Minami Sato, Toshihiro Inubushi and Eiji Tanaka : Application of LIPUS to Salivary Glands. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
16.
Eiji Tanaka, Tatsuya Nakamura, Minami Sato, Kaur Harmanpreet and El-Bialy Tarek : Application of LIPUS to the Temporomandibular Joint. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
17.
Eiji Tanaka, Toshihiro Inubushi and El-Bialy Tarek : Application of LIPUS to Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
18.
Eiji Tanaka, Kumiko Nagata and Nobuhiko Kawai : Application of LIPUS to Skeletal Muscles. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
19.
MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA and Eiji Tanaka : Application of LIPUS for Bone Healing. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
20.
Tanabe Natsuko, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Mechanisms of LIPUS on Dentofacial Bioengineering. In: Therapeutic Ultrasound in Dentistry - Applications for Dentofacial Repair, Regeneration, and Tissue Engineering, Springer, Gewerbestrasse, Switzerland,, 2018.
21.
田中 栄二 : 顎関節症と歯科矯正治療との関連の変遷, 横浜, 2018年8月.
22.
Nishio Clarice, Eiji Tanaka, Turgeon Daniel and Nanci Antonio : Facial Growth and Development. In: Ten Cates Oral Histology,, Elsevier, 2017.
Sonoko Okuhashi, Masaru Kobayashi and Eiji Tanaka : Severe Maxillary Protrusion Treated with Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.13, No.13, 4149, 2024.
(要約)
In this case, surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) was successfully adopted to treat a skeletal maxillary protrusion with large overjet and severe crowding. The female patient, aged 25 years and 11 months, was diagnosed with skeletal maxillary protrusion with severe crowding and excessive overjet associated with labially inclined maxillary central incisors. After achieving sufficient space for surgical incision between bilateral maxillary central incisors, the SARME was performed. A total of 8.0 mm lateral expansion of the maxilla was completed. At 48 days after surgery, the Hyrax appliance was replaced with an Anchor-Lock system used as an external surgical stent and skeletal anchorage for maxillary group distalization, and the distal movement of the maxillary molars was initiated without waiting for bone healing of the separated midpalatal suture by SARME. Twenty-five months' treatment, including surgical preparation, achieved an acceptable and stable occlusion with adequate interincisal relationship. The occlusion was much more stable with a little relapse through more than 4 years' retention period. In conclusion, SARME followed by the Anchor-Lock system might lead to favorable occlusal outcome in the long term without any relapses.
(キーワード)
surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion / maxillary protrusion / maxillary group distalization / Anchor-Lock system
Eiji Tanaka and Mercuri G. Louis : Current status of the management of idiopathic condylar resorption / progressive condylar resorption - A scoping review, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.13, No.13, 3951, 2024.
(要約)
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a complex synovial joint shrouded in mystery, as the etiology of many TMJ disorders are unsolved. Idiopathic/progressive condylar resorption (ICR/PCR) is one such TMJ disorder characterized by a gradually deteriorating mandibular condylar mass, resulting in severe mandibular retrognathia, which often accompanied by clockwise rotation of mandible and an anterior open bite. Since the etiology of the ICR/PCR remains unclear, no definitive prevention or management options have been established. To date, various symptomatic non-surgical, surgical, and salvage management options have been developed and reported. To understand the current status of the ICR/PCR management options, this article provides an overview of the options presently reported in the literature to reduce its TMJ symptoms and improve mandibular function and form.
ODO BAYARSAIKHAN, Munkh-Erdene Ochirbal, Boldbaatar Tungalagtamir, Gantulga Oyundari and Eiji Tanaka : Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in 9-12 year-old schoolchildren in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, Curēus, Vol.16, No.7, e65495, 2024.
(要約)
Background The prevalence of malocclusion in Mongolia is increasing every year. Estimating the need for orthodontic treatment in the population is crucial for planning orthodontic care services and monitoring oral health programs. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the need for orthodontic treatment among schoolchildren in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Methods A total of 656 schoolchildren aged 9-12 years were enrolled from 8 schools located in urban and suburban areas of 6 districts of Ulaanbaatar city. All the children were assessed according to the two components of the IOTN, the Dental Health Component (DHC) and the aesthetic component (AC). Statistical analyses were carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 28 (Released 2021; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results The prevalence of malocclusion was 561 (84.5%), consisting of 452 (68%) Angle Class I, 178 (26.8%) Angle Class II, and 34 (5.2%) Angle Class III malocclusion. For the DHC, the moderate need for treatment was 194 (29.3%) and the definite need was 53 (8.1%). For the AC, the moderate need was 148 (22.3%) and the definite need was 45 (6.9%). The association between the DHC and the AC was found to be statistically significant (p<0.001). The most common malocclusions were an increased overjet (maxillary protrusion), a contact point displacement (crowding), and an increased overbite (deep bite). The AC, Angle's molar relationship, an increased overjet, a contact point displacement, and an increased overbite were factors associated with the need for orthodontic treatment. Conclusion Approximately one-third of schoolchildren in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, require orthodontic treatment. This finding helps dental practitioners to better understand oral health problems, leading to an improvement in the overall quality of life of children.
Yuta Matsuki, Masahiro Hiasa, Shigeki HANAWA, Motosumi NAKAGAWA, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : A case of anterior open bite associated with idiopathic condylar resorption treated with miniscrew-assisted orthodontics, AJO-DO Clinical Companion, Vol.4, No.3, 211-228, 2024.
Linze Xia, Fumiya Kano, Noboru Hashimoto, Yao Liu, Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir, Naoko Ogasawara, Cheng Ding, Yang Xu, Hideharu Hibi, Tomonori Iwasaki, Eiji Tanaka and Akihito Yamamoto : Conditioned Medium From Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Alleviates Mouse Osteoarthritis by Inducing sFRP1-Expressing M2 Macrophages., Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Vol.13, No.4, 399-413, 2024.
(要約)
Intravenous administration of conditioned medium from stem cells of human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-CM) regenerates mechanically injured osteochondral tissues in mouse temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA). However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that SHED-CM alleviated injured TMJ by inducing anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in the synovium. Depletion of M2 by Mannosylated Clodrosome abolished the osteochondral repair activities of SHED-CM. Administration of CM from M2-induced by SHED-CM (M2-CM) effectively ameliorated mouse TMJOA by inhibiting chondrocyte inflammation and matrix degradation while enhancing chondrocyte proliferation and matrix formation. Notably, in vitro, M2-CM directly suppressed the catabolic activities while enhancing the anabolic activities of interleukin-1β-stimulated mouse primary chondrocytes. M2-CM also inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor NF-κB ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. Secretome analysis of M2-CM and M0-CM revealed that 5 proteins related to anti-inflammation and/or osteochondrogenesis were enriched in M2-CM. Of these proteins, the Wnt signal antagonist, secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (sFRP1), was the most abundant and played an essential role in the shift to anabolic chondrocytes, suggesting that M2 ameliorated TMJOA partly through sFRP1. This study suggests that secretome from SHED exerted remarkable osteochondral regeneration activities in TMJOA through the induction of sFRP1-expressing tissue-repair M2 macrophages.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Eiji Tanaka, Kohei Kamoi, Antonin Tichy, Takahiko Shiba, Kazuhide Yonerakura, Masatoshi Nakajima, Ruonan Han and Keiichi Hosaka : A dual composite resin injection molding technique with 3D-printed flexible indices for biomimetic replacement of a missing mandibular lateral incisor., Journal of Prosthodontic Research, 2024.
(要約)
The bilayered direct composite RBFPD using 3D printed flexible indices prepared with a full digital workflow has several advantages over other dental prosthetic solutions, including noninvasiveness, cost-effectiveness, biomimetic esthetics, repairability, and shortened treatment times. Although the initial results are promising, further longitudinal studies with larger patient cohorts are required to confirm the long-term efficacy of this approach.
Eiji Tanaka, Hiroshi Yamada, Masaaki Higashino, Masaki Sawada, Saya Suetake and Susumu Abe : Influence of Orthodontic Treatment on Changes in the Maxillary Sinus Dimensions., Curēus, Vol.16, No.2, e53363, 2024.
(要約)
Objective This study aimed to investigate the correlation of craniofacial morphology with maxillary sinus morphology and to evaluate whether orthodontic treatment facilitates maxillary sinus enlargement in adults. Materials and methods A total of 45 adult women underwent cephalography and computed tomography before and after orthodontic treatment. All participants were classified into three groups: skeletal class I, II, and III. The average dimensions and volume of the maxillary sinus were calculated in each subgroup. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the correlations of maxillary sinus dimensions with 20 cephalometric variables. Results Before treatment, the maxillary sinus width, height, depth, and volume were 32.2 ± 3.9 mm, 39.5 ± 3.8 mm, 38.6 ± 1.8 mm, and 36,179.3 ± 5,454.0 mm3 in skeletal class I, 33.9 ± 6.2 mm, 37.3 ± 3.5 mm, 38.6 ± 2.4 mm, and 34,729.8 ± 6,686.6 mm3 in skeletal class II, and 32.0 ± 4.3 mm, 41.8 ± 5.0 mm, 38.0 ± 2.8 mm, and 35,592.3 ± 10,334.3 mm3 in skeletal class III, respectively. Despite no significant differences in maxillary sinus width, depth, or volume, the height was significantly lower in the skeletal class II than in the other two. Regardless of the skeletal pattern, maxillary sinus height and volume increased considerably after treatment. Moreover, the maxillary sinus width was substantially involved in pretreatment U1 to SN and overbite and posttreatment U1 to NA and overjet. Conclusion Except for the height, the maxillary sinus dimensions were almost similar, irrespective of the skeletal classification. The posttreatment sinus height and volume were significantly greater than the pretreatment values, although the sinus width and length showed no significant changes during orthodontic treatment. This implies that orthodontic treatment may facilitate the enlargement of the maxillary sinus even after physical growth.
Shankargouda Patil, Shilpa Bhandi, J Khalid Alzahrani, M Mrim Alnfiai, Luca Testarelli, W Burke Soffe, W Frank Licari, H Kamran Awan and Eiji Tanaka : Efficacy of laser in re-osseointegration of dental implants-a systematic review., Lasers in Medical Science, Vol.38, No.1, 2023.
(要約)
Despite their high success rates, peri-implantitis can affect the stability and function of dental implants. Various treatment modalities have been investigated for the treatment of peri-implantitis to achieve re-osseointegration. An electronic literature search was performed supplemented by a manual search to identify studies published until January 2022. Articles that evaluated re-osseointegration in peri-implantitis sites in animal models following laser therapy or antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) were included. Case reports, case series, systematic reviews, and letters to the editor were excluded. Risk of bias and GRADE assessment were followed to evaluate the quality of the evidence. Six studies out of 26 articles identified on electronic search were included in this review. The studies included animal studies conducted on canine models. Four out of six studies reported a higher degree of re-osseointegration following treatment of implants with laser therapy. The findings suggest that laser decontamination shows potential in enhancing re-osseointegration, particularly with the Er: YAG laser, which effectively decontaminated implant surfaces. However, conflicting outcomes and limitations in the evidence quality warrant caution in drawing definitive conclusions. Based on the limited available evidence, laser therapy may show a higher degree of re-osseointegration of implants than mechanical debridement.
Keiichiro Watanabe, A Tichy, Kouhei Kamoi, Masahiro Hiasa, Kazuhide Yonekura, Eiji Tanaka, M Nakajima and Keiichi Hosaka : Restoration of a Microdont Using the Resin Composite Injection Technique With a Fully Digital Workflow: A Flexible 3D-printed Index With a Holding Clip., Operative Dentistry, 2023.
(要約)
Direct composite restorations are accepted as a treatment option for microdontia, which is a relatively prevalent condition that poses esthetic concerns. While free-hand composite placement is technique-sensitive and time-consuming, the resin composite injection technique is more straightforward and predictable. A fully digital workflow has been recently introduced, but the 3D-printed resin index is rigid and challenged by undercuts, as opposed to the silicone index. This case report presents a flexible 3D-printed resin index, which can accurately transfer the digitally simulated functional and esthetic form to the final restoration. In addition, a rigid holding clip was designed to stabilize the flexible index.
Emiko Nakaue, Jumpei Teramachi, Hirofumi Tenshin, Masahiro Hiasa, Takeshi Harada, Asuka Oda, Yusuke Inoue, Sou Shimizu, Yoshiki Higa, Kimiko Sogabe, Masahiro Oura, Tomoyo Hara, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoko Maruhashi, Hiroki Yamagami, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : Mechanisms of preferential bone formation in myeloma bone lesions by proteasome inhibitors., International Journal of Hematology, 2023.
(要約)
Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) can preferentially restore bone in bone-defective lesions of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) who respond favorably to these drugs. Most prior in vitro studies on PIs used continuous exposure to low PI concentrations, although pharmacokinetic analysis in patients has shown that serum concentrations of PIs change in a pulsatile manner. In the present study, we explored the effects of pulsatile treatment with PIs on bone metabolism to simulate in vivo PI pharmacokinetics. Pulsatile treatment with bortezomib, carfilzomib, or ixazomib induced MM cell death but only marginally affected the viability of osteoclasts (OCs) with F-actin ring formation. Pulsatile PI treatment suppressed osteoclastogenesis in OC precursors and bone resorption by mature OCs. OCs robustly enhanced osteoblastogenesis in cocultures with OCs and MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells, indicating OC-mediated coupling to osteoblastogenesis. Importantly, pulsatile PI treatment did not impair robust OC-mediated osteoblastogenesis. These results suggest that PIs might sufficiently reduce MM cell-derived osteoblastogenesis inhibitors to permit OC-driven bone formation coupling while suppressing OC differentiation and activity in good responders to PIs. OC-mediated coupling to osteoblastogenesis appears to be a predominant mechanism for preferential occurrence of bone regeneration at sites of osteoclastic bone destruction in good responders.
Ryoko Shioyasono, Kaoru Yoshinaga, Atsushi Shioyasono, Ayami Ito, Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Hiasa, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : Nonsurgical orthodontic treatment for a patient with Sotos syndrome., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.163, No.3, 426-442, 2023.
(要約)
Sotos syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by overgrowth in childhood, specific facial manifestations, advanced bone age, and mental retardation. The purpose of this article is to describe the nonsurgical orthodontic treatment of a 10-year-old boy with a skeletal mandibular protrusion, unilateral posterior crossbite, and Sotos syndrome. After maxillary lateral expansion, the skeletal Class III relationship with an anterior crossbite improved because of mandibular clockwise rotation, whereas the facemask had a marginal effect. After growth at 16 years, he had a skeletal Class I relationship, and thus, conventional orthodontic treatment with preadjusted edgewise appliances was initiated. After 41 months of multibracket treatment, acceptable occlusion with a functional Class I relationship was obtained. One year postretention, few changes in occlusion and facial features were observed. Our results demonstrate that considering the maxillofacial vertical growth during the peripubertal period associated with Sotos syndrome, more attention should be paid to the early orthopedic treatment with the facemask and/or chincap.
篠原 丈裕, 岩浅 亮彦, 栗林 恭子, 坂巻 拓馬, 田中 栄二 : 過大なポステリアディスクレパンシーと前歯部の反対咬合を伴う骨格性Ⅰ級叢生の一治験例 -長期保定症例-, Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.35, No.2, 94-104, 2023年.
(要約)
To clarify the characteristics of oral dysfunction in pediatric patients with malocclusion, we compared oral function between individuals with normal occlusion and those with malocclusion.A total of 108 participants, including 41 boys and 67 girls (mean age ± standard deviation, 9.4 ± 2.2 years), were recruited from outpatients who visited the Departments of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry of Tokushima University Hospital. They were classified according to their occlusal status into normal occlusion, crowding, maxillary protrusion, mandibular protrusion, open bite, and others.This study revealed that patients with malocclusion had more functional problems (e.g. tongue thrust, low tongue posture and another oral habits) than subjects with normal occlusion and that the functional problems were associated with various types of malocclusion. Especially, patients with open bite showed the characteristic features of oral function and their maximum lip closure force was significantly weaker than that of subjects with normal occlusion (p < 0.05).We found the characteristic features of oral dysfunction in each malocclusion. It is thought that it is necessary to make an individual training program to the characteristic feature of oral function.
Toyoaki Takagi and Eiji Tanaka : An adult case of unilateral posterior crossbite caused by maxillary transverse deficiency treated with miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion., Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol.124, No.6, 2023.
(要約)
This report describes the successful treatment of an adult case of unilateral posterior crossbite caused by maxillary transverse deficiency with miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE). A female patient aged 35.5 years presented with masticatory disturbance, facial asymmetry, and unilateral posterior crossbite. She was diagnosed with unilateral posterior crossbite with a skeletal Class III jaw-base relationship and high mandibular plane angle. Her maxillary right and mandibular bilateral second premolars were congenitally absent, and the maxillary left second premolar was impacted. After the improvement of the posterior crossbite with MARPE, 0.018'' slot lingual brackets were placed on the maxillary and mandibular dentition. The total active treatment period was 22 months, and acceptable occlusion with a functional Class I relationship was achieved. Pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography images showed the disarticulation of the midpalatal suture after MARPE, and changes in the dental and nasomaxillary structures, nasal cavity, and pharyngeal airway. The case results demonstrate that MARPE produces greater skeletal expansion with minimal buccal tipping of the molars. MARPE may be effective for the treatment of maxillary transverse deficiency in adult patients.
Linze XIA, Fumiya Kano, Noboru Hashimoto, Cheng DING, Yang XU, Hideharu HIBI, Tomonori Iwasaki, Eiji Tanaka and Akihito Yamamoto : Conditioned Medium from Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Partially Alters the Expression of Inflammation-associated Molecules of Mouse Condylar Chondrocytes via Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 1, Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.35, No.2, 52-60, 2023.
Masaki Sawada, Saya Suetake, Hiroshi Yamada, Masaaki Higashino, Susumu Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic Treatment Does Not Affect Frontal Sinus Development in Female Adults: A Clinical Study, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.12, No.3, 778, 2023.
(要約)
Frontal sinus growth is gradual and lasts until post-puberty. However, the influence of biomechanical stimuli, such as orthodontic treatment, on frontal sinus development after the growth period has ended remains unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the impact of orthodontic treatment on the frontal sinus morphology of adult females. Sixty women were included and divided into three groups, based on the Frankfort mandibular plane angle. All participants underwent computed tomography and lateral cephalometry before and after treatment. Although two participants exhibited frontal sinus agenesis, most exhibited a bilaterally symmetric frontal sinus without fusion. The frontal sinus width and height were almost similar, irrespective of the vertical skeletal pattern, where the frontal sinus depth was significantly larger in the average mandibular plane angle group than in the low- and high-angle groups. Furthermore, the sinus volume in the low-angle group was likely smaller than that in the average and high-angle groups. On comparing pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements, minimal or no changes to the frontal sinus dimension were detected after treatment. In conclusion, orthodontic treatment did not affect frontal sinus development after the end of growth.
Yoshiki Higa, Masahiro Hiasa, Hirofumi Tenshin, Emiko Nakaue, Mariko Tanaka, Sooha Kim, Motosumi Nakagawa, Sou Shimizu, Kotaro Tanimoto, Jumpei Teramachi, Takeshi Harada, Asuka Oda, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Tomoyo Hara, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoko Maruhashi, Hiroki Yamagami, Itsuro Endo, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : The Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Febuxostat Suppresses Adipogenesis and Activates Nrf2., Antioxidants, Vol.12, No.1, 2023.
(要約)
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a rate-limiting enzyme in purine catabolism that acts as a novel regulator of adipogenesis. In pathological states, xanthine oxidoreductase activity increases to produce excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a critical inducer of antioxidants, which is bound and repressed by a kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in the cytoplasm. The Keap1-Nrf2 axis appears to be a major mechanism for robust inducible antioxidant defenses. Here, we demonstrate that febuxostat, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, alleviates the increase in adipose tissue mass in obese mouse models with a high-fat diet or ovariectomy. Febuxostat disrupts in vitro adipocytic differentiation in adipogenic media. Adipocytes appeared at day 7 in absence or presence of febuxostat were 160.8 ± 21.2 vs. 52.5 ± 12.7 (p < 0.01) in 3T3L1 cells, and 126.0 ± 18.7 vs. 55.3 ± 13.4 (p < 0.01) in 10T1/2 cells, respectively. Adipocyte differentiation was further enhanced by the addition of hydrogen peroxide, which was also suppressed by febuxostat. Interestingly, febuxostat, but not allopurinol (another xanthine oxidase inhibitor), rapidly induced the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and facilitated the degradation of Keap1, similar to the electrophilic Nrf2 activator omaveloxolone. These results suggest that febuxostat alleviates adipogenesis under oxidative conditions, at least in part by suppressing ROS production and Nrf2 activation. Regulation of adipocytic differentiation by febuxostat is expected to inhibit obesity due to menopause or overeating.
Joshua M. Ferraro, Sanghee Lee, Keiichiro Watanabe, Tai-Hsien Wu, Do-Gyoon Kim, Ching-Chang Ko, Eiji Tanaka, Motoyoshi Mitsuru and Toru Deguchi : Accuracy of three-dimensional printed models derived from cone-beam computed tomography, The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.92, No.6, 722-727, 2022.
(要約)
To determine the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) printed models fabricated from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of human mandibular dry skulls in comparison with models derived from intraoral scanner (IOS) data. Six human mandibular dry skulls were scanned by IOS and CBCT. Digital models (DMs) constructed from the IOS and CBCT data were fabricated physically using a 3D printer. The width and thickness of individual teeth and intercanine and molar widths were measured using a digital caliper. The accuracy of the DMs was compared between IOS and CBCT. Paired t-tests were used for intergroup comparisons. All intraclass correlation coefficient values for the three measurements (mesial-distal, buccal-lingual, width) exceeded 0.9. For the mandibular teeth, there were significant discrepancies in model accuracy between the IOS (average discrepancies of 0.18 ± 0.08 mm and 0.16 ± 0.12 mm for width and thickness, respectively) and CBCT (0.28 ± 0.07 mm for width, 0.37 ± 0.2 mm for thickness; P < .01). Intercanine (P = .38) and molar widths (P = .41) showed no significant difference between groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the accuracy of DMs obtained from CBCT and IOS; however, this did not seem to result in any important clinical difference. CBCT could be routinely used as an orthodontic diagnostic tool and for appliance construction.
Susumu Abe, Fumiaki Kawano, Yoshizo Matsuka, Taeko Masuda, Toshinori Okawa and Eiji Tanaka : Relationship between oral parafunctional and postural habits and the symptoms of temporomandibular disorders: A survey-based cross-sectional cohort study using propensity score matching analysis, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.11, No.21, 6396, 2022.
(要約)
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a multifactorial joint disease of the masticatory system. The possible etiological factors involved in the onset and progression of TMDs include oral parafunctional habits (OPFHs) and postural habits (PHs). However, little information is available on the association between OPFHs and PHs and a predisposition to TMDs. Thus, to investigate whether the presence of OPFH and PH predisposes individuals to TMDs, a survey-based cross-sectional cohort study of self-reported TMD was performed. A total of 2292 patients with TMD were recruited for the survey. Through one-to-one propensity score matching, 166 patients with and without sleep bruxism (SB) were selected. The SB group had a significantly higher risk of masticatory muscular pain or fatigue than the non-SB group ( = 0.018). Furthermore, the SB group without other OFPHs and PHs did not show a significantly higher risk of TMD symptoms than the non-SB group. Diurnal clenching and bad posture also affect the stomatognathic system, causing pain or fatigue; however, it did not result in TMDs in patients without any OPFHs and PHs. This implies that OPFHs and PHs may increase the risk of TMD symptoms in coexistence with other habits.
