)」， 「子どもの反応から対応を考えるカがついた」などの評価が得られた．


A trial engagement of men of ability as a teaching stuff from the local community in the practical educational program for mutual creativity development

共創型授業における社会人活用の展開

徳島大学全学共通教育では，平成17 年度より地域の社会人を活用して体験を取り入れた共創型授業を行っている．『身近な福祉を見て・知って考えてみる』では，障害者福祉だけでなく，教育改革，生命倫理，太平洋戦争，日本国憲法など，幅広い視野から福祉を考える授業を，社会人を加えた共創型学習科目として実施している．通常の授業では，学生の側から意見を出し合うことには限界があるが，今回の共創型学習科目は，学生の側から出た意見を中心に，社会人を交えて討論する形で展開した．また，『「つたえること」と「ものづくり」―科学で遊ぼう―』，『「つたえること」と「ものづくり」―あいのメッセージ―』では，ものづくりを素材としたグループ学習を行い，必要に応じて社会人を含めた討論を行う形式の授業を行った．その結果，様々な項目において教員とは違った視点からの意見を学生から引き出す役割を社会人が担っていることがわかった．また，このような社会活用の効果を専門的人材の不足する開発途上国の教育においても有効であることを検証する目的で，ソロモン諸島国マライタ島の小学校において，現地の定年退職者などを活用した共創型授業を行った．その結果，児童たちだけではなく，教員や社会人自身にも良い刺激となり，地域社会に貢献できる新たな教育法であることが示された．


Self-evaluation of Ability on "Innovation and Creativity" Common Subjects in The University of Tokushima

徳島大学全学共通「創成学習」科目における能力自己評価

The University of Tokushima started to teach "creative-learning" subjects in all faculties in 2005 We are developing our original styles of lectures that are not limited by the conventional framework, with our concept of Self-oriented Classes We have administered questionnaires on quality assessment of teaching and have also surveyed our students to determine how they evaluate their own ability in an attempt to investigate educational effects of the teaching Students were asked to fill in the questionnaires at the very beginning of a class (referred to as "Before") and at the end of the class (referred to as "After") We analyzed their answers to investigate how much their abilities had developed Students were asked what ability they wanted to develop before the class and what ability they thought they had developed after the class These questions seek to help students identify their own educational purposes in attending the classes In this paper, we report our method of questionnaires and the results

徳島大学では創成学習科目を全学共通教育として平成17年度から開講している．「学生が自ら展開する授業」を掲げて，従来の授業形態の枠にとらわれない斬新な授業を展開している．従来から教育評価のアンケートが行われているが，その教育効果を調べる目的として，学生自身が自分の能力をどのように評価しているのかを調べるアンケートを行った．アンケートは，最初の授業の時(事前:Before)と最後の授業の時(事後:After)で実施した．アンケートの分析から，どの程度学生の能力が伸びたかを調べる．また，事前のアンケートでは「伸ばしたい能力」を答えさせている．事後のアンケートでは「伸びた能力」を答えさせている．学生自らが 授業の目標を明確にして取り組むことをアンケートの狙いとしている．アンケートの実施方法やそのアンケート結果について分析を行い，創成学習科目の教育効果についての検証を行う．

Journal of Japanese Society for Engineering Education


An employment of making handicrafts as an educational program for creativity development for first grade students in the course of liberal education of the University

「ものづくり」と大学初年次教養教育における創造力育成プログラム

学教育において，創造力の育成はきわめて重要な課題の一つである．とりわけ大学初年次の学生に創造力の基礎をつけるための科目をカリキュラムの中に組み入れることが必要である．平成17年度より徳島大学共通教育において，創成学習科目を導入し，創造力の育成ためのプログラム開発をおこなっている．創成学習「つたえること」と「ものづくり」では，「ものづくり」を通して，創造力の育成を目指している．受講生の評価は高いが，モチベーションの持続と発展という課題もある．「ものづくり」は，技術的な側面が取り上げられることが多いが，ここでは，「ものづくり」という素材が，教養教育にどのように生かすことが出来るかという観点から，その可能性と方向性ついて考察した．


Innovation of General Education for the Establishment of a Novel Gap-Sealing Course between High School and University --- The present Situation and Future Issues of the supplementary lessons in Sciences and Mathematics

徳島大学共通教育における高大接続のための改革 --- 理数科目の補習的授業の実施と課題-

Supplementary lessons in Mathematics and Sciences were introduced in the general education of Tokushima University from 2003 in order to seal the gap of fundamental studies between the courses of high school and University. The main purpose of these lessons is to cultivate the novel interests on these subjects for students themselves by using textbooks for high school students. The results of student evaluation survey revealed the potential needs of supplementary lessons in other subjects and reevaluation for crowded curriculum of sciences in the course of high school. A designed new curriculum is indispensable including supplementary lessons in other subjects for a coming society with fewer children in Japan. Establishment of systematic course of general education is needed including the fundamental studies by the teaching staff of the university. Further development of the supplementary lessons should be undertaken for students various in their understanding levels or interests.

