type: misc

label: url

en: リゾホスファチジン酸濃縮食品の開発に関する基礎研究

ja: リゾホスファチジン酸濃縮食品の開発に関する基礎研究

en: ニューフードインダストリー

ja: ニューフードインダストリー


en: Physiological role of lysophosphatidic acid and its relevance to diseases

ja: リゾホスファチジン酸の生理学的役割および疾患との関連

en: Seikagaku

ja: 生化学


en: 生殖器官におけるリゾ脂質メディエーターの役割

ja: 生殖器官におけるリゾ脂質メディエーターの役割

en: The Cell

ja: 細胞


en: Phosphodiesterases that extracellularly produces a lysolipid mediator

ja: 細胞外でリゾ脂質メディエーターを産生するホスホジエステラーゼ


en: リゾホスファチジン酸による肥満亢進抑制作用

ja: リゾホスファチジン酸による肥満亢進抑制作用

en: Vitamins

ja: ビタミン


en: Metabolic pathways and physiological and pathophysiological significances of lysolipid phosphate mediators

en: Lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate are structurally simple and physiologically very important lysophospholipids. Because they possess distinct structural backbones (glycerol and sphingosine, respectively), there are different metabolic pathways for their intracellular production. Recently, several key enzymes that produce or degrade these lysolipid phosphate mediators extracellularly have been characterized. This review focuses on the physiological and pathophysiological significances of the extracellular metabolic pathways involving recently characterized exo-type lysophospholipase D, ecto-type phospholipase A, and ecto-type lipid phosphate phosphatase.

en: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry

ja: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry


en: Enhancement of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Generations by α-Tocopheryl Succinate and Its Apoptotic and Anticancer Effects

en: Tocopheryl succinate (TS), a succinyl ester of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T), has been reported to have various biological activities. In this communication, we review the current findings about TS including our recent studies of its effects on nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (O2-) generations implicated in cancer and atherosclerosis. First, we investigated the effect of TS on NO production in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) under atherosclerosis-like conditions using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-gamma (IFN). TS enhanced LPS/IFN-dependent NO production, but alpha-T itself did not. The enhancement by TS of NO production was inhibited by alpha-T but not by antioxidants such as ascorbic acid and 2[3]-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole (BHA). TS enhanced the amount of protein kinase Calpha (PKCalpha) in VSMC, and PKC inhibitors inhibited TS-enhanced NO production, suggesting that the enhancing effect of TS on NO production is caused by up-regulation of PKC. Second, we found that TS induced apoptosis in VSMC associated with increase in O2- generation via NADPH-dependent oxidase. We further observed that a mouse breast cancer cell line C127I was more susceptible for TS-induced apoptosis than a mouse breast normal cell line NmuMG, and that superoxide dismutase, alpha-T, and BHA inhibited TS-caused morphological cell damage in C127I. From these results, O2- itself and/or other reactive oxygen species are assumed to associate with TS-induced cell toxicity, and antioxidative defense systems are supposed to be lowered in cancer cells. Finally, we found that intravenous injection of TS vesicles completely inhibited the growth of melanoma cells B16-F1 inoculated on the back of hairless mice and enhanced their survival time.

en: Biochemistry (Moscow)

ja: Biochemistry (Moscow)


en: 喫煙が血液中で悪玉酸化リン脂質をつくる

ja: 喫煙が血液中で悪玉酸化リン脂質をつくる


en: Generation of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-like phospholipids in blood circulation under elevated oxidative stress:its pathological significance on atherosclerosis

en: Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition


en: Examination by GC/MS of Mechanism for Production of Phospholipid Mediators

ja: GC/MS によるリン脂質メディエーター産生機構の解析

en: Structures of phosphatidylcholines having an oxidatively shortened fatty acyl group resemble that of the platelet-activating factor (PAF), a chemical mediator of inflammation, and therefore they are classified as PAF-like lipids. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry has been utilized for analysis of the class, subclass and molecular species compositions of PAF-like lipids, providing usefel informations on mechanisms of their formation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was also found to be useful for the determination of lysophosphatidic acid, a growth factor in animal plasma, and clarification of mechanisms of its formation.