Masaaki Higashino, Susumu Abe, Masaki Sawada, Hiroshi Yamada, Yusuke Ayani, Shin-Ichi Haginomori, Ryo Kawata, Toshihiro Matsuoka, Go Nakai, Keigo Osuga and Eiji Tanaka : Development of the Sphenoid Sinus in Japanese Children: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study Using Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.11, No.21, 6311, 2022.
(要約)
The sphenoid sinus (SS) is located close to vital structures, such as the pituitary gland, and it has significant clinical relevance. This study aimed to clarify the growth pattern of the SS in Japanese children using three-dimensional computed tomography (CT). Seventy-eight participants with congenital, acquired, or external auditory canal cholesteatoma were recruited and underwent CT more than twice during their treatment. Using the volume-rendered images, the size and volume of the SS were measured. Furthermore, on the scout image, the morphological measurements of the cranial base were determined. The size and volume of the SS increased with age, and peaked at the mean age of 15 years. For males, the volume of the SS was smaller than that of females aged <5 years. The growth rate of the SS was significantly higher in males than in females. The maximum growth rate was detected at the age of 12 years for males and 10 years for females. For females, the increase in the length of the anterior cranial base ceased at approximately 10 years of age and remained constant thereafter. In contrast, for males, the length of the anterior cranial base increased gradually until 15 years of age. Considering the similarity of the periods between the adolescent growth spurt and the maximum growth rate of the SS, changes in the size of the SS may be used as an indicator of the physical growth spurt.
日浅 早紀, 川合 暢彦, 堀内 信也, 田中 栄二, 伊賀 弘起 : 小児不正咬合患者の小児患者における口腔機能障害の特徴, Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.35, No.1, 1-8, 2022年.
(要約)
To clarify the characteristics of oral dysfunction in pediatric patients with malocclusion, we compared oral function between individuals with normal occlusion and those with malocclusion.A total of 108 participants, including 41 boys and 67 girls (mean age ± standard deviation, 9.4 ± 2.2 years), were recruited from outpatients who visited the Departments of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry of Tokushima University Hospital. They were classified according to their occlusal status into normal occlusion, crowding, maxillary protrusion, mandibular protrusion, open bite, and others.This study revealed that patients with malocclusion had more functional problems (e.g. tongue thrust, low tongue posture and another oral habits) than subjects with normal occlusion and that the functional problems were associated with various types of malocclusion. Especially, patients with open bite showed the characteristic features of oral function and their maximum lip closure force was significantly weaker than that of subjects with normal occlusion (p < 0.05).We found the characteristic features of oral dysfunction in each malocclusion. It is thought that it is necessary to make an individual training program to the characteristic feature of oral function.
Masahiko Watanabe, Nobuhiko Kawai, Manami Shibata, Emiko Nakaue, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : Establishment of a new rehabilitation program using masticatory training food for jaw deformity patients., Journal of Dental Sciences, Vol.17, No.3, 1217-1224, 2022.
(要約)
Compared with the non-training group, the training group showed a trend toward greater recovery amount of MBF from Pre to T3, and a significantly greater recovery amount in MP (p < 0.05) from Pre to T3. When the time-series change of MP was evaluated in both groups from T0 to T3, a significant difference was observed in the interaction terms (p = 0.03). This result indicates that the effectiveness of the training may be demonstrated by following the postoperative course further.
Takuma Sakamaki, Keiichiro Watanabe, Akihiko Iwasa, Toru Deguchi, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : Thread shape, cortical bone thickness, and magnitude and distribution of stress caused by the loading of orthodontic miniscrews: finite element analysis., Scientific Reports, Vol.12, No.1, 2022.
(要約)
Cortical bone thickness is assumed to be a major factor regulating miniscrew stability. We investigated stress distribution in two miniscrews with different thread shapes (type A and B) and in cortical bone of three different thicknesses using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models. More specifically, 3D FE models of two different miniscrews were created and placed obliquely or vertically into a cylindrical bone model representing different cortical bone thicknesses. When force was applied to the miniscrew, the stress distribution on the screw surface and in the peri-implant bone was assessed using FE methodology. Miniscrew safety was evaluated using a modified Soderberg safety factor. Screw head displacement increased with a decrease in cortical bone thickness, irrespective of screw type. The smallest minimum principal stresses on the screw surfaces remained constant in type A miniscrews on changes in cortical bone thickness. Minimum principal stresses also appeared on the cortical bone surface. Lower absolute values of minimum principal stresses were seen in type A miniscrews when placed vertically and with upward traction in obliquely placed type B miniscrews. Both miniscrews had acceptable safety factor values. Taken together, orthodontists should select and use the suitable miniscrew for each patient in consideration of bone properties.
Sou Shimizu, Jumpei Teramachi, Takeshi Harada, Masahiro Hiasa, Hirofumi Tenshin, A Oda, A Seki, Y Inoue, Kotaro Tanimoto, Yoshiki Higa, M Oura, K Sogabe, Takeshi Harada, Ryohei Sumitani, T Maruhashi, H Yamagami, Y Sawa, Itsuro Endo, K Tsuneyama, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : Aberrant upregulation of the endogenous PP2A inhibitor CIP2A is vital for myeloma cell growth and survival, International Journal of Myeloma, Vol.12, No.2, 14-23, 2022.
(要約)
<p>The serine/threonine kinase TAK1 is constitutively overexpressed and auto-phosphorylated in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a major serine/threonine phosphatase which dephosphorylates proteins phosphorylated by various serine/threonine kinases to regulate multiple cellular functions. We recently reported that the serine/threonine kinase TGF-β-activated kinase-1 (TAK1) is highly expressed and auto-phosphorylated to mediate critical growth and survival signaling in MM cells. We demonstrate here that regulation of PP2A activity inversely affects the phosphorylation levels of TAK1 in MM cells, and that MM cells aberrantly overexpress cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A), an endogenous inhibitor for PP2A. <i>CIP2A</i> gene silencing as well as treatment with the CIP2A inhibitor TD52 potently induced MM cell death along with suppression of TAK1 expression in MM cells. These results suggest the critical role of PP2A inactivation via CIP2A upregulation in TAK1 phosphorylation and its protein expression and thereby MM cell growth and survival, posing the CIP2A-PP2A axis as an important therapeutic target.</p>
Masaki Sawada, Hiroshi Yamada, Masaaki Higashino, Susumu Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Volumetric Assessment of the Frontal Sinus in Female Adolescents and Its Relationship with Craniofacial Morphology and Orthodontic Treatment: A Pilot Study, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol.19, No.12, 2022.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Bobby Mitchell, Takuma Sakamaki, Yuzo Hirai, Do-Gyoon Kim, Toru Deguchi, Masakazu Suzuki, Kanji Ueda and Eiji Tanaka : Mechanical stability of orthodontic miniscrew depends on a thread shape., Journal of Dental Sciences, Vol.17, No.3, 1244-1252, 2022.
(要約)
The MIT, RT, TR and K of type C miniscrew were significantly greater than those of type A and B miniscrews when the miniscrews were placed in the thinner artificial bone. Furthermore, the TR value of type C miniscrew was more than 1, indicating the MRT value was larger than the MIT value in the novel miniscrew. The values of K∗ and tan
Yuta Matsuki, Hiroko Sato, N Kajimoto, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine, Eiji Tanaka and Kenichi Hamada : Effect of immersion in NaCl solution on the electrical conductivity and the reduction of the shear bond strength of resin-modifi ed glass-ionomer-cements after current application, Dental Materials Journal, Vol.41, No.3, 487-494, 2022.
Toyoaki Takagi, Sou Shimizu and Eiji Tanaka : Alveolar corticotomy for extrusion of an ankylosed lower first molar., Journal of Clinical Orthodontics, Vol.56, No.5, 299-307, 2022.
(キーワード)
Humans / Molar / Tooth Ankylosis / Tooth Movement Techniques
(文献検索サイトへのリンク)
● PubMed @ National Institutes of Health, US National Library of Medicine (PMID): 35767859
Nobuhiko Kawai, Masahiko Watanabe, Manami Shibata, Shinya Horiuchi, Kenji Fushima and Eiji Tanaka : Treatment decision of camouflage or surgical orthodontic treatment for skeletal Class III patients based on analysis of masticatory function., Journal of Dental Sciences, Vol.17, No.2, 822-830, 2022.
(要約)
Camouflage orthodontic treatment is inappropriate for patients with relatively severe dentoskeletal discrepancies. Wits appraisal of -6.0 mm is a potentially useful parameter for treatment decision.
YAO LIU, Fumiya Kano, Noboru Hashimoto, LINZE XIA, Qiao Zhou, Xingmei Feng, Hideharu Hibi, Aya Miyazaki, Tsutomu Iwamoto, Yoshizo Matsuka, Zhijun Zhang, Eiji Tanaka and Akihito Yamamoto : Conditioned Medium From the Stem Cells of Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Ameliorates Neuropathic Pain in a Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation Model., Frontiers in Pharmacology, Vol.13, 745020, 2022.
(要約)
In neuropathic pain (NP), injury or diseases of the somatosensory system often result in highly debilitating chronic pain. Currently, there is no effective drug for the complete and definitive treatment of NP. We investigated the therapeutic potential of conditioned medium (CM) derived from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED-CM) against NP using a mouse partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSL) model. Abnormal pain sensation, such as tactile allodynia and hyperalgesia, can be caused by PSL. In the behavioral test, intravenous administration of SHED-CM greatly improved the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that treatment with SHED-CM resulted in the recruitment of M2 macrophages in the injured sciatic nerve and ipsilateral L4/L5 dorsal root ganglion and suppressed microglial activation in the spinal cord. Notably, specific depletion of the anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages by mannosylated-Clodrosome markedly reduced the antinociceptive effect of SHED-CM. Intravenous administration of CM from M2 induced by SHED-CM (M2-CM) ameliorated the PSL-induced hypersensitivity. We found that M2-CM directly suppressed the expression of nociceptive receptors as well as proinflammatory mediators in Schwann cells. Taken together, our data suggest that SHED-CM ameliorates NP through the induction of the analgesic anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Thus, SHED-CM may be a novel therapeutic candidate for NP.
Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Signs, Symptoms, and Morphological Features of Idiopathic Condylar Resorption in Orthodontic Patients: A Survey-Based Study, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.11, No.6, 1552, 2022.
(要約)
Idiopathic condylar resorption (ICR) is an aggressive degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint that is most frequently observed in teenage girls. However, no specific cause of ICR has been identified. To explore the specific causes of the onset and progression of ICR, we performed a survey-based study on ICR in orthodontic patients and described its subjective symptoms, clinical signs, and condylar morphological features. A total of 1735 participants were recruited from 2193 orthodontic patients. For each participant, subjective symptoms and clinical signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) were evaluated through clinical examination and a questionnaire. Furthermore, three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) was performed to diagnose ICR. Among the 1735 patients evaluated, ICR was present in two male and ten female patients. All 12 patients had maxillary protrusion and an anterior open bite. Four patients with ICR underwent orthodontic treatment. Based on CT findings, patients with ICR had significantly different condylar sizes and shapes from patients with TMDs alone. The coexistence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as sex-hormone imbalance and a history of orthodontic treatment, might lead to the onset of ICR. We suggest that growing patients suspected of having ICR should undergo CT evaluation because CT findings may precede clinical symptoms and signs.
Muneyuki Yoshimura, Emi Takegawa, Kazumitsu Sekine, Shinya Horiuchi, Eiji Tanaka and Kenichi Hamada : Volume Magnetic Susceptibility Estimation of α- and β-Phases in Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Applications., Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.34, No.2, 34-39, 2022.
(要約)
Metallic medical devices in the human body cause serious artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging owing to the volume magnetic susceptibility (χν) mismatch between the device and tissue around the device. To reduce artifacts, medical devices produced from alloys with χν values of approximately -9 × 10-6 are required. Controlling the phase constitution is a basic technique used to control the χν value of an alloy, and the χν value of each phase is a fundamental property. In this study, an α+β-type Ti alloy and two β-type Ti alloys were investigated. The estimated χν values of the α-phase of the alloys were similar to or smaller than that of pure Ti. In contrast, the estimated χν values of the β-phase of the alloys were larger than that of pure Ti. Since the χν value of pure Ti is much larger than -9 × 10-6, the χν values of the β-phases suggested that increasing the volume fraction of the β-phase was not appropriate for producing a Ti alloy with a lower χν value.
Daishi Arai, Akihiro Yasue, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : A Multidisciplinary Approach to Malocclusion Caused by Facial Multiple Fracture., Case Reports in Dentistry, Vol.2022, 2022.
(要約)
In the case of multiple facial fractures, a simple open reduction occasionally causes various disorders during healing process after the surgery. Moreover, esthetic disturbance of a facial deformity might be induced. Therefore, the acquisition of facial symmetry and the recovery of occlusal and masticatory functions become increasingly important. This case report presents a successful treatment of facial multiple fracture induced by a car accident. A 20-year-old male was diagnosed with suffered multiple midface and mandibular fractures induced by a car accident. Midface fractures included the LeFort I and II type fractures, as well as sagittal fracture at midline and fractures from right maxillary sinus anterior wall to orbital wall. In the mandible, midline and left body fractures were detected. The patient underwent open reduction and rigid fixation of the fractured left zygoma, comminuted LeFort I and II fractures, and midline and left body of the mandible with intermaxillary fixation by multibracket appliance; maxillary osteotomy with iliac bone grafting; orthognathic two-jaw surgery with coronoid process grafts onto the depressed zygoma; and onlay graft of hydroxyapatite block on mandible. As the result, the multidisciplinary treatments successfully recover functions and esthetics to the satisfactory level of the patient with multiple facial fractures. As treatments for multiple facial fractures are required complexity due to the extent of trauma, multidisciplinary approach under the close cooperation between hospital departments is thought to be important.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Mohannad Ashtar, Masahiro Hiasa, Yusuke Inoue, Asuka Oda, Kotaro Tanimoto, Sou Shimizu, Yoshiki Higa, Takeshi Harada, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Tomoyo Hara, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoko Maruhashi, Mayu Sebe, Rie Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Sakaue, Itsuro Endo, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : TGF-β-activated kinase-1 inhibitor LL-Z1640-2 reduces joint inflammation and bone destruction in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome, TACE, TNF-α and RANKL expression., Clinical & translational immunology, Vol.11, No.1, 2022.
(要約)
TAK1 inhibition with LLZ may become a novel treatment strategy to effectively alleviate inflammasome-mediated inflammation and RANKL-induced osteoclastic bone destruction in joints alongside its potent suppression of TNF-α and IL-6 production and proteinase-mediated pathological processes in RA.
Hiroshi Yamada, Masaki Sawada, Masaaki Higashino, Susumu Abe, Tarek El-Bialy and Eiji Tanaka : Longitudinal Morphological Changes in the Adenoids and Tonsils in Japanese School Children., Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.10, No.21, 2021.
(要約)
The adenoid (Ad) and tonsil (Ts), located in the upper airway, play an important role in immunological protection. These lymphoid tissues grow rapidly, reach a peak of growth at the age of 6-8 years, and decrease in their size thereafter. However, little information is available on the longitudinal growth patterns of Ad and Ts in the general population. This study aimed to evaluate the individual growth of Ad and Ts during childhood using lateral cephalograms taken longitudinally from the same individuals at the ages of 8-12 years. Our results showed that the cross-sectional areas of the Ad, nasopharynx (Np), and oropharynx (Op) significantly increased with age while small changes in the size of Ts were present throughout the study period. In addition, the values of Ad/Np and Ts/Op decreased significantly with age in the elementary school. Furthermore, there was a strong and significant correlation between the Ad/Np ratio and upper airway resistance, indicating the narrowest distance in the upper airway. In conclusion, the airway occupation in Np and Op increased with age due to the increase in the sizes of Np and Op but not the decrease in the sizes of Ad and Ts.
Shinya Horiuchi, Hiroko Sato, Akihiko Iwasa, Aki Ichihara, Hirofumi Tenshin, Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Hiasa, Ichiro Hashimoto and Eiji Tanaka : Long-term Management of a Patient with Apert Syndrome., The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Vol.22, No.10, 1184-1190, 2021.
(要約)
The two-stage operation combining early distraction osteogenesis and postgrowth orthognathic surgery proves to be an effective therapy for correcting midfacial hypoplasia and skeletal mandibular protrusion caused by Apert syndrome.
(キーワード)
Acrocephalosyndactylia / Adolescent / Adult / Cephalometry / Humans / Infant / Male / Open Bite / Osteogenesis, Distraction / Osteotomy, Le Fort / Young Adult
Yuzo Hirai, Keiichiro Watanabe, Toru Deguchi, Kanji Ueda, Kenichi Hamada and Eiji Tanaka : Influence of insertion depth on stress distribution in orthodontic miniscrew and the surrounding bone by finite element analysis., Dental Materials Journal, Vol.40, No.5, 1270-1276, 2021.
(要約)
We aimed to elucidate stress distribution in miniscrews and the surrounding bone when miniscrews inserted at different depths were implanted vertically or obliquely. The distributions of the equivalent stress on the screw surface and the minimum principal stress in the surrounding bone were calculated using finite element models. When the miniscrews were inserted vertically and obliquely, screw head displacement, greatest equivalent stress on the miniscrew surface, and absolute value of minimum principal stresses in the surrounding bone decreased with increasing insertion depth. Stresses in the obliquely inserted miniscrew with upward traction were smaller than in other insertion conditions, irrespective of insertion depth. With the application of orthodontic force, stress distribution around the miniscrew and surrounding bone is closely related to the insertion depth and insertion angle, which mutually affect each other. In particular, the obliquely inserted miniscrew with upward traction might be the most secure against screw failure and fracture.
Masahiro Hiasa, Takeshi Harada, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : Pathogenesis and treatment of multiple myeloma bone disease., Japanese Dental Science Review, Vol.57, 164-173, 2021.
(要約)
Multiple myeloma (Plasma cell myeloma), a malignancy of the plasma cells, exhibits tumor expansion preferentially in the bone marrow and the development of bone-destructive lesions. Multiple myeloma is still an incurable disease with changes in the bone marrow microenvironment in favor of the survival and proliferation of multiple myeloma cells and bone destruction. In this review, we described the recent findings on the regulators involved in the development of myeloma bone diseases, and succinctly summarize currently available therapeutic options and the development of novel bone modifying agents for myeloma treatment.
Hiroshi Yamada, Masaki Sawada and Eiji Tanaka : Treatment of hemifacial microsomia using conventional orthodontic techniques: Report of a case with long-term follow-up., The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol.152, No.8, 653-668, 2021.
(要約)
Early orthodontic management only can have some limitations but could be one of the treatment options for hemifacial microsomia.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Takashi Izawa, Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir, Takuma Sakamaki, Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Macrophage Motility in Wound Healing Is Regulated by HIF-1α via S1P Signaling., International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.22, No.16, 2021.
(要約)
Accumulating evidence indicates that the molecular pathways mediating wound healing induce cell migration and localization of cytokines to sites of injury. Macrophages are immune cells that sense and actively respond to disturbances in tissue homeostasis by initiating, and subsequently resolving, inflammation. Hypoxic conditions generated at a wound site also strongly recruit macrophages and affect their function. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a transcription factor that contributes to both glycolysis and the induction of inflammatory genes, while also being critical for macrophage activation. For the latter, HIF-1α regulates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to affect the migration, activation, differentiation, and polarization of macrophages. Recently, S1P and HIF-1α have received much attention, and various studies have been performed to investigate their roles in initiating and resolving inflammation via macrophages. It is hypothesized that the HIF-1α/S1P/S1P receptor axis is an important determinant of macrophage function under inflammatory conditions and during disease pathogenesis. Therefore, in this review, biological regulation of monocytes/macrophages in response to circulating HIF-1α is summarized, including signaling by S1P/S1P receptors, which have essential roles in wound healing.
【目的】近年，歯科矯正用アンカースクリュー(以降アンカーと明記する)の普及により，臼歯の固定や移動が容易に行えるようになり，抜歯，非抜歯，抜歯部位の選択についても変化が起きている．今回，アンカーの導入前後での治療方針の変化について，とくに臼歯抜歯の適応に関する調査を行ったので報告する．【方法】徳島大学病院矯正歯科を受診した初診時年齢12歳以上の患者を対象とし，2002年以前にマルチブラケット治療の診断を受けた100名(Pre群)と2008年以降に診断を受けた100名(Post群)を無作為に抽出した．先天性疾患および歯牙欠損症例，顎変形症は除外した．診断内容における臼歯抜歯(第三大臼歯は除く)の有無，抜歯部位等に関する比較検討を行った．【結果および考察】Pre群とPost群の間で抜歯症例数および抜歯部位に違いは認められなかった．一方，skeletal Class IIの症例はPre群では上顎片顎小臼歯抜歯によるカムフラージュ治療が多かったのに対し，Post群ではその割合は減少していた．また，skeletal Class IIIの症例ではアンカーを用いた非抜歯治療の割合が増加していた．High mandibular plane angle caseにおいてはアンカーの使用により，上顎第一大臼歯の挺出防止ならびに圧下が可能となり上下顎第一小臼歯を抜去する割合が増えた．【結論】アンカー導入で，臼歯の移動や挺出の防止および圧下が可能となり抜歯部位の選択基準に変化が生じたと考えられた．(著者抄録)
Eiji Tanaka, Shinji Fujihara and Chieko Shiota : Case report update: A case of unilateral mandibular condylar osteochondroma treated with ipsilateral condylectomy and contralateral ramus osteotomy., AJO-DO Clinical Companion, Vol.1, No.1, 89-91, 2021.
Akiko Mino-Oka, Shinya Horiuchi, Rie Matsuda, Ryoko Shioyasono, Mohannad Ashtar, Masahiro Hiasa, Akihiro Yasue, Keiji Moriyama and Eiji Tanaka : A Long-term Follow-up of Mandibular Deviation Caused by Congenital Cervical Lymphangioma Treated with an Orthodontic Approach., The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Vol.22, No.6, 713-720, 2021.
(要約)
The hybrid technique combining functional appliance and intermaxillary elastics proves to be an effective therapy for correcting occlusal cant and mandibular deviation caused by cervical lymphangioma.
Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir, Takashi Izawa, Akihiko Iwasa, Fumiya Kano, Akihito Yamamoto and Eiji Tanaka : The immunoregulatory role of p21 in the development of the temporomandibular joint-osteoarthritis., Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, Vol.7, No.3, 313-322, 2021.
(要約)
mice aged 8 weeks were divided into the untreated and treated groups. In the treated groups, mechanical stress was applied to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) through forced mouth opening for 3 hr/day for 7 days. The dissected TMJs were assessed using micro-CT, histology, and immunohistochemistry.
Mitsuhiro Iwata, Atsushi Saito, Yuko Kuroda, Takehiro Shinohara, Daishi Arai, Hirofumi Horie and Eiji Tanaka : Comprehensive treatment for severe periodontitis with pathologic tooth migration-related bimaxillary protrusion: A case report with 3-year follow-up., The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol.152, No.6, 471-482.e2, 2021.
(要約)
Favorable esthetics, stable occlusion, and highly cleansable periodontal tissues were achieved with well-planned interdisciplinary and comprehensive treatment, although the patient had severe periodontitis and PTM-related bimaxillary protrusion.
Natalia García, Pelayo Fernández, Eiji Tanaka, Eva Barrientos, Jesús María Lamela-Rey, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Carlos Vicente Juan de : Effect of region-dependent viscoelastic properties on the TMJ articular disc relaxation under prolonged clenching., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.119, 2021.
(要約)
The disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is located between the mandibular condyle and temporal bone, and has an important load-bearing and stress absorbing function. The TMJ disc presents viscoelastic characteristics that are largely dependent on its collagen fibre and proteoglycan composition and organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the possible effects of region-specific dynamic viscoelastic properties on stress relaxation during prolonged clenching. Two finite element models were used to compare the stress distribution within the TMJ disc, namely, one with uniform disc material property and another one with region-specific disc material properties. Similar results were observed in both models with slight differences in the location of maximum stress. Larger stresses were observed in all cases for the model with uniform disc material property. Moreover, the higher values for the model with uniform disc material property appeared in the lateral region, while in the model with region-specific disc properties, these values moved to the lateral and central region. This investigation confirms that both models are sufficiently accurate to investigate stress distribution in the TMJ disc, and, particularly, the model with the region-specific disc material properties ensure better simulations of the TMJ disc behaviour.