平成15年度より，徳島大学共通教育において，高等学校の範囲で補習的授業を実施している．今回の補習的授業は，高等学校の数学，理科の科目の理解が不十分な学生に対して，基礎的理解を深めることを目的とした．また，点数をとるための勉強ではなく，そこに含まれる勉学の楽しさを体得するとともに，大学での教養科目や専門分野との関連において体系的な理解につなげることを目指してきた．受講生に対するアンケート調査の結果では，「補習的授業の充実を望む」や，「高等学校で履修できる科目を増やすべき」とする声が多かった．来るべき 大学全入時代に対応するために，共通教育のカリキュラム体系の見直しなどの改革が必須になっている．補習的授業に関しても，今後は数学，物理，生物以外の多様な科目で実施する必要がある．全国的に見て，高等学校の範囲の補習的授業を予備校などの外部に委託する大学も多いが，徳島大学では，大学教員による実施を柱としている．これは，高等学校の内容は，大学教育の中でも重要な基礎知識の礎であるため，補習的授業を共通教育の体系化の中に取り入れた系統的な教育体系を構築する上で，大学教員の担当が望ましいと考えられるためである．さらに学生の多様な学習レベルや目的に対して高大接続カリキュラムを組み入れることにより，大学全入時代に適合した共通教育のカリキュラムの全体像を構築する必要がある．

Journal of University Education Research


情報教育を創成学習の場にするためには? --- 初年度情報教育における徳島大学生物系学科の課題

We performed information and education for the first grade students of Department of Natural Sciences,School of Nutrition, School of Medicine and School of Dentistry of Tokushima University in the course ofbiological practice using Excel to create a novel worksheet useful for biological issue. We conduct ananonymous survey in the form of a questionnaire at the end of class in order to compare the motivation forlearning or understanding between the students of four departments. Students of the School of nutrition washighly motivated to study, whereas students of the school of medicine showed a decreased motivation forlearning because of the unclear usefulness even though they had an excellent understanding.徳島大学・総合科学部自然システム学科，医学部栄養学科，同医学科，歯学部歯学科の初年度の学生を対象に，生物学実験の科目のなかでエクセルを用いた初歩的な情報教育を実施した．生命科学に関するエクセルのワークシート作成を創作することを最終目標とした．実習の最後に無記名のアンケートを実施し，各学科の学生の学習姿勢や理解度，学習意欲などを比較した．その結果，栄養学科の学生は高い学習意欲を示したのに対し，医学科では理解力は高いものの将来の必要性が見えない課題に対しては消極的な姿勢が見られた．


Cellular expression of murine Ym1 and Ym2, chitinase family proteins, as revealed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry

Ym is one of the chitinase family proteins, which are widely distributed in mammalian bodies and can bind glycosaminoglycans such as heparin/heparan sulfate. Ym1 is a macrophage protein produced in parasitic infections, while its isoform, Ym2, is upregulated in lung under allergic conditions. In the present study, we revealed the distinct cellular expression of Ym1 and Ym2 in normal mice by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Ym1 was principally expressed in the lung, spleen, and bone marrow, while Ym2 was found in the stomach. Ym1-expressing cells in the lung were alveolar macrophages, and the immunoreactivity for Ym1 was localized in rough endoplasmic reticulum. In the spleen, Ym1-expressing cells gathered in the red pulp and were electron microscopically identified as immature neutrophils. In the bone marrow, immature neutrophils were intensely immunoreactive, but lost this immunoreactivity with maturation. Moreover, needle-shaped crystals in the cytoplasm of macrophages, which formed erythroblastic islands, also showed intense Ym1 immunoreactivity. Ym2 expression was restricted to the stratified squamous epithelium in the junctional region between forestomach and glandular stomach. The function of Ym1 and Ym2 is still unclear; however, the distinct cellular localization under normal conditions suggests their important roles in hematopoiesis, tissue remodeling, or immune responses as an endogenous lectin.


Superoxide-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in the transmission blocking of malaria

Superoxide plays a crucial role in innate immunity to various pathogens. We examined the role of superoxides in the transmission of malaria using gp91phox knockout (X-CGD) mice that lack the ability to produce superoxide. Mosquitoes that fed on X-CGD mice infected intraperitoneally with Plasmodium berghei NK65 ANKA formed more oocysts than did those that fed on control mice at any day after infection. The number of oocysts peaked on day 5 post-infection in X-CGD and control mice and then decreased significantly after day 5 post-infection. However, on day 7 post-infection, the infectivity of gametocytes in X-CGD mice was significantly higher than that in control mice. These results show that two pathways, superoxide-dependent and -independent, are involved in the host systems regulating the transmission of malaria and inhibiting gametocyte development.