en: Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan


en: Physiological and pathophysiological roles of lysophosphatidic acid produced by secretory lysophospholipase D in body fluids

en: Recently, a family of phospholipid mediators has received much attention because of its variety of biological activities. Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a central member of the phospholipid autacoid family that exerts diverse effects through binding to and activation of several specific receptors coupled to G-proteins. In accordance with its function as a receptor agonist, there are pathways for extracellular generation of LPA in vivo. One pathway involves a novel lysophospholipase D activity that was originally found in rat plasma. LPA is also produced in significant amounts after incubation of various plasma-derived body fluids such as human follicular fluid at 25-37 degrees C. In animal models, LPA was shown to stimulate oocyte maturation, embryonic development and transport in the oviduct. An increase in serum lysophospholipase D activity was observed during pregnancy in human. These results suggest that LPA generated by lysophospholipase D is likely to play an important role in reproductive biology. LPA produced by lysophospholipase D activity in body fluids has also been observed under pathophysiological conditions: serum and ascitic fluid from ovarian cancer patients and serum from hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Hence, excess generation of LPA by lysophospholipase D activity in body fluids has been suggested to be relevant to the pathogenesis of cancer and atherosclerosis.

en: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids


en: 喫煙が血液中で悪玉リン脂質をつくるー動脈硬化との関連ー

ja: 喫煙が血液中で悪玉リン脂質をつくるー動脈硬化との関連ー

en: 日本薬学会 第122年会講演ハイライト

ja: 日本薬学会 第122年会講演ハイライト


en: Kinetics and Dynamics of α-Tocopherol and Carotenoids for Deactivating Singlet Oxygen in Phospholipid Membranes

ja: α-トコフェロールおよびカロテノイドのリン脂質膜における存在様態と一重項酸素不活化反応のキネティクス

en: The singlet oxygen (^1O_2) deactivating rate constants (k_s) of α-tocopherol (α-Toc) and carotenoids such as β-carotene, astaxanthin and canthaxanthin and their inhibiting activities for ^1O_2-dependentlipid peroxidation (IC_50' that is, the concentration required for 50% inhibition of lipid peroxidation) were investigated in liposomes and compared to those in EtOH solution. Liposomes were prepared from dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine to measure the k_s and egg yolk phosphatidylcholine to measure the IC_50 values. ^1O_2 was generated by photoirradiation using three photosensitizers, Rose bengal and methylene blue, which generate ^1O_2 at the membrane surface or in bulk water, and 2-(1-pyrene) dodecanoic acid, which generates ^1O_2 in the membrane hydrophobic inner region. The k_s and IC_50 values were determined in membranes considering the following two points: (1) antioxidants exist in membranes and their active moieties are distributed in different regions of membranes at different concentrations; (2) dynamics of ^1O_2 in membranes (generation site of ^1O_2 depending on the localization of photosensitizer in membranes, and solubility of ^1O_2 which differs in the site of membranes). In conclusion, the following three factors are experimentally confirmed to be important for the consideration of ^1O_2 deactivating activities of α-Toc and carotenoids in membranes:(1) the concentration of antioxidants (EtOH solution < membrane), especially the local concentration of their active moieties in membranes (in the case of OH-group of α-Toc, 0%, 50-60%, and 40-50% at polar zone, hydrogen belt, and hydrophobic core, respectively, of the membranes); (2) the mobility of antioxidants (EtOH solution > membrane), the mobility of membrane phospholipid (liquid crystalline state > gel state), the mobility of antioxidants in membranes (antioxidants located at one half of the bilayer membrane such as α-tocopherol > antioxidants located across the bilayer such as β-carotene; antioxidants interactive with polar head group of lipid in membrane such as astaxanthin < antioxidants nointeractive with polar head group of lipid in membrane such as β-carotene), and the local mobility of their active moieties (in case of OH-group of α-Toc, membrane surface < membrane inner region); (3) the dielectric constant (micropolarity) at the domains in membranes, that is higher in membrane surface than in membrane inner region, where the active moieties of antioxidants deactivate ^1O_2 (in case of α-Toc, reactivity is high in the solution with high dielectric constant).