Taiji Nakano, Akira Nakajima, Hiroto Watanabe, Ayaka Osada, Yasuhiro Namura, Takayuki Yoneyama, Eiji Tanaka and Mitsuru Motoyoshi : Evaluation of torque moment in esthetic brackets from bendable alloy wires., The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.91, No.5, 2021.
(要約)
The current study identified the material characteristics of CR, ZR, and PC brackets during torque tooth movements. The present results demonstrate a characteristic combined effect between different esthetic brackets and bendable alloy wires.
Toyoaki Takagi, Sou Shimizu and Eiji Tanaka : Surgical orthodontic treatment of skeletal mandibular protrusion with multiple impacted ankylosed teeth treated with alveolar corticotomy, The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Vol.22, No.4, 412-421, 2021.
(要約)
To present a case of skeletal mandibular protrusion with multiple impacted ankylosed teeth, which were treated with conventional orthognathic surgery and alveolar corticotomy, respectively. Tooth ankylosis is characterized by the fusion of a root surface with the surrounding alveolar bone. Various treatment modalities for tooth ankylosis have been developed and are used commonly in the clinic. Corticotomy is defined as the application of intentional surgical injury to the cortical bone to mobilize a tooth with the adjacent bone and soft tissues. The corticotomy technique has been improved in recent years to avoid possible risks such as periodontal damage, tooth devitalization, and osseous necrosis due to an inadequate blood supply. A female patient aged 16 years and 3 months was diagnosed with anterior crossbite and the impaction and ankylosis of multiple canines. After the confirmation of ankylosis, alveolar corticotomy was performed on the maxillary left and mandibular right canines. After 6 months of traction (patient age, 19 years and 7 months), both canines had extruded successfully. After the completion of preoperative treatment, bilateral intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy was performed to correct the anterior crossbite involving a skeletal mandibular protrusion. The amounts of mandibular setback on the right and left sides were approximately 7 and 5 mm, respectively. The total treatment period was 55 months. Acceptable occlusion with a balanced profile was maintained over a 5-year retention period, indicating the long-term stability and success of the treatment. Our results indicate that alveolar corticotomy should be considered to facilitate the treatment of multiple impacted ankylosed teeth. This report proposes an efficacy of alveolar corticotomy for extrusion of impacted ankylosed teeth.
(キーワード)
成人 (adult) / Alveolar Process / Cuspid / 女性 (female) / Humans / Mandible / Tooth Ankylosis / Tooth Movement Techniques / Tooth, Impacted / Young Adult
Natsuko Hichijo, Yasusei Kudo and Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic treatment of open bite involved in diffuse hypercementosis: A case report., The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol.152, No.2, 166-175, 2021.
(要約)
Open bite is considered one of the most complicated malocclusions in orthodontic treatment. In this study, the authors successfully treated total open bite involved in hypercementosis using orthodontic miniscrews. A woman aged 25 years 8 months had total open bite. Her occlusal contact at the maximum intercuspation was present at the right second molars. A panoramic radiograph showed diffuse hypercementosis. The titanium miniscrews were interradicullay implanted between the first and second molars, and intrusion force was applied for 14 months. After active treatment, the patient's maxillary first molars showed about 1.6-millimeters of intrusion, resulting in counterclockwise mandibular rotation. Her acceptable occlusion was maintained after 1.0-year retention. Miniscrews might be useful tool to improve malocclusion involved in diffuse hypercementosis though they are considered to be difficult to move and brought on ankylosis.
(キーワード)
Adult / Cephalometry / Female / Humans / Hypercementosis / Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Open Bite / Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Tooth Movement Techniques
Hiroko Sato, Yuta Matsuki, N Kajimoto, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine, Eiji Tanaka and Kenichi Hamada : Effects of water immersion on shear bond strength reduction after current application of resin-modified glass-ionomer-cements containing and not containing an ionic liquid., Dental Materials Journal, Vol.40, No.1, 35-43, 2021.
(要約)
The enhancement in the bonding strength of advanced dental cements has enabled long-lasting dental restorations. However, the high bonding strength can cause difficulty in removing these restorations. Therefore, "smart" dental cements with simultaneous strong bonding and easy on-demand debonding ability are required. A resin-modified glass-ionomer-cement (RMGIC) with an ionic liquid (IL) has demonstrated significant reduction in the bonding strength with current application (CA). This research investigates the effect of immersion in distilled water on the electric conductivity and bonding strength of RMGIC with and without an IL and CA. The RMGIC without the IL exhibited significant electric conductivity after immersion, and a significant decrease in bonding strength with CA. In comparison, the electric conductivity after immersion and the decrease in bonding strength with CA were greater for RMGIC with the IL. Thus, the feasibility of smart dental cements capable of electrically debonding-on-demand is indicated.
Susumu Abe, Miyagi Akane, Kaoru Yoshinaga, Yoshizo Matsuka, Fumihiro Matsumoto, Uyama Emi, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Masamitsu Ohshima, Kazuo Okura and Eiji Tanaka : Immediate Effect of Masticatory Muscle Activity with Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Muscle Pain of Temporomandibular Disorders Patients, Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol.9, No.10, 3330, 2020.
(要約)
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive treatment modality for acute and chronic pain. However, little information for muscle activity is available on the immediate effects of TENS in masticatory muscle pain related to temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). The present study aimed to evaluate the immediate effects of TENS treatment on TMD-related muscle pain. Thirty-six patients with TMD-related muscle pain and 39 healthy subjects served as TMD and control groups, respectively. For objective evaluations, maximum mouth opening, and maximum bite force were measured before and after TENS. The pain intensity was assessed according to a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). TENS was applied to painful muscles for 20 min with frequencies of 100-200 Hz. The treatment outcome was evaluated using Global Rating of Change (GRC) scales. In the TMD group, VAS values significantly decreased after TENS. Although there was significant increase in the maximum mouth opening after TENS for only TMD group, the maximum bite force of both groups was significantly greater after TENS. According to GRC scales, one patient with TMD-related muscle pain expressed negative feelings after TENS. Conclusively, TENS treatment might quickly relieve pain in masticatory muscles and improve masticatory functions in patients with TMD-related muscle pain.
Munenori Habuta, Akihiro Yasue, T Ken-Ichi Suzuki, Hirofumi Fujita, Keita Sato, Hitomi Kono, Ayuko Takayama, Tetsuya Bando, Satoru Miyaishi, Seiichi Oyadomari, Eiji Tanaka and Hideyo Ohuchi : Fgf10-CRISPR mosaic mutants demonstrate the gene dose-related loss of the accessory lobe and decrease in the number of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells in mouse lung., PLoS ONE, Vol.15, No.10, 2020.
(要約)
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing often generates founder generation (F0) mice that exhibit somatic mosaicism in the targeted gene(s). It has been known that Fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10)-null mice exhibit limbless and lungless phenotypes, while intermediate limb phenotypes (variable defective limbs) are observed in the Fgf10-CRISPR F0 mice. However, how the lung phenotype in the Fgf10-mosaic mutants is related to the limb phenotype and genotype has not been investigated. In this study, we examined variable lung phenotypes in the Fgf10-targeted F0 mice to determine if the lung phenotype was correlated with percentage of functional Fgf10 genotypes. Firstly, according to a previous report, Fgf10-CRISPR F0 embryos on embryonic day 16.5 (E16.5) were classified into three types: type I, no limb; type II, limb defect; and type III, normal limbs. Cartilage and bone staining showed that limb truncations were observed in the girdle, (type I), stylopodial, or zeugopodial region (type II). Deep sequencing of the Fgf10-mutant genomes revealed that the mean proportion of codons that encode putative functional FGF10 was 8.3 ± 6.2% in type I, 25.3 ± 2.7% in type II, and 54.3 ± 9.5% in type III (mean ± standard error of the mean) mutants at E16.5. Histological studies showed that almost all lung lobes were absent in type I embryos. The accessory lung lobe was often absent in type II embryos with other lobes dysplastic. All lung lobes formed in type III embryos. The number of terminal tubules was significantly lower in type I and II embryos, but unchanged in type III embryos. To identify alveolar type 2 epithelial (AECII) cells, known to be reduced in the Fgf10-heterozygous mutant, immunostaining using anti-surfactant protein C (SPC) antibody was performed: In the E18.5 lungs, the number of AECII was correlated to the percentage of functional Fgf10 genotypes. These data suggest the Fgf10 gene dose-related loss of the accessory lobe and decrease in the number of alveolar type 2 epithelial cells in mouse lung. Since dysfunction of AECII cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of parenchymal lung diseases, the Fgf10-CRISPR F0 mouse would present an ideal experimental system to explore it.
Ayami Ito, Kazuna Tachiki, Ryoko Shioyasono, Mohannad Ashtar, Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Hiasa and Eiji Tanaka : Hemifacial Microsomia Caused by First and Second Brachial Arch Syndrome Treated with Orthodontic Approach: A Case Report., The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, Vol.21, No.10, 1189-1195, 2020.
(要約)
This report proposes an efficacy of conventional orthodontic treatment for growing patients with hemifacial microsomia involved in the FSBAS.
Eva Barrientos, Fernández Pelayo, Eiji Tanaka, Jesús María Lamela-Rey, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Carlos Vicente Juan de : Effects of loading direction in prolonged clenching on stress distribution in the temporomandibular joint., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.112, 2020.
(要約)
Parafunctional habits, such as bruxism and prolonged clenching, have been associated with dysfunctional hyperactivity of the masticatory muscles, including the lateral pterygoid muscle. The resultant loading to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is subject to the degradation of bone, cartilage and disc in the TMJ. In this study, we examined the effect of clenching direction on the stress distribution in the TMJ. In this line, we hypothesised that asymmetrical clenching involved in parafunction might result in increased stresses on the TMJ disc as well as on the condylar and temporal articular surfaces. The distribution of stress for various directional loadings was analysed using a three-dimensional finite element model of the TMJ, with viscoelastic properties for the disc. The numerical results revealed that load direction influenced the amount and distribution of stresses on the disc surfaces. In particular, the lateral region of the disc suffered higher stress values. Moreover, the results showed a significant stress relaxation in the disc that revealed its capacity for stress energy dissipation. From the present study, it can be established that during prolonged clenching, the higher stresses are concentrated in the lateral region, which could imply that TMJ disorders related to damage or wear in the disc and the condylar cartilage, overall, occur when lateral dysfunctional displacements are present.
Aki Ichihara, Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Daishi Arai, Yoshiyuki Minegishi, Seiichi Oyadomari, Issei Imoto and Eiji Tanaka : The C-terminal region including the MH6 domain of Msx1 regulates skeletal development., Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.526, No.1, 62-69, 2020.
(要約)
MSX1 is a causative gene for oligodontia in humans. Although conventional Msx1-deficient mice die neonatally, a mutant mouse lacking the C-terminus MH6 domain of MSX1 (Msx1) showed two different phenotypes; newborn homozygotes with cleft palates died neonatally, whereas those with thin palates remained alive and had craniofacial dysplasia and growth retardation compared with wild-type mice, with most mice dying by the age of 4-5 weeks. In a previously reported case of human oligodontia caused by a heterozygous defect of the Msx1 MH6 domain, a small foramen was observed on the occipital bone. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the Msx1 MH6 domain is involved in bone formation in vivo. In Msx1 mice, cranial suture fusion was delayed at embryonic day 18.5, and the anteroposterior cranial diameter was smaller and long bone length was decreased at 3 weeks of age. The femoral epiphysis showed no change in the trabecular number, but decreased bone mass, bone density, and trabecular width in Msx1 mice. In addition, cancellous bone mass was reduced and the cartilage layer in the growth plate was thinner in Msx1 mice. The mRNA expression levels of major osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation marker genes were decreased in Msx1 mice compared with wild-type mice. These findings suggest that the C-terminal region including the MH6 domain of MSX1 plays important roles not only in tooth development and palatal fusion, but also in postnatal bone formation.
Mohannad Ashtar, Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene, Masahiro Hiasa, Asuka Oda, Kotaro Tanimoto, Sou Shimizu, Yoshiki Higa, Takeshi Harada, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Shingen Nakamura, Shiroh Fujii, Ryohei Sumitani, Hirokazu Miki, Kengo Udaka, Mamiko Takahashi, Kumiko Kagawa, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : The Roles of ROS Generation in RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis: Suppressive Effects of Febuxostat., Cancers, Vol.12, No.4, 2020.
(要約)
Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis, is upregulated in multiple myeloma (MM). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat, clinically used for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome, has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit not only the generation of uric acid but also the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has been demonstrated to mediate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. In the present study, we therefore explored the role of cancer-treatment-induced ROS in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and the suppressive effects of febuxostat on ROS generation and osteoclastogenesis. RANKL dose-dependently induced ROS production in RAW264.7 preosteoclastic cells; however, febuxostat inhibited the RANKL-induced ROS production and osteoclast (OC) formation. Interestingly, doxorubicin (Dox) further enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through upregulation of ROS production, which was mostly abolished by addition of febuxostat. Febuxostat also inhibited osteoclastogenesis enhanced in cocultures of bone marrow cells with MM cells. Importantly, febuxostat rather suppressed MM cell viability and did not compromise Dox's anti-MM activity. In addition, febuxostat was able to alleviate pathological osteoclastic activity and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Collectively, these results suggest that excessive ROS production by aberrant RANKL overexpression and/or anticancer treatment disadvantageously impacts bone, and that febuxostat can prevent the ROS-mediated osteoclastic bone damage.
Nobuhiko Kawai, Manami Shibata, Masahiko Watanabe, Shinya Horiuchi, Kenji Fushima and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of functional training after orthognathic surgery on masticatory function in patients with mandibular prognathism., Journal of Dental Sciences, Vol.15, No.4, 419-425, 2020.
(要約)
In the training group, the AI value during MVC increased significantly and the EI value during gam chewing decreased significantly after surgical orthodontic treatment (AI: p < 0.01; EI: p < 0.01), indicating the improvement of activity balance of masseter and temporalis muscles and conversion of the jaw movement from abnormal to normal pattern (p < 0.01).
Naoko Ogasawara, Fumiya Kano, Noboru Hashimoto, Hiroki Mori, YAO LIU, LINZE XIA, Takuma Sakamaki, Hideharu Hibi, Tsutomu Iwamoto, Eiji Tanaka and Akihito Yamamoto : Factors Secreted from Dental Pulp Stem Cells Show Multifaceted Benefits for Treating Experimental Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis, Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Vol.28, No.6, 831-841, 2020.
(要約)
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) is a degenerative disease characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration, abnormal bone remodeling, and chronic pain. In this study, we aimed to investigate effective therapies to reverse or suppress TMJOA progression. To this end, we performed intravenous administration of serum free conditioned media from human exfoliated deciduous teeth stem cells (SHED-CM) into a mechanical-stress induced murine TMJOA model. SHED-CM administration markedly suppressed temporal muscle inflammation, and improved bone integrity and surface smoothness of the destroyed condylar cartilage. Moreover, SHED-CM treatment decreased the number of IL-1β, iNOS, and MMP-13 expressing chondrocytes, whereas it specifically increased PCNA-positive cells in the multipotent polymorphic cell layer. Notably, the numbers of TUNEL-positive apoptotic chondrocytes in the SHED-CM treated condyles were significantly lower than in those treated with DMEM, whereas the proteoglycan positive area was restored to a level similar to that of the sham treated group, demonstrating that SHED-CM treatment regenerated the mechanical-stress injured condylar cartilage and subchondral bone. Secretome analysis revealed that SHED-CM contained multiple therapeutic factors that act in osteochondral regeneration. Our data demonstrated that SHED-CM treatment promoted the regeneration and repair of mechanical-stress induced mouse TMJOA. Our observations suggest that SHED-CM has potential to be a potent tissue-regenerating therapeutic agent for patients with severe TMJOA.
Chihiro Arai, Nobuhiko Kawai, Yoshiaki Nomura, Atsushi Tsuge, Yoshiki Nakamura and Eiji Tanaka : Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound enhances the rate of lateral tooth movement and compensatory bone formation in rats., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.157, No.1, 59-66, 2020.
(要約)
The present study provides evidence of the beneficial effects of LIPUS on the lateral tooth movement.
Mitsuhiro Iwata, Atsushi Saito, Yuko Kuroda, Takehiro Shinohara and Eiji Tanaka : Interdisciplinary therapy for severe periodontitis with Angle Class II Division 1 malocclusion: A case report with 7-year follow-up, The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol.150, No.11, 960-971, 2019.
(要約)
Previous studies have suggested that occlusal discrepancy is a risk factor contributing to periodontal disease. Occlusal discrepancy could increase the risk of developing infrabony defects. The authors present a case of a patient with severe periodontitis who exhibited many infrabony defects in the molar region due to malocclusion-induced trauma. They report the 7-year treatment outcomes of the patient after periodontal regenerative and comprehensive orthodontic therapies for functional recovery with implant prosthodontics. A 56-year-old woman sought treatment with the chief symptom of masticatory disturbance. In the molar region, excessive tooth mobility, deep periodontal pockets, and infrabony defects were observed. She had excessive overjet, resulting in collapse of anterior guidance. Malocclusion was considered to be an exacerbating factor of the infrabony defects. After initial periodontal therapy, the authors performed periodontal regenerative therapy in the mandibular molar regions. The authors carefully placed implants in a position in the maxillary molar region that would ensure an appropriate anterior dental relationship after orthodontic treatment. Comprehensive orthodontic treatment was subsequently performed, using implants as anchoring units. Definitive surgery was then performed on the mandibular molars before placing the final prosthesis. Favorable periodontal condition and stable occlusion have been maintained for the 7-year posttreatment period. Comprehensive and interdisciplinary treatment enables stable occlusion and establishment of periodontal and peri-implant tissues with high cleansability, even in patients with severe periodontitis and malocclusion. In this case, a favorable long-term treatment outcome can be expected.
Eva Barrientos, Fernandez Pelayo, Eiji Tanaka, Jesús María Lamela-Rey and Alfonso Fernández-Canteli : Viscoelastic properties of the central region of porcine temporomandibular joint disc in shear stress-relaxation., Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.93, 126-131, 2019.
(要約)
In this study, shear relaxation properties of the porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc are investigated. Previous studies have shown that, in fatigue failure and damage of cartilage and fibrocartilage, shear loads could be one of the biggest contributors to the failure. The aim of the present study is to develop an evaluation method to study shear properties of the disc and to do a mathematical characterization of it. For the experiments, twelve porcine discs were used. Each disc was dissected from the TMJ and, then, static strain control tests were carried out to obtain the shear relaxation modulus for the central region of the discs. From the results, it was found that the disc presents a viscoelastic behavior under shear loads. Relaxation modulus decreased with time. Shear relaxation was 10% of the instantaneous stress, which implies that the viscous properties of the disc cannot be neglected. The present results lead to a better understanding of the discs mechanical behavior under realistic TMJ working conditions.
Eva Barrientos, Fernandez Pelayo, A Noriega, Jesús María Lamela-Rey, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Optimal discrete-time Prony series fitting method for viscoelastic materials., Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Vol.23, No.2, 193-206, 2019.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Izawa : Crosstalk between Fas and S1P1 signaling via NF-kB in osteoclasts controls bone destruction in the TMJ due to rheumatoid arthritis, Japanese Dental Science Review, Vol.55, No.1, 12-19, 2019.
Natsuko Hichijo, Masahiro Furutani, Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Excessive gingival display treated with 2-piece segmental Le Fort I osteotomy: A case report., The Journal of the American Dental Association, Vol.150, No.1, 58-68, 2018.
(要約)
It is hoped that 2-piece segmental Le Fort I osteotomy becomes a common treatment option for patients with protrusive profiles and excessive gingival displays.
Naoki Maeda, Hidehiko Hosoki, Midori Yoshida, Hideki Suito, Oyunbat Dashpuntsag, Fumihiro Matsumoto, Yoshizo Matsuka, Eiji Tanaka and Eiichi Honda : Time-course observation of patients with arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint on MRI, Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.31, No.1, 25-31, 2018.
(要約)
Patients with arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint are examined by MRI, but fewer cases are followed over time by performing MRI several times. The objective of this study was to investigate the presence or absence and types of changes in the structure of the mandibular condyle and articular disc on MR images over time in patients examined by MRI for the diagnosis of arthritis of the temporomandibular joint in order to clarify the usefulness of performing MRI several times.<br> MR images for patients who underwent MRI several times based on the clinical diagnosis of arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint were analyzed.<br> Twenty-three patients were examined by MRI twice or more. The shortest and longest intervals between the first and final examinations were 75 and 2,588 days, respectively, and the mean was 735 days. Changes in the bone structure of the mandibular condyle were noted on the first MRI in approximately 63 % and new changes were noted on the final examination in approximately 24 %. In addition, the articular disc position in the closed or open mouth had changed on the later examinationin approximately 15 %.<br> Performing MRI several times along the clinical course was found to be useful to diagnose the disease stage, judge the treatment effects, and help predict the outcome in patients with arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint.
Megumi Takada, Akira Nakajima, Shingo Kuroda, Shinya Horiuchi, Noriyoshi Shimizu and Eiji Tanaka : In vitro evaluation of frictional force of a novel elastic bendable orthodontic wire., The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.88, No.5, 602-610, 2018.
(要約)
These findings demonstrate that the Ti-Nb alloy wire has almost the same frictional resistance as the Ti-Ni alloy wire, although it has a higher elastic modulus.
Takashi Izawa, Islamy Rahma Hutami and Eiji Tanaka : Potential role of rebamipide in osteoclast differentiation and mandibular condylar cartilage homeostasis, Current Rheumatology Reviews, Vol.14, No.1, 62-69, 2018.
(要約)
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a degenerative disease that involves changes in subchondral bone and progressive degradation of cartilage. Currently, rebamipide, a gastroprotective drug, is administered to protect gastric mucosa and accelerate ulcer healing. Recent studies have shown that rebamipide also attenuates cartilage degeneration by suppressing oxidative damage and inducing homeostasis of the extracellular matrix of articular chondrocytes. Regarding the latter, reduced expression of cathepsin K, NFATc1, c-Src, and integrin 3, and increased expression of nuclear factor-kappa B, have been found to be mediated by the transcription factor, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL). Treatment with rebamipide was also found to activate, mitogen-activated protein kinases such as p38, ERK, and JNK to reduce osteoclast differentiation. Taken together, these results strongly indicate that rebamipide mediates inhibitory effects on cartilage degradation and osteoclastogenesis in TMJ-OA. Here, we highlight recent evidence regarding the potential for rebamipide to affect osteoclast differentiation and TMJ-OA pathogenesis. We also discuss the potential for rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA.
Shinya Horiuchi, Hiromichi Yumoto, Tomoko Kimura, Minami Sato, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Masahiro Hiasa, Eiji Nishikawa, Tarek El-Bialy and Eiji Tanaka : Effect of pulsed ultrasound toothbrush on Streptococcus mutans biofilm removal., American Journal of Dentistry, Vol.31, No.2, 67-70, 2018.
(要約)
The sonic vibration with pulsed ultrasound showed more reduction of the biofilm compared to the control and the sonic vibration with and without continuous ultrasound. Thus, pulsed ultrasound action may be beneficial for biofilm removal of interproximal regions.