The role of saliva of Anopheles stephensi in inflammatory response: Identification of a high molecular weight neutrophil chemotactic factor

Mosquito bites can elicit dermal hypersensitivity reactions, but little is known about the chemotactic factors for host leukocytes in mosquito saliva. In this study, we determined that saliva from a malarial vector mosquito, Anopheles stephensi, possesses intense neutrophil chemotactic activity. In contrast, the midgut extract had only marginal neutrophil chemotactic activity. Eosinophil chemotactic activity was detected in the midgut but not in the saliva. According to the results of size-exclusion HPLC on a G3000SW column and Western blot analysis, the apparent molecular weight (MW) of the main neutrophil chemotactic factor (NCF) was estimated to be 200 kDa. NCF could bind with IgG from the pooled serum of Solomon islanders, whereas not with that of healthy Japanese. NCF activity was increased upon heating to 56 degrees C for 30 min or protease digestion, whereas it was affected by periodate treatment. Protease-digested NCF and naive NCF bound to lentil lectin-Sepharose, and both were eluted with a competitive sugar, methyl-alpha-D-glucoside. These results indicate that A. stephensi saliva-derived NCF is a high MW glycoprotein, and its protein moiety is important for neutrophil chemotactic activity. This NCF is thought to contribute to the inflammatory reactions through the accumulation of neutrophils at the site of the mosquito bite.


Identification of a novel eosinophil chemotactic cytokine (ECF-L) as a chitinase family protein

A novel eosinophil chemotactic cytokine (ECF-L) was purified from the culture supernatant of splenocytes of mice by a combination of anion-exchange chromatography, Procion red-agarose affinity chromatography, size exclusion high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and reverse phase HPLC. The NH(2)-terminal amino acid sequence was determined by direct protein sequencing. An ECF-L cDNA clone of 1,506 nucleotides was isolated from a cDNA library, and the nucleotide sequence predicted a mature protein of 397 amino acids. A recombinant ECF-L showed a level of eosinophil chemotactic activity comparable with that of natural ECF-L, and the activity was inhibited by a monoclonal antibody to ECF-L. ECF-L also attracted T lymphocytes and bone marrow polymorphonuclear leukocytes in vitro, whereas it caused selective extravasation of eosinophils in vivo. ECF-L mRNA was highly expressed in spleen, bone marrow, lung, and heart. A comprehensive GenBank data base search revealed that ECF-L is a chitinase family protein. ECF-L retains those amino acids highly conserved among chitinase family proteins, but Asp and Glu residues essential for the proton donation in hydrolysis were replaced by Asn and Gln, respectively. Although ECF-L contains a consensus CXC sequence near the NH(2) terminus akin to chemokine family proteins, the rest of ECF-L shows poor homology with chemokines.


IgE response in schistosomiasis japonica: characterization of a cercarial allergen in comparison with purified egg allergens.

The relationship between the cercarial allergen and two previously isolated egg allergens (J1, J2) of Schistosoma japonicum was examined especially in terms of the cross-reactivity between them. Semi-purified cercarial allergen (JAC) was obtained from the crude extract of S. japonicum cercariae by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The apparent molecular weight of JAC was estimated approximately as 60-100 kDa. JAC could bind to Con A-Sepharose, indicating its glycoprotein nature. Three groups of BALB/c mice were immunized with JAC , J1 or J2 using A1(OH)3 as adjuvant, and the cross-reactivity of each anti-serum was examined by PCA. Anti-JAC, anti-J1 or anti-J2 serum was highly specific to the corresponding antigen. When IgE-ELISA of S. japonicum patient sera was performed using JAC, J1 or J2 as an antigen, the correlation between anti-J1 and anti-J2 (r = 0.78) was high, whereas the correlation between anti-JAC and anti-J1 (r = 0.27) or between anti-JAC and anti-J2 (r = 0.12) was low. These results suggest that most IgE epitopes on cercarial allergen are independent from those on egg allergens in S. japonicum.


Identification of a neutrophil chemotactic factor from Tritrichomonas foetus as superoxide dismutase Molecular and Biochemcal Parasitology


Identification of novel eosinophil chemotactic peptides derived from Dirofilaria immitis


Temporary appearance of a circulating granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in lethal murine malaria

Infection of mice with Plasmodium berghei engendered a temporary appearance of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the serum. The peak of GM-CSF levels was detected at day 2 post-infection, and then gradually decreased. On the other hand, the number of committed stem cells for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM) in bone marrow transiently decreased at day 2 post-infection, and then increased and peaked at day 6 post-infection. When the serum of P. berghei-infected mice was fractionated by gel chromatography on Sephacryl S-300, GM-CSF activity was detected as a single peak with an apparent molecular weight of 64 KDa. GM-CSF was entirely adsorbed to concanavalin A-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography, and was sensitive to pronase digestion, indicating its glycoprotein nature. These results suggest that the circulating GM-CSF would contribute the increase of granulocyte-macrophage hemopoiesis in the early phase of malaria.

