Tugsjargal Purevdorj, Moeka Arata, Mari Nii, Shota Yamamoto, Hiroki Noguchi, Asuka Takeda, Hidenori Aoki, Hiroaki Inui, Tomohiro Kagawa, Riyo Kinouchi, Yuri Yamamoto, Kanako Yoshida and Takeshi Iwasa : Porcine Placental Extract Improves the Lipid Profile and Body Weight in a Post-Menopausal Rat Model Without Affecting Reproductive Tissues, Nutrients, Vol.17, No.6, 984, 2025.
Tugsjargal Purevdorj, Moeka Arata, Mari Nii, Shota Yamamoto, Hiroki Noguchi, Asuka Takeda, Hidenori Aoki, Hiroaki Inui, Tomohiro Kagawa, Riyo Kinouchi, Yuri Yamamoto, Kanako Yoshida and Takeshi Iwasa : Porcine Placental Extract Improves the Lipid Profile and Body Weight in a Post-Menopausal Rat Model Without Affecting Reproductive Tissues, Nutrients, Vol.17, No.6, 2025.
(キーワード)
alternative therapy / lipid profile / menopause / ovariectomized rats / placental extract / weight loss
Yuri Kadota, Takeshi Katou, Kana Kasai, Takako Kawakita, Misaki Murayama, Akari Shinya, Hikari Sasada, Sachiko Katayama, Mari Nii, Shota Yamamoto, Hiroki Noguchi, Kou Tamura, Hidenori Aoki, Miyu Taniguchi, Tomotaka Nakagawa, Takashi Kaji, Masato Nishimura, Riyo Kinouchi, Kanako Yoshida and Takeshi Iwasa : Expression of SMADs in orthotopic human endometrium, ovarian endometriosis, and endometriotic lesions in a murine model, Endocrine Journal, Vol.71, No.4, 395-401, 2024.
(要約)
Activin A promotes the development of endometriotic lesions in a murine model of endometriosis, and the immunohistochemical localization of phosphorylated suppressor of mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2/3 (pSMAD2/3) complex in endometriotic lesions has been reported. Activin may therefore be involved in the development and proliferation of endometriotic cells via the SMAD signaling pathway. However, few detailed reports exist on SMAD7 expression in endometriosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of pSMAD2/3 or pSMAD3 and SMAD7 in the orthotopic human endometrium, ovarian endometriosis, and endometriotic lesions in a murine model and the effect of activin A on pSMAD2/3 and SMAD7 expression. We established an endometriosis murine model via the intraperitoneal administration of endometrial tissue and blood from donor mice. Activin A was intraperitoneally administered to the activin group. We immunohistochemically evaluated orthotopic endometria, ovarian endometriotic tissues, and endometriotic lesions in the murine model followed by western blotting. We found that pSMAD3 and SMAD7 were expressed in ovarian endometriosis and orthotopic endometria from patients with and without endometriosis. In the murine model, endometriotic lesions expressed pSMAD2/3 and SMAD7 in the activin and control groups, and higher SMAD7 expression was found in the activin group. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show that SMAD7 expression is upregulated in endometriosis. In conclusion, these results suggest that activin A activates the SMAD signaling pathway and promotes the development of endometriotic lesions, thus identifying SMAD7 as a potential therapeutic target for endometriosis.
(キーワード)
Endometriosis / Female / Animals / Humans / Endometrium / Mice / Disease Models, Animal / Smad7 Protein / Smad3 Protein / Smad2 Protein / Activins / Ovarian Diseases / Adult / Signal Transduction
While the effects of progesterone on body weight and appetite in pre-menopausal conditions have been well elucidated, its effects in post-menopausal conditions have not been clarified. On the contrary, the effects of estrogen on body weight and appetite in post-menopausal conditions have been well established. In this study, the effects of progesterone treatment on body weight, appetite, and fat mass in ovariectomized rats were evaluated. In addition, the central and/or peripheral levels of oxytocin (OT), leptin, and their receptors, which are potent anorectic factors, were examined. Female rats were ovariectomized and divided into control, progesterone-treated, and estrogen-treated groups. Body weight, food intake, and subcutaneous fat mass were lower in both the progesterone and estrogen groups than in the control group. The estrogen group exhibited higher serum OT levels than the control group, whereas the OT levels of the progesterone and control groups did not differ. The serum leptin levels of both the progesterone and estrogen groups were lower than those of the control group. Gene expression analysis of OT, leptin, and their receptors in the hypothalamus and adipose tissue found few significant differences among the groups. Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) mRNA levels involved in appetite regulation were slightly altered in the progesterone and estrogen groups. These findings suggest that progesterone treatment may have favorable effects on body weight, appetite, and fat mass regulation in post-menopausal conditions and that the mechanisms underlying these effects of progesterone differ from those underlying the effects of estrogen.
Takeshi Iwasa, Hiroki Noguchi, Risa Tanano, Erika Yamanaka, Asuka Takeda, Kou Tamura, Hidenori Aoki, Tatsuro Sugimoto, Hikari Sasada, Takaaki Maeda, Saki Minato, Shota Yamamoto, Hiroaki Inui, Tomohiro Kagawa, Atsuko Yoshida, Ayuka Mineda, Mari Nii, Riyo Kinouchi, Kanako Yoshida, Yuri Yamamoto and Takashi Kaji : Age-Dependent Changes in the Effects of Androgens on Female Metabolic and Body Weight Regulation Systems in Humans and Laboratory Animals., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.24, No.23, 16567, 2023.
(要約)
In recent years, the effects of androgens on metabolic and body weight regulation systems and their underlying mechanisms have been gradually revealed in females. In women and experimental animals of reproductive age, androgen excess can adversely affect metabolic functioning, appetite, and body weight regulation. In addition, excess androgens can increase the risk of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes. These unfavorable effects of androgens are induced by alterations in the actions of hypothalamic appetite-regulatory factors, reductions in energy expenditure, insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, and β-cell dysfunction. Interestingly, these unfavorable effects of androgens on metabolic and body-weight regulation systems are neither observed nor evident in ovariectomized animals and post-menopausal women, indicating that the adverse effects of androgens might be dependent on the estrogen milieu. Recent findings may provide novel sex- and age-specific strategies for treating metabolic diseases.