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Takayuki Uchida, Yoshihiro Sakashita, Kanako Kitahata, Yui Yamashita, Chisato Tomida, Yuki Kimori, Akio Komatsu, Katsuya Hirasaka, Ayako Maita, Reiko Nakao, Atsushi Higashitani, Akira Higashibata, Noriaki Ishioka, Toru Shimazu, Takeshi Kobayashi, Yuushi Okumura, Inho Choi, Motoko Oarada, M Edward Mills, Shigetada Kondo, Shin'ichi Takeda, Eiji Tanaka, Keiji Tanaka, Masahiro Sokabe and Takeshi Nikawa : Reactive oxygen species up-regulate expression of muscle atrophy-associated ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells., American Journal of Physiology, Cell Physiology, Vol.314, No.6, C721-C731, 2018.
(要約)
Unloading-mediated muscle atrophy is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We previously demonstrated that elevated ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) resulted in the loss of muscle volume [Nakao R. et al. Mol Cell Biol, 29: 4798-4811, 2009]. However, the pathological role of ROS production associated with unloading-mediated muscle atrophy still remains unknown. Here, we showed the ROS-mediated signal transduction caused by microgravity or its simulation contributes to Cbl-b expression. In L6 myotubes, the assessment of redox status revealed that oxidized glutathione was increased under microgravity conditions, and simulated microgravity caused a burst of ROS, implicating ROS as a critical upstream mediator linking to downstream atrophic signaling. ROS generation activated the ERK1/2-early growth response protein (Egr) 1/2-Cbl-b signaling pathway, an established contributing pathway to muscle volume loss. Interestingly, antioxidant treatment, such as N-acetylcysteine and TEMPOL, but not catalase, blocked the clinorotation-mediated activation of ERK1/2. The increased ROS induced transcriptional activity of Egr 1 and/or Egr 2 to stimulate Cbl-b expression through the ERK 1/2 pathway in L6 myoblasts, since treatment with Egr 1/2 siRNA and an ERK 1/2 inhibitor significantly suppressed clinorotation-induced Cbl-b and Egr expression, respectively. Promoter and gel mobility shift assays revealed that Cbl-b was upregulated via an Egr consensus oxidative responsive element at -110 to -60 bp of the Cbl-b promoter. Together this indicates that under microgravity conditions, elevated ROS may be a crucial mechanotransducer in skeletal muscle cells, regulating muscle mass, through Cbl-b expression activated by the ERK-Egr signaling pathway.
Manami Shirai, Nobuhiko Kawai, Natsuko Hichijo, Masahiko Watanabe, Hiroyo Mori, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of gum chewing exercise on maximum bite force according to facial morphology., Clinical and Experimental Dental Research, Vol.4, No.2, 48-51, 2018.
(要約)
Development of the masticatory system is influenced by functional needs. Furthermore, masticatory exercise can improve masticatory function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effect of the gum chewing exercise on the maximum bite force (MBF) in adult subjects with different facial morphologies. MBF was measured by a portable occlusal force gauge and lateral cephalogram was used for evaluation of craniofacial morphology in 19 individuals (7 males and 12 females) with a mean age of 25.4 years (SD ± 4.3). The volunteers underwent gum chewing exercise for 5 min twice a day for 4 weeks. MBF was measured before (T1) and after the 4-week exercise (T2). The facial morphology of the subjects was classified into the brachy (n = 7), mesio (n = 7), and dolicho (n = 5) facial types. In all three groups, exercise was associated with a significant increase in MBF, though the percent increase was highest in the dolicho facial type. We conclude that gum chewing exercise can improve masticatory performance, especially in individuals with dolicho facial morphology.
Nao Kinouchi, Shinya Horiuchi, Akihiro Yasue, Yuko Kuroda, Nobuhiko Kawai, Keiichiro Watanabe, Takashi Izawa, Ichiro Hashimoto, H Ali Hassan and Eiji Tanaka : Effectiveness of presurgical nasoalveolar molding therapy on unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity., Saudi Medical Journal, Vol.39, No.2, 169-178, 2018.
(要約)
To evaluate the effectiveness of pre-surgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) in patients with unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities. Methods: This was a retrospective study involving 29 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate defects, of whom 13 were treated with palatal devices with nasal stents (PNAM group) and 16 were treated with palatal devices without nasal stents or surgical tapes (control group). Submental oblique photographs and orthodontic models were longitudinally obtained at the initial visit (T1) and immediately before (T2) and after cheiloplasty (T3). Asymmetry of the external nose, degree of columellar shifting, nasal tip/ala nose ratio, nasal base angle, interalveolar gap, and the sagittal difference in the alveolar gap were measured. The study was conducted in the Orthodontic Clinic at Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan between 1997 and 2012. Results: At T1, there were no significant intergroup differences in the first 4 asymmetry parameters. At T2, the PNAM group showed a significant improvement in all values compared to the control group. At T3, the PNAM group showed significant improvement in nasal asymmetry and columellar shifting. Model analysis showed significantly greater changes in the inter-alveolar gap and the sagittal difference of the alveolar cleft gap from T1 to T2 in the PNAM group. Conclusion: The use of PNAM is indispensable for pre-surgical orthodontic treatment at the early postnatal age.
Shingo Kuroda, Masahide Inoue, Hee-Moon Kyung, Harm Jan Koolstra and Eiji Tanaka : Stress Distribution in Obliquely Inserted Orthodontic Miniscrews Evaluated by Three-Dimensional Finite-Element Analysis., The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants, Vol.32, No.2, 344-349, 2017.
(要約)
An obliquely inserted miniscrew and its surrounding tissues generally provide sufficient anchorage for 2 N of orthodontic loading, but care must be taken to avoid screw failure during placement and removal of obliquely placed miniscrews.
Akihiko Iwasa, Shinya Horiuchi, Nao Kinouchi, Takashi Izawa, Masahiro Hiasa, Nobuhiko Kawai, Akihiro Yasue, H Ali Hassan and Eiji Tanaka : Skeletal anchorage for intrusion of bimaxillary molars in a patient with skeletal open bite and temporomandibular disorders., Journal of Orthodontic Science, Vol.6, No.4, 152-158, 2017.
(要約)
The treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite is extremely difficult in adults, and orthognathic surgery is generally selected for its treatment. We report the case of an 18-year-old adult patient with skeletal anterior open bite and temporomandibular disorders who was successfully treated using temporary anchorage devices. She had an open bite of -2.0 mm and an increased facial height. Miniplates were implanted in both the maxilla and mandible, and molar intrusion resulted in counterclockwise rotation of the mandible over a period of 12 months. After active treatment, her upper and lower first molars were intruded by approximately 2 mm and her overbite became +2.5 mm. Her retrognathic profile improved with counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Orthodontic treatment aided with skeletal anchorage is beneficial for intrusion of bimaxillary molars in patients with anterior open bite.
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) agonists induce tumor-specific apoptosis indicating that they may be an attractive therapeutic strategy against cancers, including multiple myeloma (MM). Osteoclastogenesis is highly induced in MM, which in turn enhances MM growth, thereby forming a vicious cycle between MM tumor expansion and bone destruction. However, the effects of TRAIL on MM-enhanced osteoclastogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we show that TRAIL induced apoptosis in MM cells, but not in osteoclasts (OCs), and that it rather facilitated receptor activator of NF-B ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis along with upregulation of cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP). TRAIL did not induce death-inducing signaling complex formation in OCs, but formed secondary complex (complex II) with the phosphorylation of transforming growth factor -activated kinase-1 (TAK1), and thus activated NF-B signaling. c-FLIP knockdown abolished complex II formation, thus permitting TRAIL induction of OC cell death. The TAK1 inhibitor LLZ1640-2 abrogated the TRAIL-induced c-FLIP upregulation and NF-B activation, and triggered TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation and cell death in OCs. Interestingly, the TRAIL-induced caspase-8 activation caused enzymatic degradation of the transcription factor Sp1 to noticeably reduce c-FLIP expression, which further sensitized OCs to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, the TAK1 inhibition induced antiosteoclastogenic activity by TRAIL even in cocultures with MM cells while potentiating TRAIL's anti-MM effects. These results demonstrated that osteoclastic lineage cells use TRAIL for their differentiation and activation through tilting caspase-8-dependent apoptosis toward NF-B activation, and that TAK1 inhibition subverts TRAIL-mediated NF-B activation to resume TRAIL-induced apoptosis in OCs while further enhancing MM cell death in combination with TRAIL.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Takashi Izawa, Akiko Mino, Takehiro Shinohara, Hiroki Mori, Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Fas/S1P1 crosstalk via NF-B activation in osteoclasts controls subchondral bone remodeling in murine TMJ arthritis, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.490, No.4, 1274-1281, 2017.
(要約)
Enhanced turnover of subchondral trabecular bone is a hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and it results from an imbalance between bone resorption and bone formation activities. To investigate the formation and activation of osteoclasts which mediate bone resorption, a Fas-deficient MRL/lpr mouse model which spontaneously develops autoimmune arthritis and exhibits decreased bone mass was studied. Various assays were performed on subchondral trabecular bone of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) from MRL/lpr mice and MRL+/+ mice. Initially, greater osteoclast production was observed in vitro from bone marrow macrophages obtained from MRL/lpr mice due to enhanced phosphorylation of NF-B, as well as Akt and MAPK, to receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand (RANKL). Expression of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) was also significantly upregulated in the condylar cartilage. S1P1 was found to be required for S1P-induced migration of osteoclast precursor cells and downstream signaling via Rac1. When SN50, a synthetic NF-B-inhibitory peptide, was applied to the MRL/lpr mice, subchondral trabecular bone loss was reduced and both production of osteoclastogenesis markers and sphingosine kinase (Sphk) 1/S1P1 signaling were reduced. Thus, the present results suggest that Fas/S1P1 signaling via activation of NF-B in osteoclast precursor cells is a key factor in the pathogenesis of RA in the TMJ.
ODO BAYARSAIKHAN, Nobuhiko Kawai, Hiroyo Mori, Nao Kinouchi, Takeshi Nikawa and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of co-transfection with myostatin-targeting siRNA and ActRIIB-Fc fusion proein on skeletal muscle growth., Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences, Vol.30, No.1, 1-7, 2017.
Takashi Izawa, Islamy Rahma Hutami, Hiroki Mori and Eiji Tanaka : Role of Smad3 and S1P Signaling in Mandibular Condylar Cartilage Homeostasis, Journal of Bone Research, Vol.5, No.2, 178, 2017.
L Jose Calvo-Gallego, S Maria Commisso, Jaime Domínguez, Eiji Tanaka and Javier Martínez-Reina : Effect of freezing storage time on the elastic and viscous properties of the porcine TMJ disc., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.71, 314-319, 2017.
(要約)
The correct characterisation of the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is key to study the masticatory biomechanics. For the interval from extraction until testing, freezing is the most used preservation technique for biological tissues, but its influence on their behaviour is still unclear. An important error can be committed in the characterisation of such tissues if freezing has any effect on their mechanical properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the freezing storage time causes any change in the mechanical properties of the TMJ discs. To check that, the specimens were stored in a -20°C freezer during different time intervals: 1 day, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Fresh specimens, tested right after extraction, were used as the control group. Compressive stress relaxation tests were carried out on the specimens and a quasi-linear viscoelastic (QLV) model was used to fit the experimental curves. A statistical analysis detected significant differences among the groups. Post-hoc tests determined that freezing the specimens more than 30 days may lead to changes in the viscoelastic properties of the tissue.
Akihiro Yasue, Hitomi Kono, Munenori Habuta, Tetsuya Bando, Keita Sato, Junji Inoue, Seiichi Oyadomari, Sumihare Noji, Eiji Tanaka and Hideyo Ohuchi : Relationship between somatic mosaicism of Pax6 mutation and variable developmental eye abnormalities-an analysis of CRISPR genome-edited mouse embryos., Scientific Reports, Vol.7, No.1, 2017.
(要約)
The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system is a rapid gene-targeting technology that does not require embryonic stem cells. To demonstrate dosage effects of the Pax6 gene on eye formation, we generated Pax6-deficient mice with the CRISPR/Cas system. Eyes of founder embryos at embryonic day (E) 16.5 were examined and categorized according to macroscopic phenotype as class 1 (small eye with distinct pigmentation), class 2 (pigmentation without eye globes), or class 3 (no pigmentation and no eyes). Histologically, class 1 eyes were abnormally small in size with lens still attached to the cornea at E16.5. Class 2 eyes had no lens and distorted convoluted retinas. Class 3 eyes had only rudimentary optic vesicle-like tissues or histological anophthalmia. Genotyping of neck tissue cells from the founder embryos revealed somatic mosaicism and allelic complexity for Pax6. Relationships between eye phenotype and genotype were developed. The present results demonstrated that development of the lens from the surface ectoderm requires a higher gene dose of Pax6 than development of the retina from the optic vesicle. We further anticipate that mice with somatic mosaicism in a targeted gene generated by CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing will give some insights for understanding the complexity in human congenital diseases that occur in mosaic form.
Akiko Mino, Takashi Izawa, Takehiro Shinohara, Hiroki Mori, Akihiro Yasue, Shuhei Tomita and Eiji Tanaka : Roles of hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the temporomandibular joint., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.73, 274-281, 2017.
(要約)
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by permanent cartilage loss. Articular cartilage is maintained in a low-oxygen environment. The chondrocyte response to hypoxic conditions involves expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), which induces chondrocytes to increase expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Here, we investigated the role of HIF-1α in mechanical load effects on condylar cartilage and subchondral bone in heterozygous HIF-1α-deficient mice (HIF-1α(+/-)). Mechanical stress was applied to the TMJ of C57BL/6NCr wild-type (WT) and HIF-1α(+/-) mice with a sliding plate for 10 days. Histological analysis was performed by HE staining, Safranin-O/Fast green staining, and immunostaining specific for articular cartilage homeostasis. HIF-1α(+/-) mice had thinner cartilage and smaller areas of proteoglycan than WT controls, without and with mechanical stress. Mechanical stress resulted in prominent degenerative changes with increased expression of HIF-1α, VEGF, and the apoptosis factor cleaved Caspase-3 in condylar cartilage. Our results indicate that HIF-1α may be important for articular cartilage homeostasis and protective against articular cartilage degradation in the TMJ under mechanical stress condition, therefore HIF-1α could be an important new therapeutic target in TMJ-OA.
ODO BAYARSAIKHAN, Nobuhiko Kawai, Hiroyo Mori, Nao Kinouchi, Takeshi Nikawa and Eiji Tanaka : Co-Administration of Myostatin-Targeting siRNA and ActRIIB-Fc Fusion Protein Increases Masseter Muscle Mass and Fiber Size., Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, Vol.63, No.4, 244-248, 2017.
(要約)
Myostatin, a member of the TGF- superfamily, is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle cell growth and differentiation, and binds with high affinity to the activin type IIB receptor (ActRIIB). The soluble ligand-binding domain of ActRIIB fused to the Fc domain of IgG (ActRIIB-Fc) potently binds and inhibits TGF- family members in muscle, leading to rapid and marked muscle growth. The present study was designed to assess the effectiveness of the co-delivery of myostatin-targeting siRNA (Mstn-siRNA) and ActRIIB-Fc into skeletal muscle as a potential treatment of atrophic myopathies. Eleven-week-old, male C57BL/6 mice were injected with atelocollagen (ATCOL)-mediated Mstn-siRNA with/without ActRIIB-Fc locally into the masseter muscle twice a week. Inhibition of myostatin function by the combination of Mstn-siRNA and ActRIIB-Fc increased muscle weight and myofibril size in murine masseter muscle. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed significant downregulation of myostatin mRNA expression in both the Mstn-siRNA-treated and the combination treatment group. Furthermore, myogenin mRNA expression was upregulated in the combination treatment group, while MuRF-1 and Atrogin-1 mRNA expression was downregulated compared to administration of each compound alone. These findings suggest that double inhibition of myostatin is a potentially useful treatment strategy to increase muscle mass and fiber size and could be a useful treatment of patients with various muscle atrophies, including muscular dystrophy.
Takashi Izawa, Rieko Arakaki, Hiroki Mori, Takaaki Tsunematsu, Yasusei Kudo, Eiji Tanaka and Naozumi Ishimaru : The nuclear receptor AhR controls bone homeostasis by regulating osteoclast differentiation via the RANK/c-Fos signaling axis., The Journal of Immunology, Vol.197, No.12, 4639-4650, 2016.
(要約)
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway plays a key role in receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of AhR expression in osteoclasts and the signaling pathway through which AhR controls osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. We found that the expression of AhR in bone marrow-derived osteoclasts was upregulated by RANKL at an earlier stage than was the expression of signature osteoclast genes such as those encoding cathepsin K and NFAT, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1. In response to RANKL, bone marrow macrophages isolated from AhR(-/-) mice exhibited impaired phosphorylation of Akt and MAPK as well as NF-κB, whereas their response to M-CSF remained unchanged. Osteoclast differentiation mediated by the AhR signaling pathway was also regulated in an RANKL/c-Fos-dependent manner. Furthermore, ligand activation of AhR by the smoke toxin benzo[a]pyrene accelerated osteoclast differentiation in a receptor-dependent manner, and AhR-dependent regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in osteoclasts was observed. Moreover, AhR(-/-) mice exhibited impaired bone healing with delayed endochondral ossification. Taken together, the present results suggest that the RANKL/AhR/c-Fos signaling axis plays a critical role in osteoclastogenesis, thereby identifying the potential of AhR in treating pathological, inflammatory, or metabolic disorders of the bone.
Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue, Kiyoshi Masuda, Takuya Naruto, Yoshiyuki Minegishi, Seiichi Oyadomari, Sumihare Noji, Issei Imoto and Eiji Tanaka : Novel human mutation and CRISPR/Cas genome-edited mice reveal the importance of C-terminal domain of MSX1 in tooth and palate development., Scientific Reports, Vol.6, 2016.
(要約)
Several mutations, located mainly in the MSX1 homeodomain, have been identified in non-syndromic tooth agenesis predominantly affecting premolars and third molars. We identified a novel frameshift mutation of the highly conserved C-terminal domain of MSX1, known as Msx homology domain 6 (MH6), in a Japanese family with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. To investigate the importance of MH6 in tooth development, Msx1 was targeted in mice with CRISPR/Cas system. Although heterozygous MH6 disruption did not alter craniofacial development, homozygous mice exhibited agenesis of lower incisors with or without cleft palate at E16.5. In addition, agenesis of the upper third molars and the lower second and third molars were observed in 4-week-old mutant mice. Although the upper second molars were present, they were abnormally small. These results suggest that the C-terminal domain of MSX1 is important for tooth and palate development, and demonstrate that that CRISPR/Cas system can be used as a tool to assess causality of human disorders in vivo and to study the importance of conserved domains in genes.
This study aimed to examine hyaluronan (HA) metabolism in relation to the onset and progression of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) induced by mechanical overloading. Two-month-old and 6-month-old C57BL/6N mice were divided into experimental and untreated control groups (n = 5/group). A sliding plate was attached to the maxillary incisors of the experimental mice for 10 days to overload the condylar cartilage in TMJ. In experimental group, profound cartilage degradation was detected in haematoxylin-eosin, Safranin-O-Fast Green-stained sections. It was also shown that the cartilage degradation was greater in older mice in both the control and the experimental groups. The number of HABP-positive cells was decreased by mechanical overloading and with age. The reduction of HA expression was correlated with the progression of cartilage degradation induced by mechanical overloading. The absolute quantification of the mRNA expression related to HA synthesis and HA degradation was also performed in each group. The mRNA expression levels of HA synthase (HAS) 2 and 3 were lower in the experimental group compared with the control group in the younger mice. In contrast, the mRNA expression levels of the HA degradation gene, HYAL2 and KIAA1199, were higher in the experimental group compared with the control group in the older mice. Thus, mechanical overload differently affected the balance of HA degradation and HA synthesis in the older and younger mice, respectively. In conclusion, mechanical overloading affects HA metabolism and it might initiate or amplify the condylar cartilage degradation.
Myeloma (MM) cells and osteoclasts are mutually interacted to enhance MM growth while creating acidic bone lesions. Here, we explored acid sensing of MM cells and its role in MM cell response to acidic conditions. Acidic conditions activated the PI3K-Akt signaling in MM cells while upregulating the pH sensor transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) in a manner inhibitable by PI3K inhibition. The acid-activated PI3K-Akt signaling facilitated the nuclear localization of the transcription factor Sp1 to trigger the expression of its target genes, including TRPV1 and HDAC1. Consistently, histone deacetylation was enhanced in MM cells in acidic conditions, while repressing a wide variety of genes, including DR4. Indeed, acidic conditions deacetylated histone H3K9 in a DR4 gene promoter and curtailed DR4 expression in MM cells. However, inhibition of HDAC as well as either Sp1 or PI3K was able to restore DR4 expression in MM cells suppressed in acidic conditions. These results collectively demonstrate that acid activates the TRPV1-PI3K-Akt-Sp1 signaling in MM cells while inducing HDAC-mediated gene repression, and suggest that a positive feedback loop between acid sensing and the PI3K-Akt signaling is formed in MM cells, leading to MM cell response to acidic bone lesions.
Yohei Nakayama, Sari Matsui, Keisuke Noda, Mizuho Yamazaki, Yasunobu Iwai, Hiroyoshi Matsumura, Takashi Izawa, Eiji Tanaka, Bernhard Ganss and Yorimasa Ogata : Amelotin gene expression is temporarily being upregulated at the initiation of apoptosis induced by TGFb1 in mouse gingival epithelial cells, Apoptosis, Vol.21, No.10, 1057-1070, 2016.
Takashi Izawa, Hiroki Mori, Takehiro Shinohara, Akiko Mino, Islamy Rahma Hutami, Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Correction: Rebamipide Attenuates Mandibular Condylar Degeneration in a Murine Model of TMJ-OA by Mediating a Chondroprotective Effect and by Downregulating RANKL-Mediated Osteoclastogenesis., PLoS ONE, Vol.11, No.8, e0162032, 2016.
(要約)
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154107.].
Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue, Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Long-term stability of conservative orthodontic treatment in a patient with temporomandibular joint disorder., Journal of Orthodontic Science, Vol.5, No.3, 104-108, 2016.
(要約)
This article reports the orthodontic treatment of a 20-year-old patient with dental crowding and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). The patient presented moderate anterior crowding with a Class I molar relationship and masticatory disturbance in the mandibular position induced by previous splint therapy. Orthodontic treatment with multi-bracket appliance was initiated to correct the anterior crowding in both dental arches, after the extraction of first premolars and third molars, and also to maintain the splint-induced position of the condyles. After 26 months of treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved without any TMD symptoms. After 18-month retention, flattening on the right condyle was observed, possibly as an adaptative remodeling. After 16-year retention period, the occlusion was maintained without recurrence of any TMD symptoms, indicating a long-term stability of occlusion and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) components. Our results suggest the possibility of compromised treatment in patients with TMD to achieve a long-term stability in occlusion and TMJ function.
Shingo Kuroda, Natsuko Hichijo, Minami Sato, Akiko Mino, Nagato Tamamura, Mitsuhiro Iwata and Eiji Tanaka : Long-term stability of maxillary group distalization with interradicular miniscrews in a patient with a Class II Division 2 malocclusion., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.149, No.6, 912-922, 2016.
(要約)
We successfully treated a Class II Division 2 patient with maxillary group distalization using interradicular miniscrews. A woman, aged 28 years 11 months, had a convex profile and an excessive overjet caused by a skeletal Class II jaw-base relationship. After leveling and alignment, titanium miniscrews were obliquely implanted between the maxillary second premolar and first molar. To distalize the maxillary dentition, nickel-titanium closing coil springs with a 2-N load were placed between the screws and the hooks on the archwire. After 28 months of active orthodontic treatment, a proper facial profile and an acceptable occlusion were achieved with a 4-mm distalization of the maxillary dentition. The resultant occlusion was stable throughout a 5-year retention period. Interradicular miniscrews were useful to distalize the maxillary dentition for correcting a Class II malocclusion. This new strategy, group distalization with miniscrews, can make the treatment simpler with greater predictability.