The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health


Kinetic study of eosinophil chemotactic factor production with reference to eosinophilia and granuloma formation in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum


Stress downregulates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) but permits activation and localization of V 8.2+ T cells.


Human cord blood lymphocytes reactive to Schistosoma japonicum soluble egg antigen


Isolation and characterization of a neutrophil chemotactic factor from Tritrichomonas foetus organisms

A neutrophil chemotactic factor (TfNCF) was isolated from the crude extract of Tritrichomonas foetus organisms by a combination of anion-exchange chromatography on DE52 and gel filtration on Sephacryl S200. TfNCF showed homogenicity by both PAGE and SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of TfNCF was estimated to be 22 and 24 kDa, by Sephacryl S200 gel chromatography and by SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions. Immunization of TfNCF caused almost complete protection against T. foetus infection in mice. Western blot analysis probed with anti-TfNCF antibody showed that the epitopes on TfNCF were not commonly shared on the other components of T. foetus organisms nor other helminthous parasite-derived components. Furthermore, pre-incubation of neutrophils with antigens of other helminthous parasites or N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine did not affect the neutrophil chemotactic activity for TfNCF. These results suggest that TfNCF is a novel NCF consisting of unique epitopes for both antigenicity and neutrophil chemotactic activity. The role of NCF in the initiation of the immune response is discussed.


Depressed specific and nonspecific immune responses in secondary Brugia pahangi infection in jirds

The immune responsiveness to specific antigens or mitogens was examined in jirds after primary and secondary infections with Brugia pahangi. When spleen cells were obtained from secondarily infected jirds, their proliferative responses to mitogens such as Con A or LPS, or to specific antigens prepared from infective larvae or adult worms were significantly lower than those of spleen cells obtained from primarily infected jirds. The proliferative responses of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from animals undergoing primary and secondary infections also showed a similar tendency. The depressed proliferative responses of the secondary infected spleen cells to Con A or LPS was partially restored by removing adherent/phagocytic cells from the original cell populations. After deletion of the adherent cells, however, antigen-specific proliferative responses were not altered and remained at low level. These results suggest that at least two different mechanisms of depression, namely adherent cell-mediated antigen-nonspecific suppression and unresponsiveness of lymphocytes to filarial antigens, are induced in jirds in the secondary infection.


Current Topics in Veterinary Research 1, Molecular characterization of leukocyte chemotactic factors derived from parasites.


Helminthology, Host responses to helminths with emphasis on eosinophils and mast cells.


Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel neutrophil chemotactic factor from a filarial parasite


Parasite-specific IgE and IgG levels in the serum and pleural effusion of paragonimiasis westermani patient

In seven patients with paragonimiasis westermani, parasite-specific IgE and IgG levels in sera and pleural effusion were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The sensitivity to adult excretory-secretory (E-S) antigen was compared with the sensitivity to whole worm extract antigen, and the former was more sensitive in both an IgE-ELISA and IgG-ELISA. Both parasite-specific IgE and IgG could be detected by ELISA at levels much higher than those in control subjects using E-S antigen. When specific IgE and IgG levels in sera and pleural effusion of individual patients were compared, the latter had higher values. The difference between levels of specific IgE in pleural effusion and serum did not correlate with that of specific IgG. These results indicate that specific IgE and IgG antibodies form locally, i.e., in the lung, and that pleural effusions from patients with paragonimiasis are more suitable than serum for immunodiagnosis.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene


Appearance of adherent cells suppressive to erythropoiesis during early stage of Plasmodium berghei infection in mice

We examined the effect of adherent cells from bone marrow or spleen of mice infected with Plasmodium berghei on dyserythropoiesis. Significant reduction in number of erythroid progenitors (erythroid colony-forming units: CFU-E and erythroid burst-forming units: BFU-E) was observed in bone marrow as early as 1 day after P. berghei infection. When adherent cells were removed from bone marrow or spleen cells of infected mice, the number of CFU-E and BFU-E was clearly increased. Furthermore, addition of adherent cells from infected mice to nonadherent cells from normal mice inhibited erythroid colony formation significantly in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the adherent cells obtained from bone marrow or spleen of mice in the early stage of P. berghei-infection have a suppressive effect on erythropoiesis.