en: リン脂質過酸化の二次生成物が特異的受容体に作用して動脈硬化の進展に寄与する

ja: リン脂質過酸化の二次生成物が特異的受容体に作用して動脈硬化の進展に寄与する

en: Vitamins


en: Platelet-activating factor (PAF)- like oxidized phospholipids: relevance to atherosclerosis

en: Lipid peroxidation is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases including atherosclerosis. Oxidized lipoprotein has diverse biological activities and is believed to initiate atheroma formation and maturate fatty plaque. The active components of oxidized lipoproteins still remain to be clarified, but a likely candidate is the phosphatidylcholine (PC) having an sn-2-short-chain acyl group with a methyl, hydroxyl, aldehydic or carboxylic terminal. These unique PCs, formed by oxidative fragmentation of the polyunsaturated acyl group of the parent PC in liposomes, low density lipoproteins and blood plasma, induce platelet aggregation through the activation of the receptor for platelet-activating factor (PAF), due to their resemblance in structure with PAF. We have found that PAF-like lipids regulate DNA synthesis and production of nitric oxide independently of the activation of the PAF receptor in vascular smooth muscle cells. Regulation of vascular cell function through two distinct signaling pathways mediated by PAF-like lipids provides new insight into the mechanism of induction of atherosclerosis.

en: BioFactors

ja: BioFactors


en: A family of phospholipid autacoids: occurrence, metabolism and bioactions

en: Progress in Lipid Research

ja: Progress in Lipid Research


en: 脂質過酸化と新規生理活性リン脂質

ja: 脂質過酸化と新規生理活性リン脂質

en: Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan

ja: 日本農藝化學會誌


en: Characterization of PAF-like phospholipids formed by lipid peroxidation

en: Journal of Lipid Mediators and Cell Signalling


en: 血小板活性化因子(PAF)

ja: 血小板活性化因子(PAF)

en: New Horizon for Medicine

ja: 現代医療


en: Formation of PAF-like compounds by peroxidation of phospholipids from bovine brain

en: This short review describes the identification by mass spectrometry of phospholipids having an sn-2-short-chain monocarboxylate, dicarboxylate or omega-hydroxycarboxylate group in a fraction with PAF-like activity from a bovine brain lipid extract. The similar molecular heterogeneities of these unique phospholipids suggest that they are formed via a common mechanism, possibly peroxidation of membrane phosphatidylcholines. This possibility is supported by the finding that these PAF-like compounds were actually formed during peroxidation of synthetic phosphatidylcholines induced by Fe2+/ascorbate/EDTA.

en: Journal of Lipid Mediators

ja: Journal of Lipid Mediators


en: PAFの病態生理学的役割 神経系

ja: PAFの病態生理学的役割 神経系

en: The Medical Frontline

ja: 最新医学


en: 血小板活性化因子(PAF)の中枢における役割

ja: 血小板活性化因子(PAF)の中枢における役割

en: Farumashia

ja: ファルマシア


en: GC/MS による活性リン脂質の構造解析

ja: GC/MS による活性リン脂質の構造解析

en: 日本医用マススペクトル学会誌

ja: 日本医用マススペクトル学会誌


en: 新しい化学伝達物質PAFと細胞活性化

ja: 新しい化学伝達物質PAFと細胞活性化

en: Medicine and Drug Journal

ja: 医薬ジャーナル


en: 血小板活性化因子の拮抗薬

ja: 血小板活性化因子の拮抗薬

en: Seikagaku


en: リポソーム膜においてアスコルビン酸-Fe2+により誘導される脂質過酸化反応に対するトコフェロールの抗酸化作用

en: Vitamins


en: 薬理活性をもつリゾリン脂質

ja: 薬理活性をもつリゾリン脂質

en: 化学と生物

ja: 化学と生物