Eiji Tanaka, Chieko Shiota, Minami Sato, Shinji Fujihara, Toshiro Kondoh and Shingo Kuroda : Unilateral mandibular condylar osteochondroma treated with ipsilateral condylectomy and contralateral ramus osteotomy., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.149, No.5, 740-750, 2016.
(要約)
We successfully treated a 32-year-old woman who had facial asymmetry and unilateral mandibular condylar osteochondroma using ipsilateral mandibular condylectomy and contralateral ramus osteotomy. Mirror image analysis with a noncontact 3-dimensional image scanner showed that the soft tissue on the deviated side was protruded more than 5.50 mm compared with the nondeviated side. The patient was diagnosed as having facial asymmetry with a skeletal Class III jaw-base relationship caused by unilateral mandibular condylar osteochondroma. After 18 months of preoperative orthodontic treatment, an ipsilateral condylectomy and a contralateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy were performed. As the result of postoperative orthodontic treatment for 20 months, an ideal occlusion with a Class I molar relationship and an adequate interincisal relationship was achieved. Facial asymmetry and mandibular protrusion were dramatically improved, and the total differences between the deviated and nondeviated sides were decreased to less than 1.11 mm. The acceptable occlusion and the symmetric face were maintained throughout the 1-year retention period. Our results indicated stability after condylectomy without condylar reconstruction in a patient with unilateral condylar osteochondroma.
Eva Barrientos, Fernández Pelayo, Eiji Tanaka, Jesús María Lamela-Rey and Alfonso Fernández-Canteli : Dynamic and stress relaxation properties of the whole porcine temporomandibular joint disc under compression., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.57, 109-115, 2016.
(要約)
In this study, the dynamic and static compressive properties of the whole porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc were investigated. The aim of the study was to develop a new simple method for the evaluation of joint viscoelasticity, enabling examination of the load-bearing capacity and joint flexibility of the entire disc. For the experiments, a novel testing fixture that reproduces the condylar and fossa surfaces of the TMJ was developed to replicate TMJ disc geometry. Ten porcine discs were used in the experiments. Each disc was dissected from the TMJ and sinusoidal compressive strain was applied to obtain the storage and loss moduli. Static strain control tests were carried out to obtain the relaxation modulus. The result of static and dynamic tests indicated that the whole disc presented viscoelastic behavior under compression. Storage and loss moduli increased with frequency and the relaxation modulus decreased over time. The loss tangent showed less frequency dependence, with values ranging from 0.2 to 0.3, suggesting that the viscous properties of the disc cannot be neglected. These results provide a better understanding of whole disc mechanical compression behavior under realistic TMJ working conditions.
Takashi Izawa, Hiroki Mori, Takehiro Shinohara, Akiko Mino, Islamy Rahma Hutami, Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Rebamipide attenuates mandibular condylar degeneration in a murine model of TMJ-OA by mediating a chondroprotective effect and by downregulating RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis, PLoS ONE, Vol.11, No.4, e0154107, 2016.
(要約)
Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) is characterized by progressive degradation of cartilage and changes in subchondral bone. It is also one of the most serious subgroups of temporomandibular disorders. Rebamipide is a gastroprotective agent that is currently used for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcers. It scavenges reactive oxygen radicals and has exhibited anti-inflammatory potential. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of rebamipide both in vivo and in vitro on the development of cartilage degeneration and osteoclast activity in an experimental murine model of TMJ-OA, and to explore its mode of action. Oral administration of rebamipide (0.6 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg) was initiated 24 h after TMJ-OA was induced, and was maintained daily for four weeks. Rebamipide treatment was found to attenuate cartilage degeneration, to reduce the number of apoptotic cells, and to decrease the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in TMJ-OA cartilage in a dose-dependent manner. Rebamipide also suppressed the activation of transcription factors (e.g., NF-κB, NFATc1) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) by receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) to inhibit the differentiation of osteoclastic precursors, and disrupted the formation of actin rings in mature osteoclasts. Together, these results demonstrate the inhibitory effects of rebamipide on cartilage degradation in experimentally induced TMJ-OA. Furthermore, suppression of oxidative damage, restoration of extracellular matrix homeostasis of articular chondrocytes, and reduced subchondral bone loss as a result of blocked osteoclast activation suggest that rebamipide is a potential therapeutic strategy for TMJ-OA.
Natsuko Hichijo, Shingo Kuroda, Chieko Shiota, Teppei Watanabe and Eiji Tanaka : Clinical application of a 3-dimensional morphometric apparatus for diagnosis and treatment of a Class III patient with facial asymmetry: A pilot study., Orthodontic Waves, Vol.75, No.1, 18-22, 2016.
MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA, Shingo Kuroda, Takashi Izawa, Yuichi Maeda, Minami Sato, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : The Effectiveness of Human Parathyroid Hormone and Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on the Fracture Healing in Osteoporotic Bones., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 2016.
(要約)
Osteoporotic fracture has become a major public health problem, and until today, the treatments available are not satisfactory. While there is growing evidence to support the individual treatment of parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) exposure as respectively systemic and local therapies during osteoporotic fracture healing, their effects have not yet been investigated when introduced concurrently. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined treatment with PTH (1-34) and LIPUS on fracture healing in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Thirty-two, 12-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were OVX to induce osteoporosis. After 12 weeks, the rats underwent surgery to create bilateral mid-diaphyseal fractures of proximal tibiae. All animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 8 for each): control group as placebo, PTH group, LIPUS group, and combined group. PTH group had PTH administration at a dose of 30 μg/kg/day for 3 days/week for 6 weeks. LIPUS group received ultrasound 5 days/week for 20 min/day for 6 weeks and combined group had both PTH administration and LIPUS exposure for 6 weeks. Fracture healing was observed weekly by anteroposterior radiography and micro-CT. Five weeks after the fracture, the tibia were harvested to permit histological assessments and at week 6, for mechanical property of the fracture callus. Micro-CT showed that the PTH and combined groups exhibited significantly higher BMD and trabecular bone integrity than control group at weeks 4-6. Radiography, fracture healing score and mean callus area indicated that the combined group revealed better healing processes than the individual groups. Mechanically, bending moment to failure was significantly higher in LIPUS, PTH and combined groups than in control group. These data suggest that the combined treatment of PTH and LIPUS have been shown to accelerate fracture bone healing and enhance bone properties rather than single agent therapy, and may be considered as a treatment remedy for fracture healing in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Hiroki Mori, Takashi Izawa and Eiji Tanaka : Smad3 deficiency leads to mandibular condyle degradation via the sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/S1P3 signaling axis., The American Journal of Pathology, Vol.185, No.10, 2742-2756, 2015.
TNF-α stimulation of NS-SV-AC and NS-SV-DC cells resulted in a significant decrease in cell number and net fluid secretion rate (p < 0.01), whereas LIPUS treatment abolished them (p < 0.05). The expression changes of AQP5 and TNF-α were also inhibited in LIPUS treatment by blocking the NF-κB pathway. Furthermore, we found that mRNA expression of A20, a negative feedback regulator, was significantly increased by LIPUS treatment after TNF-α or interleukin 1β stimulation (NS-SV-AC, p < 0.01; NS-SV-DC, p < 0.05). In vivo LIPUS exposure to MRL/lpr mice exhibited a significant increase in both salivary flow and AQP5 expression by reducing inflammation in salivary glands (p < 0.01).
Yuichi Maeda, Shingo Kuroda, KHALIUNAA GANZORIG, Wazen Rima, Nanci Antonio and Eiji Tanaka : Histomorphometric analysis of overloading on palatal tooth movement into the maxillary sinus, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.148, No.3, 423-430, 2015.
(要約)
In the 10-g load group, the amount of tooth movement increased dramatically between days 5 and 7 and increased gradually thereafter. Tooth movement at days 5 and 7 was significantly lower in the 30-g-load group than in the 10-g load group; however, the total tooth movement at 14 days was similar in the 2 groups. An orthodontic load of 30 g stimulated bone formation on the sinus wall, but bone resorption on the periodontal ligament side was delayed because of hyalinization, which means that strong force application did not accelerate tooth movement. Moreover, some root resorption was induced by the excessive force.
Natsuko Hichijo, Eiji Tanaka, Nobuhiko Kawai, J Ruijven Leo van and J Geerling E Langenbach : Effects of Decreased Occlusal Loading during Growth on the Mandibular Bone Characteristics., PLoS ONE, Vol.10, No.6, 2015.
(要約)
Decreased loading by a soft diet causes significant changes in the mandible. However, these changes are very region-specific, probably depending on the alterations in the local loading regime. The results suggest that muscle activity during growth is very important for bone quality and morphology.
Namhee Kim, Tetsuro Yoshimaru, Yi-An Chen, Taisuke Matsuo, Masato Komatsu, Yasuo Miyoshi, Eiji Tanaka, Mitsunori Sasa, Kenji Mizuguchi and Toyomasa Katagiri : BIG3 Inhibits the Estrogen-Dependent Nuclear Translocation of PHB2 via Multiple Karyopherin-Alpha Proteins in Breast Cancer Cells., PLoS ONE, Vol.10, No.6, 2015.
(要約)
We recently reported that brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 3 (BIG3) binds Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) in cytoplasm, thereby causing a loss of function of the PHB2 tumor suppressor in the nuclei of breast cancer cells. However, little is known regarding the mechanism by which BIG3 inhibits the nuclear translocation of PHB2 into breast cancer cells. Here, we report that BIG3 blocks the estrogen (E2)-dependent nuclear import of PHB2 via the karyopherin alpha (KPNA) family in breast cancer cells. We found that overexpressed PHB2 interacted with KPNA1, KPNA5, and KPNA6, thereby leading to the E2-dependent translocation of PHB2 into the nuclei of breast cancer cells. More importantly, knockdown of each endogenous KPNA by siRNA caused a significant inhibition of E2-dependent translocation of PHB2 in BIG3-depleted breast cancer cells, thereby enhancing activation of estrogen receptor alpha (ER). These data indicated that BIG3 may block the KPNAs (KPNA1, KPNA5, and KPNA6) binding region(s) of PHB2, thereby leading to inhibition of KPNAs-mediated PHB2 nuclear translocation in the presence of E2 in breast cancer cells. Understanding this regulation of PHB2 nuclear import may provide therapeutic strategies for controlling E2/ER signals in breast cancer cells.
J Adam Mellott, Keerthana Devarajan, E Heather Shinogle, S David Moore, Zsolt Talata, S Jennifer Laurence, Laird M Forrest, Sumihare Noji, Eiji Tanaka, Hinrich Staecker and S Michael Detamore : Nonviral Reprogramming of Human Wharton's Jelly Cells Reveals Differences Between ATOH1 Homologues., Tissue Engineering. Part A, Vol.21, No.11-12, 1795-1809, 2015.
(要約)
The transcription factor atonal homolog 1 (ATOH1) has multiple homologues that are functionally conserved across species and is responsible for the generation of sensory hair cells. To evaluate potential functional differences between homologues, human and mouse ATOH1 (HATH1 and MATH-1, respectively) were nonvirally delivered to human Wharton's jelly cells (hWJCs) for the first time. Delivery of HATH1 to hWJCs demonstrated superior expression of inner ear hair cell markers and characteristics than delivery of MATH-1. Inhibition of HES1 and HES5 signaling further increased the atonal effect. Transfection of hWJCs with HATH1 DNA, HES1 siRNA, and HES5 siRNA displayed positive identification of key hair cell and support cell markers found in the cochlea, as well as a variety of cell shapes, sizes, and features not native to hair cells, suggesting the need for further examination of other cell types induced by HATH1 expression. In the first side-by-side evaluation of HATH1 and MATH-1 in human cells, substantial differences were observed, suggesting that the two atonal homologues may not be interchangeable in human cells, and artificial expression of HATH1 in hWJCs requires further study. In the future, this line of research may lead to engineered systems that would allow for evaluation of drug ototoxicity or potentially even direct therapeutic use.
Chieko Shiota, Tomoki Abe, Nobuhiko Kawai, Ayako Ohno, Shigetada Teshima-Kondo, Hiroyo Mori, Junji Terao, Eiji Tanaka and Takeshi Nikawa : Flavones Inhibit LPS-Induced Atrogin-1/MAFbx Expression in Mouse C2C12 Skeletal Myotubes., Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, Vol.61, No.2, 188-194, 2015.
(要約)
Muscle atrophy is a complex process that occurs as a consequence of various stress events. Muscle atrophy-associated genes (atrogenes) such as atrogin-1/MAFbx and MuRF-1 are induced early in the atrophy process, and the increase in their expression precedes the loss of muscle weight. Although antioxidative nutrients suppress atrogene expression in skeletal muscle cells, the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on inflammation-induced atrogin-1/MAFbx expression have not been clarified. Here, we investigated the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced atrogin-1/MAFbx expression. We examined whether nine flavonoids belonging to six flavonoid categories inhibited atrogin-1/MAFbx expression in mouse C2C12 myotubes. Two major flavones, apigenin and luteolin, displayed potent inhibitory effects on atrogin-1/MAFbx expression. The pretreatment with apigenin and luteolin significantly prevented the decrease in C2C12 myotube diameter caused by LPS stimulation. Importantly, the pretreatment of LPS-stimulated myoblasts with these flavones significantly inhibited LPS-induced JNK phosphorylation in C2C12 myotubes, resulting in the significant suppression of atrogin-1/MAFbx promoter activity. These results suggest that apigenin and luteolin, prevent LPS-mediated atrogin-1/MAFbx expression through the inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway in C2C12 myotubes. Thus, these flavones, apigenin and luteolin, may be promising agents to prevent LPS-induced muscle atrophy.
Eiji Tanaka, Shingo Kuroda, Shinya Horiuchi, Akira Tabata and Tarek El-Bialy : Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in Dentofacial Tissue Engineering., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.43, No.4, 871-886, 2015.
(要約)
Oral and maxillofacial diseases affect millions of people worldwide and hence tissue engineering can be considered an interesting and clinically relevant approach to regenerate orofacial tissues after being affected by different diseases. Among several innovations for tissue regeneration, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has been used extensively in medicine as a therapeutic, operative, and diagnostic tool. LIPUS is accepted to promote bone fracture repair and regeneration. Furthermore, the effect of LIPUS on soft tissues regeneration has been paid much attention, and many studies have performed to evaluate the potential use of LIPUS to tissue engineering soft tissues. The present article provides an overview about the status of LIPUS stimulation as a tool to be used to enhance regeneration/tissue engineering. This review consists of five parts. Part 1 is a brief introduction of the acoustic description of LIPUS and mechanical action. In Part 2, biological problems in dentofacial tissue engineering are proposed. Part 3 explores biologic mechanisms of LIPUS to cells and tissues in living body. In Part 4, the effectiveness of LIPUS on cell metabolism and tissue regeneration in dentistry are summarized. Finally, Part 5 relates the possibility of clinical application of LIPUS in orthodontics. The present review brings out better understanding of the bioeffect of LIPUS therapy on orofacial tissues which is essential to the successful integration of management remedies for tissue regeneration/engineering. To develop an evidence-based approach to clinical management and treatment of orofacial degenerative diseases using LIPUS, we would like to be in full pursuit of LIPUS biotherapy. Still, there are many challenges for this relatively new strategy, but the up to date achievements using it promises to go far beyond the present possibilities.
Nobuhiko Kawai, Katsuya Hirasaka, Tasuku Maeda, Marie Haruna, Chieko Shiota, Arisa Ochi, Tomoki Abe, Shohei Kohno, Ayako Ohno, Sigetada Teshima-Kondo, Hiroyo Mori, Eiji Tanaka and Takeshi Nikawa : Prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy in vitro using anti-ubiquitination oligopeptide carried by atelocollagen., Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research, Vol.1853, No.5, 873-880, 2015.
(要約)
Skeletal muscle atrophy occurs when the rate of protein degradation exceeds that of protein synthesis in various catabolic conditions, such as fasting, disuse, aging, and chronic diseases. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling stimulates muscle growth and suppresses muscle protein breakdown. In atrophied muscles, ubiquitin ligase, Cbl-b, increases and stimulates the ubiquitination and degradation of IRS-1, an intermediate in IGF-1 signaling pathway, resulting in IGF-1 resistance. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of atelocollagen (ATCOL)-transported anti-ubiquitination oligopeptide (Cblin: Cbl-b inhibitor) (consisting of tyrosine phosphorylation domain of IRS-1) in starved C2C12 myotubes. The amount of IRS-1 protein was lower in starved versus unstarved myotubes. The Cblin-ATCOL complex inhibited IRS-1 degradation in a concentration-dependent manner. Myotubes incubated with Cblin-ATCOL complex showed significant resistance to starvation-induced atrophy (p<0.01). Furthermore, the Cblin-ATCOL complex significantly inhibited any decrease in Akt phosphorylation (p<0.01) and localization of FOXO3a to the nucleus in starved myotubes. These results suggest that Cblin prevented starvation-induced C2C12 myotube atrophy by maintaining the IGF-1/Akt/FOXO signaling. Therefore, attachment of anti-ubiquitination oligopeptide, Cblin, to ATCOL enhances its delivery to myotubes and could be a potentially effective strategy in the treatment of atrophic myopathies.
Akihiko Iwasa, Rieko Arakaki, Naoko Honma, Aya Ushio, Akiko Yamada, Tomoyuki Kondo, Emi Kurosawa, Satoko Kujiraoka, Takaaki Tsunematsu, Yasusei Kudo, Eiji Tanaka, Noriko Yoshimura, Nobuhiro Harada, Yoshio Hayashi and Naozumi Ishimaru : Aromatase controls Sjögren syndrome-like lesions through monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in target organ and adipose tissue-associated macrophages., The American Journal of Pathology, Vol.185, No.1, 151-161, 2015.
(要約)
Several autoimmune diseases are known to develop in postmenopausal women. However, the mechanism by which estrogen deficiency influences autoimmunity is unknown. Aromatase is an enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens. Herein, we used female aromatase gene knockout (ArKO) mice as a model of estrogen deficiency to investigate the molecular mechanism that underlies the onset and development of autoimmunity. Histological analyses showed that inflammatory lesions in the lacrimal and salivary glands of ArKO mice increased with age. Adoptive transfer of spleen cells or bone marrow cells from ArKO mice into recombination activating gene 2 knockout mice failed to induce the autoimmune lesions. Expression of mRNA encoding proinflammatory cytokines and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 increased in white adipose tissue of ArKO mice and was significantly higher than that in wild-type mice. Moreover, an increased number of inflammatory M1 macrophages was observed in white adipose tissue of ArKO mice. A significantly increased monocyte chemotactic protein-1 mRNA expression of the salivary gland tissue in ArKO was found together with adiposity. Furthermore, the autoimmune lesions in a murine model of Sjögren syndrome were exacerbated by administration of an aromatase inhibitor. These results suggest that aromatase may play a key role in the pathogenesis of Sjögren syndrome-like lesions by controlling the target organ and adipose tissue-associated macrophage.
Y Asakawa-Tanne, S Su, R Kunimatsu, N Hirose, T Mitsuyoshi, Y Okamoto, Eiji Tanaka, Kazuo Tanne and Kotaro Tanimoto : Effects of enzymatic degradation after loading in temporomandibular joint., Journal of Dental Research, Vol.94, No.2, 337-343, 2014.
(要約)
Synovial fluid of the joint decreases friction between the cartilage surfaces and reduces cartilage wear during articulation. Characteristic changes of synovial fluid have been shown in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). OA is generally considered to be induced by excessive mechanical stress. However, whether the changes in synovial fluid precede the mechanical overloading or vice versa remains unclear. In the present study, our purpose was to examine if the breakdown of joint lubrication affects the frictional properties of mandibular condylar cartilage and leads to subsequent degenerative changes in TMJ. We measured the frictional coefficient in porcine TMJ by a pendulum device after digestion with hyaluronidase (HAase) or trypsin. Gene expressions of interleukin-1 (IL-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), type II collagen, and histology were examined after prolonged cyclic loading by an active pendulum system. The results showed that the frictional coefficient increased significantly after HAase (35%) or trypsin (74%) treatment. Gene expression of IL-1, COX-2, and MMPs-1, -3, and -9 increased significantly in enzyme-treated TMJs after cyclic loading. The increase in the trypsin-treated group was greater than that in the HAase-treated group. Type II collagen expression was reduced in both enzyme-treated groups. Histology revealed surface fibrillation and increased MMP-1 in the trypsin-treated group, as well as increased IL-1 in both enzyme-treated groups after cyclic loading. The findings demonstrated that the compromised lubrication in TMJ is associated with altered frictional properties and surface wear of condylar cartilage, accompanied by release of pro-inflammatory and matrix degradation mediators under mechanical loading.
Akira Nakajima, Yoshihiro Ito, Eiji Tanaka, Remi Sano, Yoko Karasawa, Masao Maeno, Koichi Iwata, Noriyoshi Shimizu and F. Cgarkes Shuler : Functional role of TGF-beta receptors during palatal fusion invitro, Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.59, No.11, 1192-1204, 2014.
(要約)
AbstractOBJECTIVE: Reported expression patterns for TGF- receptors (TR-I, -II, and -III) during palatogenesis suggest that they play essential roles in the mechanisms leading to palatal fusion. The purpose of this study was to compare the functions of the three TRs during palatal fusion.METHODS: Using organ culture of mouse palatal shelves, expression levels of TR-I, -II, and -III were suppressed by transfecting the siRNAs siTR-I, -II, and -III, respectively. Phosphorylation of SMAD2 was examined as an indicator of downstream signalling via each TR. Linkage between TGF- signalling and critical events in palatal fusion led to the use of, MMP-13 expression as an outcome measure for the function of the TGF- receptors.RESULTS: The siRNA treatment decreased the expression level of each receptor by more than 85%. When treated with either siTR-I or -II, palatal shelves at E13+72h were not fused, with complete clefting in the anterior and posterior regions. The middle palatal region following treatment with either siTR-I or -II had fusion from one-half or one-third of the palatal region. Treatment with siTR-III resulted in a persistent midline seam of medial edge epithelium (MEE) in the anterior region with islands of persistent MEE in the middle and posterior regions of the midline. Treatment with all three siTRs altered the pattern of SMAD2 phosphorylation. Palatal shelf cultures treated with siTR-I or -II, but not -III, showed altered MMP-13 expression levels.CONCLUSION: The ability to identify and recover MEE and palatal mesenchymal cells during palatal fusion will aid in the evaluation of the different mechanistic events regulated by each TR during palatogenesis.
Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) suppresses synovial hyperplasia and synovial cell proliferation characterized for rheumatoid arthritis, but the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanotransduction pathway via the integrin/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in LIPUS exposure on the synovial membrane cells. Rabbit knee synovial membrane cell line, HIG-82, was cultured with or without FAK phosphorylation inhibitor, PF-573228. One hour after stimulation with PF-573228, the cells exposed to LIPUS for 20 min or sham exposure. A possible integrin/MAPK pathway was examined by immunofluorescence and Western blotting analysis with antibodies targeting specific phosphorylation sites on intracellular signaling proteins. LIPUS exposure increased phosphorylation of FAK, JNK, ERK, and p38, but the phosphorylation was inhibited by PF-573228. In conclusion, LIPUS exposure might be involved in cell apoptosis and survival of synovial membrane cells via integrin/FAK/MAPK pathway.
Erica Hattori-Hara, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Hiroyo Mori, Keiji Arafurue, Takuji Kawaoka, Kanji Ueda, Akihiro Yasue, Shingo Kuroda, Harm Jan Koolstra and Eiji Tanaka : The influence of unilateral disc displacement on stress in the contralateral joint with a normally positioned disc in a human temporomandibular joint: An analytic approach using the finite element method., Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Vol.42, 2018-2024, 2014.