A comparative study of the kinetic changes of hemopoietic stem cells in mice infected with lethal and nonlethal malaria


Suscepbility of multipotent hemopoietic stem cell-deficient W/Wv mice to Plasmodium berghei-infection

The susceptibility of haemopoietic stem cell deficient W/Wv mice to infection with Plasmodium berghei was examined. The mean survival time of W/Wv mice after the infection was shorter than that of the +/+ mice. Splenomegaly, a characteristic pathological change of the host after infection with malaria parasites was not observed in W/Wv mice. When haemopoietic activity of the infected mice was examined, a substantial increase in number of multipotent haemopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) and the committed stem cells for granulocytes and macrophages (CFU-GM) or for erythrocytes (CFU-E) was observed in the bone marrow and spleen of +/+ but not of W/Wv mice. CFU-S were not detected in W/Wv mice before or after infection. The number of CFU-GM and CFU-E in bone marrow and spleen of W/Wv mice decreased after infection. Bone marrow grafting from +/+ to W/Wv mice 8 weeks before infection prolonged the mean survival time of the mice and effectively restored the number of CFU-S in the spleen of W/Wv mice. These results indicate that multi-potent haemopoietic stem cells play an important role in the host's defence mechanisms against P. berghei-infection.


Trichomonas foetus 感染における好中球集積機構と虫体由来の好中球遊走因子


Hepatic eosinophilopoiesis from multipotent hemopoietic stem cells in Toxocara canis-infected mice


The localization of allergens of Paragonimus westermani by pleural exudates from patients


Effects of Toxocara canis-infection on hemopoietic stem cells and hemopoietic factors in mice

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology


Bone marrow and spleen cell colony formation in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum


Extramedullar eosinophilopoiesis in the liver of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice with reference stem cells

Extramedullary hemopoiesis recognized as hemopoietic foci increased in the liver of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice in parallel with kinetic changes in periovular granuloma formation. At the peak of the response, about 65% of the hepatic hemopoietic foci were of eosinophil lineage. When S. japonicum-infected mice were irradiated, hepatic hemopoietic foci rapidly disappeared within 3 days, whereas inflammatory cells in the periovular granulomas slowly reduced in number. When the number of hemopoietic stem cells in the liver were examined by spleen-colony assay, kinetic changes in the number of hemopoietic stem cells in hepatic nonparenchymal cells paralleled those of hepatic hemopoietic foci. Hemopoietic stem cells were rare in the granuloma cells. These results indicate that in response to the increased demand for eosinophils and other inflammatory cells, the liver acts as an extramedullary hemopoietic organ in which inflammatory cells are generated from hemopoietic stem cells.


Mechanisms of eosinophil accumulation around eggs of Schistosoma japonicum: role of two purified components, allergen and eosinophil chemotactic factor, from soluble egg antigens measured on sensitized guinea pig skin

Mechanisms of eosinophil response induced by soluble egg antigen (SEA) in Schistosoma japonicum-infected guinea pig tissues were analyzed using two purified components of SEA: major allergenic components (JEAL) and a major eosinophil chemotactic component (ECF-SjE). Eosinophil response to the crude SEA of S. japonicum was detected at the injection site mainly at 2-8 h after the antigenic challenge; this response consisted of two different phases of eosinophil attraction. An early phase (2 h) was mediated by an immediate-type hypersensitivity reaction; JEAL played an important role in mediating this phase of eosinophil response. A late phase (8 h) was mediated by ECF-SjE. Therefore, this phase of eosinophil response was caused by direct eosinophilotactic activity of SEA. These two types of eosinophil response must be important processes in the formation of S. japonicum egg-associated eosinophilic granuloma.


Importance of mast-cell-derived eosinophil chemotactic factor A on granuloma formation in murine schistosomiasis japonica: Evaluation using mast-cell-deficient W/Wv mice


Nonspecific immune suppression by CD8+ T cells in Brugia pahangi-infected rats


A comparative study on eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities of various helminth parasites


Clonal modulation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by a monoclonal antibody directed to T cell receptor

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences


Susceptibility of W/Wv mice to murine cytomegalovirus infection


Protection from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis conferred by a monoclonal antibody directed against a shared idiotype on rat T cell receptors specific for myelin basic protein


Leukocyte accumulation in sparganosis: Further characterization of an eosinophil chemotactic factor of the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei


Granulomatous response in congenitally IgE-deficient SJA/9 mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum


Collaborative study on antigens for immunodiagnosis of Schistosoma japonicum infection


Eosinophil response in mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology


Isolation of two immunogenically different allergens from Schistosoma japonicum eggs


Reactivity of two major allergens isolated from Schistosoma japonicum eggs against IgE and IgG antibodies in human serum


Eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine produced by spleen cells of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice. II. Physicochemical heterogeneity of eosinophil chemotactic lymphokines selective to bone marrow- or peritoneal exudate-eosinophils


Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor enhances the production of eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine by egg-associated granulomas of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice


Eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine produced by spleen cells of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice. III. Isolation and characterization of two distinctive eosinophil chemotactic lymphokines directed against different maturation stages of eosinophils


Detection of high molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor in the serum of murine schistosomiasis

Eosinophil chemotactic activity in sera from mice undergoing an acute stage of schistosomiasis japonica and mansoni was examined. Eosinophilotactic activity in the serum was dependent on the dose and time of infection. Eosinophilotactic activity in sera from S. japonicum-infected mice was higher than that from S. mansoni-infected mice when they were compared at the comparable dose and time of infection. After gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200, eosinophilotactic activity in sera from mice infected with 30 cercariae of S. japonicum for 5 weeks was detected in the high molecular weight component. On the other hand, when sera from mice infected with 30 cercariae of S. japonicum for 8 weeks was chromatographed through Sephadex G-200 columns, eosinophilotactic activity was segregated into high (greater than 455,000) and low (less than 13,000) molecular weight components. High molecular weight ECF in sera from mice infected with 30 cercariae of S. japonicum for 8 weeks had high affinity to Con A, and was stable to heating or pronase digestion, but was sensitive to periodate oxidation, indicating its polysaccharide or glycoprotein nature. This high molecular weight ECF could be adsorbed by, and eluted from immunoaffinity beads coated with rabbit IgG anti-S. japonicum adult worm antibody. Thus, at least some part of circulating high molecular weight ECF would be derived from adult parasites.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene


Partial purification and characterization of eosinophil chemotactic factors from soluble extract of Fasciola species.


Low molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) in the serum of murine schistosomiasis japonica.


Eosinophil chemotactic factor-release from guinea-pig neutrophils after in vitro stimulation with Strongyloides ratti larvae.


Chemotactic reactivity of eosinophils obtained from bone marrow and peritoneal cavity of cyclophosphamide-treated, Toxocara canis-infected mice.


Chemotactic activity of soluble extract of Schistosoma japonicum eggs for human and monkey eosinophils


Purification and physicochemical characterization of Schistosoma mansoni egg allergen recognized by mouse sera obtained at an acute stage of infection


Clearance of passively transferred IgE antibody from peripheral blood of mast cell-deficient W/Wv mice


Purification and characterization of a neutrophil chemotactic factor from Dirofilaria immitis


Eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine produced by egg-associated granulomas of murine schistosomiasis japonica


Eosinophil chemotactic lymphokine produced by spleen cells of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology


In vitro and in vivo induction of neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic responses by Schistosoma japonicum cercaria.

High neutrophil and eosinophil chemotactic activities of soluble extract of Schistosoma japonicum cercariae (SjCe-ext) were detected in vitro by using blind-well chemotaxis chambers and Millipore filters in a dose-dependent manner. Low doses (total of 0.25 and 2.5 micrograms) of SjCe-ext induced significant neutrophilic infiltrations in normal and S. japonicum-infected (8 week) guinea pig tissues beginning at 2 hr after the intradermal injection. Eosinophilic responses were observed in the infected animals especially in early phase (2-8 hr post-injection of SjCe-ext). SjCe-ext elicited strong immediate skin reactions (at 30 min) in the infected guinea pigs. Possible roles of these chemotactic activities and hypersensitivity reaction in S. japonicum infection are discussed.


Neutrophilic nodules in the intestinal walls of japanese monkeys associated with the neutrophil chemotactic activity of larval extracts and secretions of Oesophagostomum aculeatum.


Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in the sera of Schistosoma japonicum-infected mice.


Schistosoma japonicum: Identification and characterization of neutrophil chemotactic factors from egg antigen.


Isolation of Schistosoma japonicum egg-derived neutroH8il stimulating factor: Its role on eosinophil chemotactic factor release from neutrophils.


Leucocyte accumulation in sparganosis: demonstration of eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors from the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei in vivo and in vitro.

In order to determine whether the plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei itself has eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors, in vivo and in vitro examinations were carried out. We could observe large numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils which accumulated at the injection site of normal guinea pig skin following intradermal injection of soluble extract of plerocercoids of S. erinacei. At 1 hour after the injection, neutrophils appeared at the site, and the cell number reached its peak at 4 hours. Eosinophils appeared rather later than neutrophils (at 2-4 hours), and the number of cells reached its peak at 8 hours after the injection. Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities were also confirmed in an in vitro system by using a blind-well chemotaxis chamber with a Millipore filter in dose dependent fashion. An eosinophil chemotactic factor (ECF) with molecular weight of approximately 15,000, and two different neutrophil chemotactic factors, one of about same molecular weight as the ECF and the other of low molecular weight, were demonstrated by gel filtration on Sephadex G-200. Furthermore, it was confirmed that those factors were released from parasite by the detection of intensive eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities in the culture supernatants containing plerocercoids.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene


Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic activities of adult worm extracts of Schistosoma japonicum in vivo and in vitro.


Eosinophil chemotactic factor in schistosome eggs: A comparative study of eosinophil chemotactic factors in the eggs of Schistosoma japonicum and S. mansoni in vitro.