(要約)
In the unaffected joint of the unilateral DD model, the largest von Mises stress at the start of clenching was predicted in the inferior surface of the disc and increased by 30% during clenching. In the connective tissue the largest stress (1.16 MPa) did not reduce during clenching, in contrast to the (unaffected) joints of the reference model. In the affected joint, the largest stress was predicted in the temporal cartilage throughout clenching. In the surrounding connective tissue, the largest stress (1.42 MPa) hardly changed during clenching indicating no, or negligible, stress relaxation.
Naoki Abe, Shingo Kuroda, M Furutani and Eiji Tanaka : Data-based prediction of soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery: clinical assessment of new simulation software., International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol.44, No.1, 90-96, 2014.
(要約)
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of a novel simulation software package (OrthoForecast) for predicting the soft tissue profile after orthognathic surgery. The study included 15 patients with facial asymmetry (asymmetry group), 15 with a skeletal class II jaw relationship (class II group), and 15 with a skeletal class III jaw relationship (class III group). Twenty-four feature points were digitized, and the distances between points on the predicted and actual postoperative images were compared. Thirty-seven calibrated evaluators also graded the similarity of the predicted images compared to the actual postoperative photographs. Comparisons between the predicted and actual postoperative images revealed that the mean difference between feature points was 3.1 ± 1.4 mm for the frontal images and 2.9 ± 0.8 mm for the lateral images in the asymmetry group; 2.7 ± 0.9 and 2.1 ± 1.6 mm, respectively, in the class II group; and 1.8 ± 1.2 and 1.7 ± 1.0 mm, respectively, in the class III group. More than half of the evaluators assessed the predicted images as similar to the actual postoperative images in all groups. In conclusion, OrthoForecast can be regarded as useful, accurate, and reliable software to predict soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery.
Masahide Inoue, Shingo Kuroda, Akihiro Yasue, Shinya Horiuchi, Hee-Moon Kyung and Eiji Tanaka : Torque Ratio as a Predictable Factor on Primary Stability of Orthodontic Miniscrew Implants., Implant Dentistry, Vol.23, No.5, 576-581, 2014.
(要約)
TR might be related with the miniscrew success rates, and it can be used as a predictable factor on primary stability of orthodontic miniscrew implants. Miniscrew implants should be replaced if MRT is significantly lower than MIT at placement surgery.
Yasunori Iwabuchi, Kotaro Tanimoto, Yuki Tanne, Toshihiro Inubushi, Takashi Kamiya, Ryo Kunimatsu, Naoto Hirose, Tomomi Mitsuyoshi, Shaoching Su, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in mandibular condylar chondrocytes., Journal of Oral & Facial Pain and Headache, Vol.28, No.3, 261-268, 2014.
(要約)
LIPUS exposure inhibited IL-1-induced COX-2 expression through the integrin 1 receptor followed by the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2. Despite the restricted duration of its effect, LIPUS is suggested to be a potential candidate as a preventive and auxiliary treatment to suppress the degradation of articular chondrocytes in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis.
Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Takahito Watanabe, Tetsushi Sakuma, Seiichi Oyadomari, Takashi Yamamoto, Sumihare Noji, Taro Mito and Eiji Tanaka : Highly efficient targeted mutagenesis in one-cell mouse embryos mediated by the TALEN and CRISPR/Cas systems., Scientific Reports, Vol.4, 5705, 2014.
(要約)
Since the establishment of embryonic stem (ES) cell lines, the combined use of gene targeting with homologous recombination has aided in elucidating the functions of various genes. However, the ES cell technique is inefficient and time-consuming. Recently, two new gene-targeting technologies have been developed: the transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) system, and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) system. In addition to aiding researchers in solving conventional problems, these technologies can be used to induce site-specific mutations in various species for which ES cells have not been established. Here, by targeting the Fgf10 gene through RNA microinjection in one-cell mouse embryos with the TALEN and CRISPR/Cas systems, we produced the known limb-defect phenotypes of Fgf10-deficient embryos at the F0 generation. Compared to the TALEN system, the CRISPR/Cas system induced the limb-defect phenotypes with a strikingly higher efficiency. Our results demonstrate that although both gene-targeting technologies are useful, the CRISPR/Cas system more effectively elicits single-step biallelic mutations in mice.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of placement angle and force direction on the primary stability of orthodontic miniscrews by analyzing a novel threedimensional finite element model (FEM) approximating the interface between the screw and surrounding bone. Materials and Methods: Three-dimensional finite element models were made with 6-mm-long miniscrews in diameters of 1.2 mm. Four insertion angles ranging from 0̊ (perpendicular to the bone surface) to 45̊ were examined. A load with 2 N was applied to the center of the screw head in four directions (upward, downward and on the right and left sides). Results: For miniscrews at the same insertion angle, the stress was the highest (or lowest) under the downward (or upward) force condition. The stress increased as the insertion angle increased, except under the upward force condition. An analysis of the stress distribution in the surrounding bone showed that the most of the stress was absorbed in the cortical bone. Conclusions: The stress distribution around the miniscrew and surrounding bone during the application of orthodontic force is closely related to the force direction, and insertion angle.
Masahiro Hiasa, Jumpei Teramachi, A Oda, Ryota Amachi, T Harada, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Shiroh Fujii, Kumiko Kagawa, Keiichiro Watanabe, Itsuro Endo, Y Kuroda, T Yoneda, Daisuke Tsuji, Michiyasu Nakao, Eiji Tanaka, Kenichi Hamada, Shigeki Sano, Kouji Itou, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Pim-2 kinase is an important target of treatment for tumor progression and bone loss in myeloma., Leukemia, 2014.
(要約)
Pim-2 kinase is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) cells to enhance their growth and survival, and regarded as a novel therapeutic target in MM. However, the impact of Pim-2 inhibition on bone disease in MM remains unknown. We demonstrated here that Pim-2 expression was also upregulated in bone marrow stromal cells and MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells in the presence of cytokines known as the inhibitors of osteoblastogenesis in MM, including interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-7, tumor necrosis factor-, transforming growth factor- (TGF-) and activin A, as well as MM cell conditioned media. The enforced expression of Pim-2 abrogated in vitro osteoblastogenesis by BMP-2, which suggested Pim-2 as a negative regulator for osteoblastogenesis. Treatment with Pim-2 short-interference RNA as well as the Pim inhibitor SMI-16a successfully restored osteoblastogenesis suppressed by all the above inhibitory factors and MM cells. The SMI-16a treatment potentiated BMP-2-mediated anabolic signaling while suppressing TGF- signaling. Furthermore, treatment with the newly synthesized thiazolidine-2,4-dione congener, 12a-OH, as well as its prototypic SMI-16a effectively prevented bone destruction while suppressing MM tumor growth in MM animal models. Thus, Pim-2 may have a pivotal role in tumor progression and bone loss in MM, and Pim-2 inhibition may become an important therapeutic strategy to target the MM cell-bone marrow interaction.Leukemia advance online publication, 30 May 2014; doi:10.1038/leu.2014.147.
Shingo Kuroda, Hiroto Watanabe, Akira Nakajima, Noriyoshi Shimizu and Eiji Tanaka : Evaluation of torque moment in a novel elastic bendable orthodontic wire., Dental Materials Journal, Vol.33, No.3, 363-367, 2014.
(要約)
The objective of the study was to measure the torque moment delivered by a novel elastic bendable wire, Ti-Nb wire, and to compare it with nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) and titanium-molybdenum (Ti-Mo) alloy wires. Two sizes of Ti-Nb, Ni-Ti and Ti-Mo alloy wires and 0.022-inch slot stainless steel brackets were ligated with elastic modules or ligature wires. The torque moment delivered by the various wire-bracket combinations was measured using a torque gauge at the temperature and humidity of 37°C and 50%, respectively. As the degree of applied torque and the inserted wire size increased, the torque moment gradually increased. The torque moment of Ti-Nb wires was smaller than those of Ni-Ti wires and Ti-Mo wires, at more than 20 degrees applied torque. The torque moment with wire ligation was significantly larger than those with elastic ligation.
Natsuko Hichijo, Nobuhiko Kawai, Hiroyo Mori, R Sano, Y Ohnuki, S Okumura, J G E Langenbach and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of the masticatory demand on the rat mandibular development., Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol.41, No.8, 581-587, 2014.
(要約)
The influence of masticatory loading stimulus on mandibular development is not fully clear. In this paper, experimental alterations in the daily muscle use, caused by a changed diet consistency, were continuously monitored, while adaptations in bone and cartilage were examined. It is hypothesised that decreased muscular loading will result in a decrease in the growth factor expression and mandible growth. Fourteen 21-day-old Wistar strain male rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed on either a hard or soft diet for 14 weeks. An implanted radio-telemetric device recorded continuously muscle activity of the superficial masseter muscle. Chondroblast proliferation in the condylar cartilage was identified by insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1r) immunostaining. Furthermore, an X-ray was taken for cephalometric analysis. In the soft-diet group, the duty time of the superficial masseter muscle at higher activity levels was significantly lower than that in the hard-diet group. This decrease in muscular loading of the jaw system was accompanied by: a significant reduction in (i) articular cartilage thickness, (ii) expression of IGF-1r immunopositive cells and (iii) mandible ramus height. In conclusion, a decrease in masticatory demand during the growth period leads to insufficient mandibular development.
Shingo Kuroda, Mitsuhiro Iwata, Nagato Tamamura, KHALIUNAA GANZORIG, Natsuko Hichijo, Yuko Tomita and Eiji Tanaka : Interdisciplinary treatment of a nonsyndromic oligodontia patient with implant-anchored orthodontics., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.145, No.4 Suppl, S136-47, 2014.
(要約)
We successfully treated a nonsyndromic oligodontia patient with implant-anchored orthodontics and prosthetic restorations. A woman, age 18 years 11 months, had a straight profile and a skeletal Class I jaw-base relationship but had spaced arches because of 7 congenitally missing teeth. After leveling and alignment of the dentition, a titanium miniscrew was temporarily placed at the distal alveolus of the mandibular right first premolar, and the posterior teeth were mesialized to reduce the restorative spaces. After determination of the incisor positions, 3 dental implants were respectively inserted at the sites of the maxillary canines and the mandibular left lateral incisor with guided bone regeneration procedures. Then, screw-retained temporary prostheses were delivered after subepithelial connective tissue grafting and used for molar mesialization as absolute anchorage. After 36 months of active orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved, both functionally and esthetically, with the 3 dental implants. The maxillary and mandibular molars were mesialized, but the changes of incisor position were minimal. As a result, a proper facial profile was maintained, and an attractive smile was achieved. The resultant occlusion was stable throughout a 3-year retention period. In conclusion, interdisciplinary treatment combined with orthodontics, implant surgery, and prosthodontics was useful for a nonsyndromic oligodontia patient. Especially, the new strategy-implant-anchored orthodontics-can facilitate the treatment more simply with greater predictability.
(キーワード)
Anodontia / Bone Regeneration / Bone Screws / Cephalometry / Dental Implants / Female / Humans / Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Orthodontics, Corrective / Young Adult
Teppei Watanabe, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 is required for transforming growth factor-1-induced type I collagen, periostin and -smooth muscle actin expression in human periodontal ligament cells., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.59, No.6, 595-600, 2014.
(要約)
HIF-1 is required for TGF-1-induced type I collagen, periostin and -SMA expression in human PDL cells.
Eiji Tanaka, Fernández Pelayo, Namhee Kim, Jesús María Lamela, Nobuhiko Kawai and Alfonso Fernández-Canteli : Stress relaxation behaviors of articular cartilages in porcine temporomandibular joint., Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.47, No.7, 1582-1587, 2014.
(要約)
In this study, we tested the compressive stress relaxation behaviors of the mandibular condylar and temporal cartilages in the porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The aim was to determine the quantitative and qualitative similarities and differences of compressive stress relaxation behaviors between the two cartilages. Ten porcine TMJs were used; the articular surface was divided into 5 regions: anterior, central, posterior, lateral and medial. Compressive relaxation test was carried out at a strain level of 5% in each region of the two cartilages. The stress relaxation was monitored over a period of 5min. In all the regions of the two cartilages, the time-dependent stress relaxation curves showed a marked drop in stress within the initial 10s, which can be fitted by a standard linear viscoelastic model. The instantaneous moduli in the temporal cartilage were dominantly larger than those in the condylar cartilage, while the condylar cartilage had slightly larger relaxation moduli than the temporal cartilage except for the medial region. The both cartilages showed the regional differences in the compressive stress relaxation behavior, and in the temporal cartilage the lateral and medial regions revealed the largest values for the instantaneous and relaxation moduli. The present results demonstrate that the viscoelastic properties of compressive stress relaxation in both cartilages are region-specific, which might have an important implication for stress distribution and transmission along with the TMJ disc.
S Maria Commisso, Javier Martínez-Reina, Juana Mayo, Jaime Domínguez and Eiji Tanaka : Effect of non-uniform thickness of samples in stress relaxation tests under unconfined compression of samples of articular discs., Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.47, No.6, 1526-1530, 2014.
(要約)
A precise information of the biomechanical properties of soft tissues is required to develop a suitable simulation model, with which the distribution of stress and strain in the complex structures can be estimated. Many soft tissues have been mechanically characterized by stress relaxation tests under unconfined or confined compression. In general, full-thickness samples are extracted to reduce the damage in the tissue as much as possible. However, it is not guaranteed that these samples have a uniform thickness or, in other words, planar parallel faces. In particular, in the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint, many studies can be found testing full-thickness samples for which that thickness is known to be non-uniform, while making the assumption of uniaxial stress state to extract the mechanical properties from those tests. That inaccuracy may have a strong influence in some cases and needs a profound revision. The main goal of this work is to quantify the error committed in that assumption and the influence of the variation of thickness on that error in a particular test: stress relaxation tests under unconfined compression. Based on this error and defining an allowable tolerance, a criterion is established to reject samples depending on their aspect ratio.
Toshihiro Inubushi, A Kawazoe, Mutsumi Miyauchi, S Yanagisawa, A Subarnbhesaj, C Chanbora, F N Ayuningtyas, A Ishikado, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Takata : Lactoferrin inhibits infection-related osteoclastogenesis without interrupting compressive force-related osteoclastogenesis., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.59, No.2, 226-232, 2014.
(要約)
bLF can effectively suppress harmful bone destruction associated with periodontitis without inhibiting bone remodelling by CS-loading. Therefore, oral administration of bLF may be highly beneficial for control of periodontitis in orthodontic patients.
Santos Araujo Rui Mauricio de, Yasuo Oba, Shingo Kuroda, Eiji Tanaka and Keiji Moriyama : RhoE regulates actin cytoskeleton organization in human periodontal ligament cells under mechanical stress., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.59, No.2, 187-192, 2014.
(要約)
These results indicate that the loss and disassembly of stress fibres due to mechanical stress are mediating RhoE signalling, without the exertion of RGS2.
Shinya Horiuchi, Masahiro Hiasa, Akihiro Yasue, Kazumitsu Sekine, Kenichi Hamada, Kenzo Asaoka and Eiji Tanaka : Fabrications of zinc-releasing biocement combining zinc calcium phosphate to calcium phosphate cement., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.29C, 151-160, 2014.
(要約)
Recently, zinc-releasing bioceramics have been the focus of much attention owing to their bone-forming ability. Thus, some types of zinc-containing calcium phosphate (e.g., zinc-doped tricalcium phosphate and zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite) are examined and their osteoblastic cell responses determined. In this investigation, we studied the effects of zinc calcium phosphate (ZCP) derived from zinc phosphate incorporated into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) in terms of its setting reaction and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cell responses. Compositional analysis by powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that HAP crystals were precipitated in the CPC containing 10 or 30wt% ZCP after successfully hardening. However, the crystal growth observed by scanning electron microscopy was delayed in the presence of additional ZCP. These findings indicate that the additional zinc inhibits crystal growth and the conversion of CPC to the HAP crystals. The proliferation of the cells and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were enhanced when 10wt% ZCP was added to CPC. Taken together, ZCP added CPC at an appropriate fraction has a potent promotional effect on bone substitute biomaterials.
PAX9 is a transcription factor expressed in the tooth mesenchyme during tooth morphogenesis. In Pax9-null mice, tooth development is arrested at the bud stage. In humans, heterozygous mutations in PAX9 have been associated with non-syndromic tooth agenesis, predominantly in the molars. Here, we report 2 novel mutations in the paired domain of PAX9, a three-nucleotide deletion (73-75 delATC) and a missense mutation (C146T), in two unrelated Japanese patients with non-syndromic tooth agenesis. The individual with the 73-75del ATC mutation was missing all maxillary molars and mandibular second and third molars. The individual with the C146T mutation was missing the mandibular central incisors, maxillary second premolars, and first molars, along with all second and third molars. Both mutations affected amino acids that are highly conserved among different species and are critical for DNA binding. When both mutants were transfected to COS7 cells, nuclear localization of PAX9 proteins was not affected. However, reduced expression of the mutant proteins and almost no transcriptional activity of the target BMP4 gene were observed, suggesting haploinsufficiency of PAX9 as the cause of non-syndromic tooth agenesis.
Jesús María Lamela, Fernández Pelayo, Alberto Ramos, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Analysis of compressive properties of porcine temporomandibular joint disc., Key Engineering Materials, Vol.592-593, 354-357, 2013.
A Kawazoe, Toshihiro Inubushi, Mutsumi Miyauchi, A Ishikado, Eiji Tanaka, Kazuo Tanne and Takashi Takata : Orally administered liposomal lactoferrin inhibits inflammation-related bone breakdown without interrupting orthodontic tooth movement., Journal of Periodontology, Vol.84, No.10, 1454-1462, 2013.
(要約)
Background: Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) modulates the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and inhibits alveolar bone breakdown associated with periodontitis. This study is designed to examine the effects of orally administered liposomal bLF (LbLF) on orthodontic force (OF)-induced alveolar bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement. Methods: Two groups of male Wistar rats were treated with either LbLF or control solution in drinking water 7 days before OF application. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected into the gingival sulcus in half the rats in each group. Thus, four groups: OF, OF+LbLF, OF+LPS, and OF+LPS+LbLF were established. Results: Orally administered LbLF significantly reduced apical migration of junctional epithelium in the OF and OF+LPS groups. In OF+LPS, osteoclast number in the alveolar crestal area was increased by LPS treatment, whereas osteoclast number was significantly reduced in OF+LPS+LbLF through suppression of TNF- production. Osteoclastic induction in the middle part, mainly from OF application, was not affected by LbLF administration. Inhibition of tooth movement was not induced by LbLF. Conclusions: Orally administered LbLF significantly inhibits LPS-induced alveolar bone resorption but not OF-induced bone remodeling. LbLF could be a potent therapeutic and preventive agent to control periodontal inflammation in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment.
Teppei Watanabe, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor 1 (TGF-1)/ Smad3 Signaling Decreases Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1) Protein Stability by Inducing Prolyl Hydroxylase 2 (PHD2) Expression in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells., Journal of Periodontology, Vol.84, No.9, 1346-1352, 2013.
(要約)
Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), the alpha subunit of the heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-1, maintains oxygen homeostasis by regulating gene expression. Under normoxic conditions, HIF-1 expression is maintained at low steady-state levels by the critical oxygen sensor prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2). Transforming growth factor 1 (TGF-1) activates Smad3 signaling and contributes to HIF-1 stabilization under normoxic conditions. In chronic periodontitis, HIF-1 is expressed highly in gingival fibroblasts and upregulates inflammatory factor transcription, which promotes periodontal inflammation. Here, we investigated the effect of TGF-1/Smad3 signaling and its blockade by the specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) on HIF-1 expression and stability in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Methods: We investigated the effect of TGF-1 on HIF-1 protein stability using cycloheximide (CHX). Furthermore, we analyzed HIF-1 expression, PHD2 expression and Smad3 phosphorylation following TGF-1 stimulation in the presence or absence of SIS3. Results: The half-life of HIF-1 was prolonged in TGF-1-treated cells. TGF-1 treatment induced HIF-1 gene expression and enhanced HIF-1 protein stability while decreasing PHD2 expression and activating Smad3 phosphorylation. Notably, HIF-1 protein expression was not detectable prior to TGF-1 stimulation. Furthermore, SIS3 treatment abrogated Smad3 phosphorylation, impaired TGF-1-induced HIF-1 gene expression and protein stability and stimulated TGF-1-mediated PHD2 inhibition. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that HIF-1 transcription and protein synthesis are controlled by TGF-1/Smad3 signaling, whereas HIF-1 protein stability is controlled by PHD2, which is regulated by TGF-1/Smad3 signaling.
Yuko Tomita, Shingo Kuroda, Takumi Takahashi, Ritsuko Ohura and Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic occlusal reconstruction after conservative treatment of unicystic ameloblastoma in an adolescent patient: 10-year follow-up., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.144, No.3, 466-470, 2013.
(要約)
Conservative treatment of an ameloblastoma often requires an occlusal reconstruction. In this article, we report the successful interdisciplinary treatment of a 14-year-old girl with a unicystic ameloblastoma in the mandible. One year after the marsupialization, enucleation with bone curettage was performed with extraction of the impacted third molar, but the proximal second molar could be maintained. The conservative treatment required long-term use of an obturator, and it caused a total open bite. Additionally, the patient genetically had a Class II malocclusion with severe crowding. Consequently, orthodontic treatment was performed after 4 premolar extractions. There was no recurrence of the ameloblastoma 10 years after the enucleation.
Yoshiki Ohnuki, Daisuke Umeki, Wenqian Cai, Nobuhiko Kawai, Yasumasa Mototani, Kouichi Shiozawa, Hui-Ling Jin, Takayuki Fujita, Eiji Tanaka, Yasutake Saeki and Satoshi Okumura : Role of Masseter Muscle 2-Adrenergic Signaling in Regulation of Muscle Activity, Myosin Heavy Chain Transition, and Hypertrophy., Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Vol.123, No.1, 36-46, 2013.
(要約)
Chronic administration of clenbuterol (CB), a lipophilic 2-adrenoceptor (2-AR) agonist, induces skeletal muscle hypertrophy and slow-to-fast fiber-type transitions in mammalian species, but the mechanism and pathophysiological roles of these changes have not been explored. Here, we examined the effects of CB not only on masseter muscle mass, fiber diameter, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition, but also on daily muscle activity, a factor influencing muscle phenotype, by means of electromyogram analysis in rats. MHC transition towards faster isoforms was induced by 2-week CB treatment. In addition, daily duty time was increased at 1 day, 1 week, and 2 weeks after the start of CB treatment and its increase was greater at high activity level (6-fold) than at low activity level (2-fold). In order to examine whether these effects of CB were mediated through muscle or CNS 2-AR stimulation, we compared these effects of CB with those of salbutamol (SB), a hydrophilic 2-AR agonist. SB treatment induced masseter hypertrophy and MHC transition, like CB, but did not increase daily activity. These results suggest that CB-mediated slow-to-fast MHC transition with hypertrophy was induced through direct muscle 2-AR stimulation, but the increase of daily duty time was mediated through the CNS.[Supplementary Figures: available only at http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.12271FP].
Emi Kawakami, Nobuhiko Kawai, Nao Kinouchi, Hiroyo Mori, Yutaka Ohsawa, Naozumi Ishimaru, Yoshihide Sunada, Sumihare Noji and Eiji Tanaka : Local applications of myostatin-siRNA with atelocollagen increase skeletal muscle mass and recovery of muscle function., PLoS ONE, Vol.8, No.5, 2013.
(要約)
These data suggest local administration of Mst-siRNA/ATCOL complex could lead to skeletal muscle hypertrophy and recovery of motor disability in mCAV-3Tg mice. Therefore, ATCOL-mediated application of siRNA is a potential tool for therapeutic use in muscular atrophy diseases.
Naoko Yoneda, Akihiro Yasue, Teppei Watanabe and Eiji Tanaka : Down-regulation of Smad3 Accelerates Palatal Wound Repair., Journal of Dental Research, Vol.92, No.8, 716-720, 2013.