Significant chemotactic activity for eosinophils was detected in soluble egg antigen (SEA) preparations of both Schistosoma japonicum and S. mansoni in dose-dependent fashion. The activity of S. japonicum SEA was higher than that of S. mansoni SEA. Gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 showed that S. japonicum SEA was composed of two groups of eosinophil chemotactic factors (ECFs), one of high molecular weight (JEE-H) and the other of low molecular weight (JEE-L). S. mansoni SEA showed ECF composition similar to that of S. japonicum SEA. JEE-H was stable on heating (100 degrees C, 60 min) and resistant to pronase digestion, but was sensitive to periodate oxidation. JEE-L was also stable on heating and resistant to pronase and carboxypeptidase A digestions. These properties of the ECFs were also held in common with those of S. mansoni SEA. JEE-L was extractable by toluene, indicating a hydrophobic nature. These results suggest that schistosome eggs themselves contain ECFs, and that the composition of S. mansoni and S. japonicum SEA-derived ECFs is essentially the same. However, they differ from the other ECFs which have already been described in schistosome infections.


Purification and characterization of a high molecular weight eosinophil chemotactic factor from Schistosoma japonicum eggs.


Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with egg antigens of Schistosoma japonicum.


Schistosoma japonicum: Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to egg antigen in human and rodents.


Fractionation and characterization of allergens extracted from eggs of Schistosoma japonicum.

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology


ヘビアメーバとゾウガメアメーバの毒蛇 --- ハブに対する感染実験について

ヘビアメーバとゾウガメアメーバの毒蛇 --- ハブに対する感染実験について


Interactions of calcium ions with carbohydrates: crystal structure of calcium DL-glycerate dehydrate.

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan


Structure of lanthanoid complexes of glyceric acid, gluconic acid, and lactobionic acid from the lanthanoid induced 1H NMR shifts: pH dependence of the lanthanoid-substrate equilibria.


1979. The crystal structure of 2:1 tetrapropylammonium guanidinium bromide complex.


The crystal structure of 2:1 tetrabutylammonium guanidinium bromide complex, [N(C3H7)4)+2[C(NH2)3]+Br-3.


The crystal structure of tetrabutylammonium guanidinium bromide monohydrate complex, [N(C4H9)4]+[C(NH2)3]+ Br-2 H2O.


Bacterial analysis and exploration of thermophiles in Mongolian animal dungs

1Proceedings of 1th Asian Symposium on Microbial Ecology(ASME2019)


共生社会を支える教養教育の可能性Ⅰ-パフォーマティブ・ラーニングを導入する-

共生社会を支える教養教育の可能性Ⅰ-パフォーマティブ・ラーニングを導入する-

Kiyo. International Center, The University of Tokushima

徳島大学国際センター紀要


Phylogenetic analysis of bacteria from Mongolian animal milks and their dairy products by clone library method

Proceedings of 15th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology(ISME15)


Linguistic landscapes of the famous tourist spots of Qingdao city in China

Regional Science Research, the University of Tokushima


Study on linguistic landscapes of the public transportation facilities of Qingdao city in China

Globalization trends will change the people's mind for traveling beyond the national boundary for economic and cultural activities. Such trends thus affect the linguistic landscape of the traveling spots in the world-wide. In the present study, we studied the linguistic landscape of the public transportation facilities of Qingdao city where the government nominated it as one of the 10 newly developing areas in China. The survey results indicate that most of the signs of lobbie for international passengers in Qingdao Liuting International Airport were indicated by multiple languages including Japanese and Korean, whereas signs of the parking area are indicated mainly by Chinese. The signs of the Qingdao railroad station were also indicated by English or appropriate figures in addition to the Chinese. More than 60% of the sings in the facilities of the long distance bus terminal were indicated by English in addition to Chinese, whereas that in the bus terminal for undersea tunnel that connects between Qingdao and Huangdao area was indicated mainly by figures of universal design. The signs of those facilities should be innovated by replacing with multi-linguistic signs. and/or figures for visiting foreigners as soon as possible.


交流と対話を通した学内の連携を考える-「異文化交流の体験から何を学ぶのか」と「日本事情Ⅳ」の連携

2011年後期より現在(2012年後期)まで徳島大学共通教育にて開講している「日本事情IV」と「異文化交流の体験から何を学ぶのか」の二つの授業を教師の連携によって実施した．留学生と日本人学生(社会人も含む)の協同学習(Peer learning)を実施するにあたって，互いの目的とその達成を確認しながら授業デザインを振り返り，この取り組みとその意義を確認することが可能となった．言い換えれば両者の協同学習を進めるための教師の協働を評価する試みである．教師の連携による授業の実施には，従来とは違った方法や内容の工夫等が，またそれぞれの学習者に対する目標の確認とそれらが達成されたかの検証が必要となった．この授業に関わった学生らの評価と教師の評価をもとに，今大学において必要とされる教育とは何か，そしてそれを具現化する内容とその方法を考えたものである．同時にFD活動として，教師の協働に対する示唆も行いたい．(本稿では2011年後期の実施内容を分析及び考察する．)

徳島大学国際センター紀要


FD activity for a general educational program facilitated by a community for learning composed of students --- Meaning as UD (University Development) activity

学生・職員・教員参加型の教養教育FD活動 --- UD(University Development)活動としての意義

FD活動は，学士課程で平成20年度よりその実施が義務化された．その背景には長期的な少子化の流れの中で大学のユニバーサル化の時代を迎え，多様な個性を持った学生を受け入れながらも大学教育の質を確保し，これまで以上に教養と専門性を身につけた優れた人材の育成が求められていることある．そのため教養教育におけるFD活動を捉え直し，教育研究としての体系化を図ることは，変革を迫られる大学教育にとって重要な位置づけになるといえるだろう．本稿では，最近の教養教育における徳島大学FD活動の取組を検証し，学生・職員・教員によるFD活動への自主的参加の意義と，それらの活動がどのように大学教育の発展としての原動力になるかを考察する．

Journal of University Education Research


大学教育改革と教養教育 --- 地域社会人活用による知の循環型社会構築に向けて

大学教育改革と教養教育 --- 地域社会人活用による知の循環型社会構築に向けて

地域に知の循環型社会を構築することが，少子高齢化の時代を迎えた今日の重要な課題とされている．徳島大学全学共通教育では，今年度から社会性形成科目群を新設した．また，徳島市周辺に在住している地域の社会人の中から，大学教育に造詣の深い方々を大学教育ボランティア(全学共通教育公開授業受講生)として募集し，社会性形成科目群の共創型学習の幾つかの授業に参加していただいた．これらの授業の中で，社会人の参画により，学生のコミュニケーションが円滑に図られる効果があることが明らかになった．また，地域社会人は教員とは異なった視点から意見を述べることが出来るために，新たな視点から授業の展開が出来ることがわかった．学士課程構築を迫られる大学教育の中で，教養科目も変革を迫られている．本稿では，地域社会人が大学教育に関わることの意義と，地域社会人が教養教育を中心とした大学教育改革において，どのような形で貢献しうるのかについて考察する．


University and High school cooperation project-A report from experience-based study program of high school students in the laboratory of the university-

高大連携事業「高校生の大学研究室への体験入学型学習プログラム」の実施報告


A practical training in enveronmental education for traversal thinking of a nature and historical heritage of headstream of Yoshino river;a educational significance of environmental education for symbiosis --- 現代GP「豊穣な吉野川を持続可能とする共生環境教育」の一環として

現代GP体験ゼミ 吉野川源流の自然と文化を見て・知って・考えてみる --- 現代GP「豊穣な吉野川を持続可能とする共生環境教育」の一環として


Innovative and Creative Learning Activities "Communication" and "Creation"

創成学習「つたえること」と「ものづくり」

2005年度より，徳島大学全学共通教育の教養科目群にて，創成学習形式が開始された．2005年度は11の創成学習の授業が提供されたが，この報告においてはそのひとつ『創成学習「つたえること」と「ものづくり」』における実践として，最初の6週に行った『割れないたまご容器の作成』の概要および成果について報告し，今後の展望について考察する．


Comparative study on the primary structure of globin chains of the extracellular giant hemoglobin from the polychaet Perinereis aibuhitensis and Tylonrrhynchus heterochaetus

Natural Science Research, Faculty of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima

徳島大学総合科学部自然科学研究


公開講座TAとしてのボランティア学生参加の試み --- 初心者向け情報系公開講座における意義

徳島大学大学開放実践センター紀要


Heterogeneity of eosinophil chemotactic factors produced by splenic T cells of Schistosoma-japonicum-infected mice


Production of eosinophil chemotactic factor by CD8+ T-cells in Toxocara canis-infected mice.

Production of eosinophil chemotactic factor by T-lymphocytes (ECF-L) was examined in Toxocara canis-infected mice. When spleen cells from T. canis-infected mice were cultured in serum-free RPMI1640, ECF-L production was detectable in an antigen-specific manner. The ECF-L production peaked at day 9 post-infection and then decreased. Depletion of Thy 1.2+ cells or CD8+ cells completely abrogated ECF-L production, whereas depletion of CD4+ cells did not, indicating that CD8+ T-cells are involved in the production of ECF-L. When bone marrow eosinophils obtained from T. canis-infected mice were preincubated with ECF-L, their chemotactic reactivity to parasite-derived ECFs was enhanced, whereas that of peritoneal cavity-derived eosinophils was not. Thus, ECF-L seems to be important not only as a chemoattractant but also as an activator of the chemotactic reactivity of naive eosinophils to the parasite-derived ECF in T. canis infection.