(要約)
Smad3-deficient mice exhibit accelerated re-epithelialization and tissue remodeling during palatal wound repair. In addition, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-1) and other inflammatory factors are down-regulated compared with those in wild-type mice. The aim of this study was to examine whether targeting of Smad3 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) accelerates wound-healing and inhibits wound contraction in palatal mucoperiosteal wounds. An initial histological examination of wound closure in mouse palates treated with Smad3-targeted siRNA vs. a scrambled siRNA found that wound-healing was accelerated when levels of Smad3 were decreased. Furthermore, with real-time PCR, mRNA levels of Smad3, TGF-1, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1) were found to be significantly down-regulated in palatal tissue treated with Smad3-targeted siRNA vs. a control siRNA. Protein and mRNA levels of -smooth-muscle actin (-SMA), type I collagen, and fibronectin were also lower in palates treated with Smad3-targeted siRNA vs. control siRNA. Taken together, these results indicate that down-regulation of Smad3 expression by siRNA can accelerate wound-healing and may inhibit wound contraction. Therefore, siRNA-targeted inhibition of Smad3 may represent a valuable therapeutic tool for palatal mucoperiosteal wound-healing.
Jesús María Lamela, Fernández Pelayo, Alberto Ramos, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Dynamic compressive properties of articular cartilages in the porcine temporomandibular joint., Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, Vol.23C, 62-70, 2013.
(要約)
The mandibular condylar and temporal cartilages in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) play an important role as a stress absorber during function. However, relatively little information is available on its viscoelastic properties in dynamic compression, particularly in a physiological range of frequencies. We hypothesized that these properties are region-specific and depend on loading frequency. To characterize the viscoelastic properties of both cartilages, we performed dynamic indentation tests over a wide range of loading frequencies. Nine porcine TMJs were used; the articular surface was divided into five regions: anterior; central; posterior; medial and lateral. Sinusoidal compressive strain was applied with an amplitude of 1.0% and a frequency range between 0.01 and 10Hz. In both cartilages, the dynamic storage modulus increased with frequency, and the value was the highest in the lateral region. These values of E' in the temporal cartilage were smaller than those in the mandibular condylar cartilage in all five regions except the lateral region. The Loss tangent values were higher in the temporal cartilage (0.35-0.65) than in the mandibular condylar one (0.2-0.45), which means that the temporal cartilage presents higher viscosity. The present results suggest that the dynamic compressive moduli in both cartilages are region-specific and dependent on the loading frequency, which might have important implications for the transmission of load in the TMJ.
Kotaro Tanimoto, Y Tanne, K Sumi, N Hirose, Nobuhiko Kawai, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Longitudinal changes in the height and location of bone bridge from autogenous iliac bone graft in patients with cleft lip and palate., Open Journal of Stomatology, Vol.3, No.1, 58-62, 2013.
Susumu Abe, Fumiaki Kawano, K Kohge, T Kawaoka, K Ueda, E Hattori-Hara, H Mori, Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Stress analysis in human temporomandibular joint affected by anterior disc displacement during prolonged clenching., Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Vol.40, No.4, 239-246, 2013.
(要約)
Parafunctional habits, such as prolonged clenching and bruxism, have been associated with dysfunctional overloading in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In this study, stress distributions in the TMJ were analysed during prolonged clenching, using three-dimensional finite element (FE) models of the TMJ with and without disc displacement. The aim of this study was to investigate stress distribution of the cartilaginous tissues in the TMJ with and without disc displacement. Finite element models were developed on the basis of magnetic resonance images from two subjects with and without anterior disc displacement. Condylar movements recorded during a 5-min clenching were used as the loading condition for stress analysis. In the asymptomatic model, the highest von Mises stresses were located in the lateral area (4·91 MPa) of the disc surfaces, and after 5-min clenching, the higher stresses were still located at the lateral area (3·65 MPa). In all the cartilaginous tissues, 30-50% of stress reduction occurred during 5-min clenching. In contrast, the von Mises stress in the cartilaginous tissues of the symptomatic model with disc displacement was markedly lower, compared with the asymptomatic model. However, in the condylar cartilage, stress relaxation during clenching was not recognised. Furthermore, relatively high stresses were observed in the retrodiscal tissues throughout clenching. The present results indicate that disc position could be involved in the stress distribution of the TMJ components during prolonged clenching.
Kumiko Nagata, Tatsuya Nakamura, Shinji Fujihara and Eiji Tanaka : Ultrasound modulates the inflammatory response and promotes muscle regeneration in injured muscles., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.41, No.6, 1095-1105, 2013.
(要約)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ultrasound on inflammatory skeletal muscle in vitro and in vivo. C2C12 cells were cultured in medium with or without TNF-α or IL-1β. After stimulation with cytokines, the cells received ultrasound or sham exposure. Furthermore, the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in C57BL/6 mice injured by cardiotoxin (CTX) were dissected after a series of ultrasound treatments and examined. Exposure of C2C12 cells to ultrasound resulted in down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA and protein expression induced by TNF-α or IL-1β, and up-regulated myogenin mRNA and protein depressed by TNF-α or IL-1β. In injured TA muscle induced by CTX, ultrasound caused increase of COX-2 mRNA at 1 day after ultrasound treatment, however, at day 5, reduction of COX-2 mRNA and protein. At day 5, ultrasound caused increase of myogenin mRNA and protein, increase of fast myosin protein, and increase of paired-box transcription factor 7 positive cells. At day 7, the cross-sectional area of myofibers in the ultrasound exposure side was significantly larger than that on the control side. In conclusion, ultrasound stimulation may be a better candidate as a medical remedy to promote myogenesis in inflammatory muscle states, such as muscle injury.
Toshihiro Inubushi, Eiji Tanaka, B Emanuel Rego, Junji Ohtani, Aki Kawazoe, Kazuo Tanne, Mutsumi Miyauchi and Takashi Takata : Ultrasound stimulation attenuates resorption of tooth root induced by experimental force application., Bone, Vol.53, No.2, 497-506, 2013.
(要約)
Root resorption is an adverse outcome of orthodontic tooth movement. However, there have been no available approaches for the protection and repair of root resorption. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on root resorption during experimental tooth movement and the effects of LIPUS in the RANKL/OPG mechanism in osteoblasts and cementoblasts in vitro. Twenty four Wistar strain male rats of 12-week-old were used in this study. The upper first molars were subjected to experimental movement in the mesial direction for 1-3weeks. Through the experimental periods, the right upper first maxillary molar was exposed to LIPUS (LIPUS group) every day for 1, 2 or 3weeks. The nature of root resorption was observed and then quantified by histomorphometric analysis. In the 2weeks period, significantly greater amount of tooth movement was observed in the LIPUS group (p<0.05). In addition, LIPUS group showed less root resorption lacunae and lower number of odontoclasts. In the period of 3weeks, LIPUS group presented significantly shorter length of root resorption lacunae and smaller amount of root resorption area (p<0.01). The number of odontoclasts and osteoclasts was also significantly lower in the LIPUS group (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). However, no significant differences could be found regarding the amount of tooth movement. It is shown that LIPUS exposure significantly reduced the degree of root resorption during tooth movement without interrupting tooth movement. In vitro experiments showed that MC3T3-1 constitutively expressed higher levels of RANKL and RANTES mRNA comparing to OCCM-30. However, OPG mRNA expression was much higher in OCCM-30. LIPUS stimulation significantly increased the mRNA expression of RANKL in MC3T3-E1 at 4 (p<0.01) and 12h (p<0.05), although OPG mRNA expression was not affected by LIPUS. In contrast, the expression of RANKL and OPG mRNAs were both significantly increased by LIPUS in OCCM-30 at 12h (p<0.01). Moreover, LIPUS application suppressed the up-regulation of RANKL mRNA induced by compression force in OCCM-30, but no similar effect could be observed in MC3T3-E1. In conclusion, it is suggested that LIPUS exposure significantly reduces root resorption by the suppression of cementoclastogenesis by altering OPG/RANKL ratio during orthodontic tooth movement without interfering tooth movement. LIPUS may be an effective tool to prevent root resorption during tooth movement and is applicable to clinical use in near future.
Ritsuko 徳永 律子 Oura, Rieko Arakaki, Akiko Yamada, Yasusei Kudo, Eiji Tanaka, Yoshio Hayashi and Naozumi Ishimaru : Induction of Rapid T Cell Death and Phagocytic Activity by Fas-Deficient lpr Macrophages., The Journal of Immunology, 2013.
(要約)
Peripheral T cells are maintained by the apoptosis of activated T cells through the Fas-Fas ligand system. Although it is well known that normal T cells fail to survive in the Fas-deficient immune condition, the molecular mechanism for the phenomenon has yet to be elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that rapid cell death and clearance of normal T cells were induced by Fas-deficient lpr macrophages. Transfer of normal T cells into lpr mice revealed that Fas expression on donor T cells was promptly enhanced through the IFN-/IFN-R. In addition, Fas ligand expression and phagocytic activity of lpr macrophages were promoted through increased NF-B activation. Controlling Fas expression on macrophages plays an essential role in maintaining T cell homeostasis in the peripheral immune system. Our data suggest a critical implication to the therapeutic strategies such as transplantation and immunotherapy for immune disorder or autoimmunity related to abnormal Fas expression.
Hirai Miyuki, Nakajima Akira, Nobuhiko Kawai, Eiji Tanaka, Igarashi Yu, Sakaguchi Masahito, Sameshima T. Glenn and Shimizu Noriyoshi : Measurements of the torque moment in various archwire-bracket-ligation combinations, European Journal of Orthodontics, Vol.34, No.3, 374-380, 2012.
(要約)
The torque moment generated by third-order bends is important for tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to measure the torque moment that can be delivered by various archwire and bracket combinations at the targeted tooth. Stainless steel (SS) upper brackets with 0.018 and 0.022 inch slots, two sizes of nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) alloy wires, and three sizes of SS wires for each bracket were used. The wire was ligated with elastics or wire. The torque moment delivered by the various archwire-bracket-ligation combinations was measured using a torque gauge. Statistical analysis was undertaken using analysis of variance (multiple comparison tests and post hoc using Tukey's honestly significant difference test. The torque moment increased as the degree of torque and wire size increased. There was no significant difference in torque moment between the SS and Ni-Ti wires at lower or higher than 40 degrees torque. The torque moment with wire ligation was significantly larger than that with elastic ligation with 0.016 × 0.022 and 0.017 × 0.025 inch Ni-Ti wires in the 0.018 inch slot brackets and the 0.017 × 0.025 and 0.019 × 0.025 inch SS and Ni-Ti wires in the 0.022 inch slot brackets. However, there was no significant difference in torque moment between either ligation method when using the full slot size wires.
Braga Emanuel Rego, Takashi Takata, Kazuo Tanne and Eiji Tanaka : Current status of low intensity pulsed ultrasound for dental purposes., The Open Dentistry Journal, Vol.6, 220-225, 2012.
(要約)
Over the past few years, tissue engineering applied to the dental field has achieved relevant results. Tissue engineering can be described by actions taken to improve biological functions. Several methods have been described to enhance cellular performance and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) has shown to play an important role in cell metabolism. The present article provides an overview about the current status of LIPUS as a tissue engineering tool to be used to enhance tooth and periodontal regeneration.
Pelayo Fernández, María Lamela Jesús, Alberto Ramos, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : The region-dependent dynamic properties of porcine temporomandibular joint disc under unconfined compression., Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.46, No.4, 845-848, 2012.
(要約)
In this study, the dynamic compressive properties in five different regions of the porcine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc are investigated over a wide range of loading frequencies. The aim was, thus far, to evaluate the regional difference and the frequency-related effect of the applied load on these properties. Eleven porcine TMJ discs were used; each disc was divided into 5 regions, anterior, central, posterior, lateral and medial. Sinusoidal compressive strain was applied with an amplitude of 1.0% and a frequency range between 0.01 and 10Hz. The dynamic storage and loss moduli increase with frequency, the highest values being attained at the posterior region, followed by the central and anterior regions. Loss tangent, tan, ranged from 0.20 to 0.35, which means that the disc is primarily elastic in nature and has a small but not negligible viscosity. The present results suggest that the dynamic viscoelastic compressive modulus is region-specific and depends on the loading frequency, thus having important implications for the transmission of load to the TMJ.
BACKGROUND: Although autoimmunity in MRL/lpr mice occurs due to a defect in Fas-mediated cell death of T cells, the role of Fas-independent apoptosis in pathogenesis has rarely been investigated. We have recently reported that receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-B ligand (RANKL)-activated dendritic cells (DCs) play a key role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in MRL/lpr mice. We here attempted to establish a new therapeutic strategy with RANKL-activated DCs in RA by controlling apoptosis of peripheral T cells. Repeated transfer of RANKL-activated DCs into MRL/lpr mice was tested to determine whether this had a therapeutic effect on autoimmunity. METHODS AND FINDING: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Fas-independent apoptosis of T cells induced by the DCs were investigated by in vitro and in vivo analyses. We demonstrated that repeated transfers of RANKL-activated DCs into MRL/lpr mice resulted in therapeutic effects on RA lesions and lymphoproliferation due to declines of CD4(+) T, B, and CD4(-)CD8(-) double negative (DN) T cells. We also found that the Fas-independent T-cell apoptosis was induced by a direct interaction between tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) on T cells and TRAIL on Fas-deficient DCs in MRL/lpr mice. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that a novel Fas-independent apoptosis pathway in T cells maintains peripheral tolerance and thus controls autoimmunity in MRL/lpr mice.
Eiji Tanaka, Shinya Horiuchi and Shingo Kuroda : Orthognathic and orthodontic treatments for TMJ-osteoarthritis with jaw deformity, The Japanese Journal of Jaw Deformities, Vol.22, No.Suppl, S23-S30, 2012.
Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Skeletal anchorage facilitates the treatment of jaw deformities with vertical discrepancy: its application and limitations, The Japanese Journal of Jaw Deformities, Vol.22, No.Suppl, S45-S50, 2012.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Shingo Kuroda, Takumi Takahashi, Takeshi Kijima, Katsuyuki Torikai, Keiji Moriyama and Eiji Tanaka : Segmental distraction osteogenesis with modified LeFort II osteotomy for a patient with craniosynostosis, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.142, No.5, 698-709, 2012.
(要約)
In this article, we report successful orthodontic treatment combined with segmental distraction osteogenesis after a modified LeFort II osteotomy in a patient with craniosynostosis. An 8-year-old boy diagnosed with craniosynostosis had a dished-in face, an anterior crossbite, and a skeletal Class III jaw relationship because of midfacial hypoplasia. At the age of 13 years 6 months, the maxillary second and mandibular first premolars were extracted, and leveling and alignment of both arches was started with preadjusted edgewise appliances. At age 14 years 11 months, the patient had a modified LeFort II osteotomy, and the maxillary segment was advanced 7 mm and fixed to the zygomatic bone. At the same time, segmental distraction osteogenesis was started with a rigid external distraction system, and the nasal segment was advanced for 20 days at a rate of 1.0 mm per day. The total active treatment period was 40 months. As a result of the modified segmental distraction osteogenesis, significant improvement of his severe midfacial hypoplasia was achieved without excessive advancement of the maxillary dentition. Both the facial profile and the occlusion were stable after 1 year of retention. However, the nasal segment relapsed 1.4 mm during the 1.5 years after the segmental distraction osteogenesis. Evaluation of the stability and retention suggests that some overcorrection in midfacial advancement is recommended.
Kyoko Ishimoto, Takeo Iwata, Hisaaki Taniguchi, Noriko Mizusawa, Eiji Tanaka and Katsuhiko Yoshimoto : d-Dopachrome tautomerase promotes IL-6 expression and inhibits adipogenesis in preadipocytes., Cytokine, Vol.60, 772-777, 2012.
(要約)
We previously identified d-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT) as a novel adipokine whose mRNA levels in adipocytes are negatively correlated with obesity-related clinical parameters, and which acts on adipocytes to regulate lipid metabolism. Here we investigated functions of DDT on preadipocytes. Recombinant DDT (rDDT) enhanced both the expression and secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in SGBS cells, a human preadipocyte cell line. Treatment with rDDT increased levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, but not p38, in SGBS cells, and rDDT-induced IL-6 mRNA expression was attenuated by pretreatment with an ERK inhibitor, U0126. Knockdown of CD74, but not CD44, inhibited rDDT-induced IL-6 mRNA expression in SGBS cells. These results suggested that the rDDT-induced IL-6 expression in preadipocytes occurred through the CD74-ERK pathway. Furthermore, in SGBS cells subjected to adipogenic induction, rDDT decreased the amount of triacylglycerol, number of cells with oil droplets, and levels of mRNA encoding adipocyte marker proteins. Increased expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein families and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor 2 during adipogenesis was inhibited in the cells treated with rDDT. These results suggested DDT to inhibit adipogenesis by suppressing the expression of genes encoding adipogenic regulators in preadipocytes.
Eiji Tanaka, Eizo Yamano, Toshihiro Inubushi and Shingo Kuroda : Management of acquired open bite associated with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using miniscrew anchorage, Korean Journal of Orthodontics, Vol.42, No.3, 144-155, 2012.
(要約)
This article reports the orthodontic treatment of a patient with skeletal mandibular retrusion and an anterior open bite due to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) using miniscrew anchorage. A 46-year-old woman had a Class II malocclusion with a retropositioned mandible. Her overjet and overbite were 7.0 mm and -1.6 mm, respectively. She had limited mouth opening, TMJ sounds, and pain. Condylar resorption was observed in both TMJs. Her TMJ pain was reduced by splint therapy, and then orthodontic treatment was initiated. Titanium miniscrews were placed at the posterior maxilla to intrude the molars. After 2 years and 7 months of orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved without any recurrence of TMJ symptoms. The retropositioned mandible was considerably improved, and the lips showed less tension upon lip closure. The maxillary molars were intruded by 1.5 mm, and the mandible was subsequently rotated counterclockwise. Magnetic resonance imaging of both condyles after treatment showed avascular necrosis-like structures. During a 2-year retention period, an acceptable occlusion was maintained without recurrence of the open bite. In conclusion, correction of open bite and clockwise-rotated mandible through molar intrusion using titanium miniscrews is effective for the management of TMJ-OA with jaw deformity.
Yuko Tomita, Shingo Kuroda, Tomoko Kataura, Teppei Watanabe, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shinji Fujihara and Eiji Tanaka : Severity of alveolar cleft before palatoplasty affects vertical maxillofacial growth in 6-year-old patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.141, No.4 Suppl, S102-9, 2012.
(要約)
In this study, we investigated the association between the severity of alveolar clefts in infants and the succeeding maxillofacial growth in patients affected by complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. The subjects were 35 nonsyndromic patients affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate (n = 27) or bilateral cleft lip and palate (n = 8). Plaster models and lateral cephalograms taken at 6 years of age were analyzed and compared with the Japanese norms. In the unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, the relationship between the width of the alveolar cleft before palatoplasty and the skeletal characteristics was also explored. Significant deficiencies of the posterior maxilla and steep palatal planes were noted in both the unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate patients. However, they were not clearly observed in the unilateral cleft lip and palate patients born with a small alveolar cleft and were correlated with the severity of alveolar cleft in infancy. Neither cleft type nor the severity of the alveolar cleft was implicated in the maxillary arch form in childhood, but the growth of the alveolar height on the cleft side was less in the unilateral cleft lip and palate patients born with a large alveolar cleft. The severity of the alveolar cleft before palatoplasty affects the succeeding vertical maxillofacial growth in patients affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate; this suggests the necessity of a different diagnosis and treatment in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients according to the severity of the alveolar cleft in infancy.
(キーワード)
Alveolar Process / 分散分析 (analysis of variance) / Case-Control Studies / Cephalometry / 子ども (children) / Child, Preschool / Cleft Lip / Cleft Palate / Dental Arch / Dental Models / Female / Humans / Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Male / Maxilla / Maxillofacial Development / Models, Anatomic / Palate, Hard / Reference Values / Severity of Illness Index / Statistics, Nonparametric / Vertical Dimension
Shingo Kuroda, Yasuko Kuroda, Yuko Tomita and Eiji Tanaka : Long-term stability of conservative orthodontic treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis and severe condylar resorption., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.141, No.3, 352-362, 2012.
(要約)
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory condition that can result in progressive destruction of the articular surfaces of the joints, including the temporomandibular joint. The purpose of this article is to report the conservative correction of a Class II malocclusion in a woman with rheumatoid arthritis. The patient was 32 years 6 months old at the start of treatment. She had a convex profile and a skeletal Class II jaw-base relationship caused by severe condylar resorption. An anterior open bite of -2.0 mm and an excessive overjet of 10.0 mm were observed. Severe crowding was shown in the mandibular incisors. After 8 months of splint therapy, all first premolars were extracted, and 0.018-in preadjusted edgewise appliances were placed in both arches. Class II elastics were used during space closure. After 41 months of active orthodontic treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved, and the facial profile was considerably improved. From the cephalometric evaluations, the mandible was rotated counterclockwise, and the mandibular plane angle was significantly decreased. However, the anteroposterior position of the chin was not changed. The condylar resorption was not changed during and after orthodontic treatment. Conclusively, the proper facial profile was maintained, and the occlusion was stable after a 5-year retention period. Our results suggest the possibility of compromised treatment in a Class II malocclusion with an anterior open bite because of rheumatoid arthritis.
Shingo Kuroda, Rima Wazen, Pierre Moffatt, Eiji Tanaka and Antonio Nanci : Mechanical stress induces bone formation in the maxillary sinus in a short-term mouse model., Clinical Oral Investigations, Vol.17, No.1, 131-137, 2012.
(要約)
OBJECTIVES: Clinicians occasionally face the challenge of moving a tooth through the maxillary sinus. The objective of this study was to evaluate tissue remodeling during tooth movement into the maxillary sinus, more specifically as regards to bone formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The maxillary first molar of 20 male mice was moved toward the palatal side by a nickel-titanium super elastic wire for 1 to 14 days, and the bone remodeling around the root was evaluated using histomorphometry and immunodetection of bone-restricted Ifitm-like (Bril) protein, a novel marker of active bone formation. RESULTS: When mechanical stress was applied to the tooth, the periodontal ligament on the palatal side was immediately compressed to approximately half of its original width by the tipping movement of the tooth. At the same time, osteoblasts deposited new bone on the wall of the maxillary sinus prior to bone resorption by osteoclasts on the periodontal side, as evidenced by the high level of expression of Bril at this site. As a result of these sequential processes, bone on the sinus side maintained a consistent thickness during the entire observation period. No root resorption was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Bone formation on the surface of the maxillary sinus was evoked by mechanotransduction of mechanical stress applied to a tooth over a 2-week period, and was induced ahead of bone resorption on the periodontal ligament side. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Mechanical stress can be exploited to induce bone formation in the maxillary sinus so that teeth can be moved into the sinus without losing bone or causing root damage.
Takuya Seike, Ichiro Hashimoto, Kazuya Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Hideki Nakanishi : Early postoperative evaluation of secondary bone grafting into the alveolar cleft and its effects on subsequent orthodontic treatment, The Journal of Medical Investigation : JMI, Vol.59, No.1,2, 152-165, 2012.
(要約)
Alveolar bone grafting is a standard procedure used to achieve good occlusion for both functional and aesthetic purposes in patients with cleft lip and palate. At the past, main methods used to evaluate bone bridge formation after bone grafting are radiographs, such as dental, occlusal, and panoramic. To evaluate bone bridge both qualitatively and quantitatively, we used CT scans (conventional and QCT). Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has previously been used for measuring bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae. The study comprised 26 male and 15 female patients who underwent alveolar bone grafting. We analyzed bone bridge with regard to four factors: marginal bone level, vertical height, anteroposterior bone width and bone mineral density using dental radiographs, and CT scans such as conventional and QCT. The clinical results of orthodontic treatment were evaluated more than 2 years postoperatively. Orthodontic treatment was considered to be successful when the bone bridge satisfied the following criteria: marginal bone level >= 3, vertical height >= 6.5 mm, anteroposterior bone width >= 5 mm, and bone mineral density < 350 mg Ca(5) (PO(4)) OH/mL. we could predict the prognosis of patients' orthodontic treatment in early stage after bone grafting.
Tatsuya Nakamura, Shinji Fujihara, Kumiko Nagata, Tomoko Kataura, Toshihiro Inubushi and Eiji Tanaka : Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Reduces the Inflammatory Activity of Synovitis., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.39, No.12, 2964-2971, 2011.
(要約)
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on the cell proliferation and growth of synovial membrane cells stimulated with inflammatory cytokines, and to evaluate the effectiveness of LIPUS treatment of synovitis in the knee joints of animal models for rheumatoid arthritis. The rabbit knee synovial membrane cell line, HIG-82, was cultured in medium with or without IL-1β or TNF-α. Four hours after stimulation with the cytokines, the cells received LIPUS or sham exposure. Cell proliferation and growth were then analyzed. Using MRL/lpr mice, the anti-inflammatory effects of LIPUS were also evaluated in vivo. Stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines significantly up-regulated cell proliferation which was significantly down-regulated by LIPUS exposure. In MRL/lpr mice, exposure of knee joints to LIPUS caused a significant reduction of histological damage compared to the control. Histological lesions were significantly reduced in the joints treated with LIPUS for 3 weeks. Cox-2-positive cells in the knee joints treated with LIPUS were markedly decreased compared to the control joints. Therefore, LIPUS stimulation may be a medical treatment for joint inflammatory diseases, such as synovitis.
Shingo Kuroda, Keiichiro Watanabe, Kyoko Ishimoto, Hideki Nakanishi, Keiji Moriyama and Eiji Tanaka : Long-term stability of LeFort III distraction osteogenesis with a rigid external distraction device in a patient with Crouzon syndrome., American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.140, No.4, 550-561, 2011.
(要約)
A 6-year-old boy, diagnosed with Crouzon syndrome, had moderate exorbitism, a concave profile, an anterior crossbite of -4.0 mm, and a skeletal Class III jaw-base relationship caused by midfacial hypoplasia. At age 8 years 9 months, a LeFort III osteotomy was performed, and distraction osteogenesis was immediately started with the rigid external distractor system. The midface was advanced approximately 10.0 mm for 6 days, including overcorrection. After the distraction, a reverse headgear was used for 6 years to prevent relapse and to accelerate expected growth. At age 16 years 5 months, after extraction of the maxillary first premolars and mandibular third molars, 0.022-in preadjusted edgewise brackets were placed to treat the edge-to-edge incisor relationship and minor crowding. After 13 months of treatment, the facial profile was significantly improved, and an acceptable occlusion was achieved. During the 9-year observation period after the distraction, acceptable facial growth occurred, and no relapse of the maxillary advancement was observed. However, syndrome-specific growth and methodologically induced relapse should be considered when planning a LeFort III distraction in children for the treatment of Crouzon syndrome.
M. J. Lamela, Y. Prado, P. Fernández, A. Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Non-linear Viscoelastic Model for Behaviour Characterization of Temporomandibular Joint Discs, Experimental Mechanics, Vol.51, No.8, 1435-1440, 2011.
(要約)
Generally, the complex behaviour of the disc ofthe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cannot be adequatelyrepresented using linear elastic or linear viscoelasticmodels. Since the disc is regularly subjected to large strainand stress levels, the study of its non-linear response undercompression is of practical interest, especially for analysisof medical dysfunctions. With this aim, relaxation andcreep tests were carried out using round specimens ofdiameters ranging between 4 and 6 mm cut off from thecentral, anterior, posterior, lateral and medial zones ofporcine discs to investigate the regional mechanicalproperties differences. The experimental data results arefitted using Prony series, based on generalized Maxwelland Kelvin models, allowing the relaxation and creepmoduli to be represented, respectively, as a function of thestrain and stress. The results show that the non-linearmaterial behaviour of this biological tissue is properlydescribed by the proposed models, to be consideredsubsequently in numerical calculations.
Teppei Watanabe, Akihiro Yasue, Shinji Fujihara and Eiji Tanaka : PERIOSTIN regulates MMP-2 expression via the αvβ3 integrin/ERK pathway in human periodontal ligament cells., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.57, No.1, 52-59, 2011.
(要約)
OBJECTIVE: During orthodontic tooth movement, activation of the vascular system in the compressed periodontal ligament (PDL), which becomes hypoxic, is essential for periodontal tissue remodelling. PERIOSTIN, an extracellular matrix protein, is expressed in PDL and its concentration is increased on the compressive side during orthodontic tooth movement. PERIOSTIN promotes angiogenesis through upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, which has been shown to be expressed via αvβ3 integrin/extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) signalling pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Therefore, we hypothesized that hypoxia-induced PERIOSTIN promotes MMP-2 expression via αvβ3 integrin/ERK signalling and VEGF in PDL cells. METHODS: Human PDL cells were cultured in condition medium containing desferrioxamine (DFO) to mimic hypoxia. The total RNA, cell lysates or supernatant were collected, and MMP2 and VEGF expression, PERIOSTIN expression and ERK phosphorylation, and MMP-2 activity were analysed by real-time RT-PCR, western blot analysis, and zymography, respectively. A recombinant human PERIOSTIN or PERIOSTIN siRNA was applied to the cells, then the total RNA was extracted to measure MMP-2 and VEGF expression. The cells were treated with αvβ3 integrin-blocking antibody or ERK inhibitor followed by PERIOSTIN stimulation. MMP-2 expression was measured by real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: PERIOSTIN was upregulated in a time-dependent manner in human PDL cells treated with DFO, a chemical hypoxia mimic. MMP-2 and VEGF expression, and MMP-2 activity were increased by DFO or PERIOSTIN treatment, and decreased by PERIOSTIN silencing. PERIOSTIN treatment also induced ERK phosphorylation, and PERIOSTIN-induced MMP-2 was reduced by αvβ3 integrin-blocking antibody or ERK inhibitor. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that PERIOSTIN upregulates MMP-2 expression via the αvβ3 integrin/ERK signalling pathway and VEGF expression in human PDL cells.
Shingo Kuroda, R Wazen, K Sellin, Eiji Tanaka, P Moffatt and A Nanci : Ameloblastin is not implicated in bone remodelling and repair., European Cells & Materials, Vol.22, 56-67, 2011.
(要約)
Ameloblastin (AMBN) is an enamel matrix protein produced by ameloblasts. It has been suggested that AMBN might also be implicated in craniofacial bone formation. Our objective was to determine whether AMBN has an effect on osteogenic mineralisation and influences bone remodelling and repair. MC3T3-E1 cells were screened for endogenous expression of enamel proteins using real time PCR. Various osteogenic cells were infected with lentivirus encoding for AMBN and protein expression was verified using immunochemistry. Cultures were stained with alizarin red and mineralisation was quantified. Healing bone was probed for expression of AMBN by DNA microarray analysis. Tooth extraction, experimental tooth movement (ETM), and creation of a non-critical size bone defect in the tibia (BDT) were carried out in wild type and AMBNΔ5-6 mutant mice. Tissues were processed for immunolabelling of AMBN and Bril, an osteoblast specific protein associated with active bone formation. MC3T3-E1 cells and healing bone showed no significant expression of AMBN. Overexpression of AMBN in osteogenic cultures induced no noticeable changes in mineralisation. In wild type mice, AMBN was immunodetected in ameloblasts and enamel, but not in normal bone, and at sites where bone remodelling and repair were induced. Bone remodelling during ETM and BDT repair in AMBNΔ5-6 mice were not significantly different from that in wild type animals. Our results suggest that AMBN does not influence osteogenic activity in vitro under the conditions used, and does not participate in craniofacial bone remodelling under mechanical stress and in repair of non-critical size bone defects.
(文献検索サイトへのリンク)
● PubMed @ National Institutes of Health, US National Library of Medicine (PMID): 21761392
Shinya Horiuchi, Shingo Kuroda, Masahiro Hiasa, Toshiyuki Suge, Seitaro Saku, Kenichi Hamada, Takashi Matsuo, Kenzo Asaoka and Eiji Tanaka : Reinforcement of bond strength of self-etching orthodontic adhesive., The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.82, No.1, 30-35, 2011.
(要約)
Abstract Objective: To determine the reinforcement of bond strength of a self-etching system by applying a pretreatment agent. Materials and Methods: Sixty extracted human premolars were used in this study. The enamel surfaces were treated with four pretreatment agents?phosphoric acid, polyacrylic acid, citric acid, and ammonium hexafluorosilicate (SiF)?and were examined under a scanning electron microscope. Afterward, orthodontic brackets were bonded with a self-etching adhesive system (n ?=? 10 for each agent), and shear bond strength was measured through a debonding process. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also assessed. Results: Enamel surfaces treated with polyacrylic acid seemed almost the same as intact enamel. Treatment with SiF induced slight shallow depressions compared with the intact enamel. On the other hand, enamel surfaces treated with citric acid and phosphoric acid showed severe etching patterns. All pretreatments increased the bond strength, but SiF-treated specimens revealed the greatest strength (12.201 ? 1.048?MPa), followed by polyacrylic acid (12.030 ? 2.103?MPa). The control group with no pretreatment showed the least strength (9.078 ? 1.678?MPa). All pretreatments increased ARI score compared with the control group. Conclusions: Surface conditioning before bracket adhesion could reinforce the bond strength of the self-etching adhesive system, resulting in a more reliable bonding system.
Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Application of Temporary Anchorage Devices for the Treatment of Adult Class III Malocclusions, Seminars in Orthodontics, Vol.17, No.2, 91-97, 2011.
B E Rego, Toshihiro Inubushi, Mutsumi Miyauchi, A Kawazoe, Eiji Tanaka, Takashi Takata and Kazuo Tanne : Ultrasound stimulation attenuates root resorption of rat replanted molars and impairs tumor necrosis factor- signaling in vitro., Journal of Periodontal Research, Vol.46, No.6, 648-654, 2011.
Kotaro Tanimoto, Takashi Kamiya, Yuki Tanne, Ryo Kunimatsu, Tomomi Mitsuyoshi, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Superficial zone protein affects boundary lubrication on the surface of mandibular condylar cartilage, Cell and Tissue Research, Vol.344, No.2, 333-340, 2011.
(要約)
We examined the localization and boundary lubricating function of superficial zone protein (SZP) on the surface of mandibular condylar cartilage. Chondrocytes were separated from the surface layer of mandibular condylar cartilage of 6- to 9-month-old female pigs. A cyclic tensile strain of 7% or 21% cell elongation was applied to the cultured chondrocytes. Gene expression levels of cartilage matrix proteins and secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The friction coefficient of the mandibular condylar surface was measured by a friction tester before and after treatment with 0.1 U/ml sPLA(2). Significantly higher mRNA levels of SZP and type I collagen were found in chondrocytes from the superficial layer than in those in the other layers. The SZP mRNA level was up-regulated by cyclic tensile strain of 7% and 21% cell elongation. Cyclic tensile strain of 21% cell elongation up-regulated the sPLA(2) mRNA level. The friction coefficient of the condylar surface was increased significantly by treatment with sPLA(2). The removal of SZP from the surface layer of mandibular condylar cartilage by sPLA(2) resulted in a significant increase in the friction coefficient on the surface of articular cartilage.
Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of gene expression is rapidly becoming a powerful tool for molecular therapy. However, the rapid degradation of siRNAs and their limited duration of activity require efficient delivery methods. Atelocollagen (ATCOL)-mediated administration of siRNAs is a promising approach to disease treatment, including muscular atrophy. Herein, we report that ATCOL-mediated systemic administration of a myostatin-targeting siRNA into a caveolin-3-deficient mouse model of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 1C (LGMD1C) induced a marked increase in muscle mass and a significant recovery of contractile force. These results provide evidence that ATCOL-mediated systemic administration of siRNAs may be a powerful therapeutic tool for disease treatment, including muscular atrophy.
Ritsuko 徳永 律子 Oura, Shingo Kuroda, Takumi Takahashi, Yuko Tomita and Eiji Tanaka : Efficient usage of implant anchorage in treatment of overerupted maxillary first molar and mesially inclined mandibular molars, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.139, No.1, 113-122, 2011.
(要約)
This case report demonstrates the efficient use of implant anchorage in a patient with mesially inclined mandibular molars and an overerupted maxillary molar. A 14-year-old girl had an overerupted maxillary right first molar, possibly because of severely inclined mandibular right molars. Two-step use of miniplate anchorage in the right zygomatic process was proposed. As the first step, the overerupted maxillary first molar was intruded with elastic chains from the miniplate for 10 months. Then the maxillary right molars were distalized by using the miniplate to correct the Class II molar relationship. In the mandible, the first molar was extruded with intermaxillary elastics applied from the miniplate to the molar for 7 months after the uprighting of the mandibular right second molar. The results suggest that the use of 2-step implant anchorage is efficient for intrusion and distalization of maxillary molars and extrusion and uprighting of mandibular inclined molars.
Akira Nakajima, Eiji Tanaka, Yoshihiro Ito, Masao Maeno, Koichi Iwata, Noriyoshi Shimizu and F Charles Shuler : The expression of TGF-β3 for epithelial-mesenchyme transdifferentiated MEE in palatogenesis., Journal of Molecular Histology, Vol.41, No.6, 343-355, 2010.
(要約)
The fate of the palatal medial edge epithelial (MEE) cells undergoes programming cell death, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) coincident with the process of palatal fusion and disappearance of MEE. Mesenchymal cells in the palate have both cranial neural crest (CNC) and non-CNC origins. The objectives of this study were to identify the populations of palatal mesenchymal cells using β-galactosidase (β-gal) and DiI cell lineage markers, and to determine whether MEE-derived cells continued to express transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) and transforming growth factor-β type III receptor (TβR-III), which were specific for MEE. A model has been developed using Wnt1 tissue specific expression of Cre-recombinase to activate β-gal solely in the CNC. The expressions of TGF-β3 and TβR-III in MEE were temporally correlated with critical events in palatogenesis. Three cell populations could be distinguished in the palatal mesenchymal CNC-derived, non-CNC derived and MEE-derived. After fusion, β-gal- and DiI+ mesenchymal cells continued to express TGF-β3, however TβR-III was expressed only in the epithelial MEE, as well as keratin expression. In addition, we performed laser capture microdissection to identify mRNA expression of isolated DiI+ MEE cells. Both epithelial and transdifferentiated MEE have expressed TGF-β3, however, TβR-III was only expressed in epithelium. Extracellular matrix, especially MMP13 has been expressed coincident with fused stage which can be strongly associated with TGF-β3. These results demonstrate that combining a heritable marker and a cell lineage dye can distinguish different populations of mesenchymal cells in the developing palate. Furthermore, TGF-β3 and MMP13 could be strongly associated with EMT in palatogenesis.
Tatsuya Nakamura, Shinji Fujihara, Tomoko Kataura, Kumiko Yamamoto, Toshihiro Inubushi, Kotaro Tanimoto and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the expression and activity of hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase in IL-1β-stimulated synovial cells., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.38, No.11, 3363-3370, 2010.
(要約)
The purpose of this study is to examine effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on metabolism of hyaluronan (HA) in synovial membrane cells stimulated by IL-1β. Rabbit knee synovial membrane cell line, HIG-82, was cultured in medium with the presence or absence of 1 ng/mL IL-1β, and after 4 h the cell was exposed to LIPUS for 15 min. The mRNA levels of HA synthase (HAS) 2,3, hyaluronidase (HYAL) 2, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were examined by real-time PCR analysis. Concentrations of HA and PGE2 were quantified by use of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The COX-2 level was analyzed by western blotting. Gene levels of HAS2 and HAS3 in IL-1β-stimulated cells were up-regulated significantly (p < 0.01) by LIPUS. HYAL2 mRNA was up-regulated by the treatment with IL-1β, whereas down-regulated significantly (p < 0.01) by the following LIPUS exposure. Furthermore, IL-1β stimulation enhanced COX-2 and PGE2 expression as compared to the untreated control, and IL-1β-induced COX-2 and PGE2 expression was inhibited by LIPUS. These results suggest that LIPUS enhanced HA synthesis and inhibited HYAL2 expression, leading to the accumulation of high-molecular weight HA. Therefore, LIPUS stimulation may be a better candidate as medical remedy to treat inflammatory joint diseases accompanied with HA degradation in synovial fluid.
Hiroko Mori, Shinya Horiuchi, Satoshi Nishimura, Hiroki Nikawa, Takeshi Murayama, Kanji Ueda, Daiichi Ogawa, Shingo Kuroda, Fumiaki Kawano, Hisashi Naito, Masao Tanaka, Harm Jan Koolstra and Eiji Tanaka : Three-dimensional finite element analysis of cartilaginous tissues in human temporomandibular joint during prolonged clenching., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.55, No.11, 879-886, 2010.
(要約)
OBJECTIVE: Bruxism, the parafunctional habit of nocturnal grinding of the teeth and clenching, is associated with the onset of joint degeneration. Especially prolonged clenching is suggested to cause functional overloading in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). In this study, the distributions of stresses in the cartilaginous TMJ disc and articular cartilage, were analysed during prolonged clenching. The purpose of this study was to examine if joint degradation due to prolonged clenching can be attributed to changes in stress concentration in the cartilaginous tissues. DESIGN: Finite element model was developed on the basis of magnetic resonance images from a healthy volunteer. Condylar movements recorded during prolonged clenching were used as the loading condition for stress analysis. RESULTS: At the onset of clenching (time=0s), the highest von Mises stresses were located in the middle and posterior areas (6.18MPa) of the inferior disc surface facing the condylar cartilage. The largest magnitude of the minimum principal stress (-6.72MPa) was found in the condylar cartilage. The stress concentrations were relieved towards the superior disc surface facing the temporal cartilage. On the surfaces of the temporal cartilage, relatively lower stresses were found. After 5-min clenching, both stress values induced in the TMJ components were reduced to 50-80% of the stress values at the onset of clenching, although the concomitant strains increased slightly during this period. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that both the condylar and temporal cartilage layers along with the TMJ disc, play an important role in stress distribution and transmission during prolonged clenching due to tissue expansion. Furthermore, our study suggests that a development of stress concentrations in the TMJ during prolonged clenching and risk factors for the initiation of TMJ degeneration could not be confirmed.
Taro Adachi, Emi Kawakami, Naozumi Ishimaru, Takahiro Ochiya, Yoshio Hayashi, Hideyo Ohuchi, Masao Tanihara, Eiji Tanaka and Sumihare Noji : Delivery of small interfering RNA with a synthetic collagen poly(Pro-Hyp-Gly) for gene silencing in vitro and in vivo., Development Growth & Differentiation, Vol.52, No.8, 693-699, 2010.
(要約)
Silencing gene expression by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has become a powerful tool for the genetic analysis of many animals. However, the rapid degradation of siRNA and the limited duration of its action in vivo have called for an efficient delivery technology. Here, we describe that siRNA complexed with a synthetic collagen poly(Pro-Hyp-Gly) (SYCOL) is resistant to nucleases and is efficiently transferred into cells in vitro and in vivo, thereby allowing long-term gene silencing in vivo. We found that the SYCOL-mediated local application of siRNA targeting myostatin, coding a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth, in mouse skeletal muscles, caused a marked increase in the muscle mass within a few weeks after application. Furthermore, in vivo administration of an anti-luciferase siRNA/SYCOL complex partially reduced luciferase expression in xenografted tumors in vivo. These results indicate a SYCOL-based non-viral delivery method could be a reliable simple approach to knockdown gene expression by RNAi in vivo as well as in vitro.
(キーワード)
Animals / Base Sequence / Cell Line, Tumor / Collagen / DNA Primers / Gene Silencing / Mice / RNA, Small Interfering / Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Yuko Tomita, Shingo Kuroda, Hideki Nakanishi and Eiji Tanaka : Severity of alveolar cleft affects prognosis of infant orthopedics in complete unilateral cleft lip and palate: three-dimensional evaluation from cheiloplasty to palatoplasty., The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, Vol.21, No.5, 1503-1507, 2010.
(要約)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between severity of alveolar cleft and treatment outcome of infant orthopedics in patients affected by complete unilateral cleft lip and palate from cheiloplasty to palatoplasty with a three-dimensional evaluation method. Treatment outcomes of infant orthopedics were evaluated using three-dimensional linear and angular measurements of plaster models after cheiloplasty (T1) and before palatoplasty (T2). Eleven patients who had a width of alveolar cleft (WC) less than 4.0 mm at T1 (mild group) and 13 patients who had a WC 4.0 mm or greater (severe group) were compared and analyzed. From T1 to T2, the lengths of the alveolar segments were increased, and the WC was decreased without palatal collapse of alveolar segments in both groups. However, the WC in the severe group was significantly decreased by increased growth of the major segment compared with the mild group. The incisive papilla had a more evoked growth to the alveolar cleft side than in the severe group. Conclusively, infant orthopedics was quite useful in reducing WC in patients affected by unilateral cleft lip and palate after cheiloplasty, and the severity of WC significantly affected the prognosis of infant orthopedics.
Nobuhiko Kawai, Ryota Sano, M Joannes A Korfage, Saika Nakamura, Nao Kinouchi, Emi Kawakami, Kazuo Tanne, J Geerling E Langenbach and Eiji Tanaka : Adaptation of rat jaw muscle fibers in postnatal development with a different food consistency: an immunohistochemical and electromyographic study., Journal of Anatomy, Vol.216, No.6, 717-723, 2010.
(要約)
The development of the craniofacial system occurs, among other reasons, as a response to functional needs. In particular, the deficiency of the proper masticatory stimulus affects the growth. The purpose of this study was to relate alterations of muscle activity during postnatal development to adaptational changes in the muscle fibers. Fourteen 21-day-old Wistar strain male rats were randomly divided into two groups and fed on either a solid (hard-diet group) or a powder (soft-diet group) diet for 63 days. A radio-telemetric device was implanted to record muscle activity continuously from the superficial masseter, anterior belly of digastric and anterior temporalis muscles. The degree of daily muscle use was quantified by the total duration of muscle activity per day (duty time), the total burst number and their average length exceeding specified levels of the peak activity (5, 20 and 50%). The fiber type composition of the muscles was examined by the myosin heavy chain content of fibers by means of immunohistochemical staining and their cross-sectional area was measured. All muscle fibers were identified as slow type I and fast type IIA, IIX or IIB (respectively, with increasing twitch contraction speed and fatigability). At lower activity levels (exceeding 5% of the peak activity), the duty time of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle was significantly higher in the soft-diet group than in the hard-diet group (P < 0.05). At higher activity levels (exceeding 20 and 50% of the peak activity), the duty time of the superficial masseter muscle in the soft-diet group was significantly lower than that in the hard-diet group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the duty time of the anterior temporalis muscle at any muscle activity level. The percentage of type IIA fibers of the superficial masseter muscle in the soft-diet group was significantly lower than that in the hard-diet group (P < 0.01) and the opposite was true with regard to type IIB fibers (P < 0.05). The cross-sectional area of type IIX and type IIB fibers of the superficial masseter muscle was significantly smaller in the soft-diet group than in the hard-diet group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the muscle fiber composition and the cross-sectional area of the anterior belly of the digastric and anterior temporalis muscles. In conclusion, for the jaw muscles of male rats reared on a soft diet, the slow-to-fast transition of muscle fiber was shown in only the superficial masseter muscle. Therefore, the reduction in the amount of powerful muscle contractions could be important for the slow-to-fast transition of the myosin heavy chain isoform in muscle fibers.
Braga Emanuel Rego, Toshihiro Inubushi, Aki Kawazoe, Kotaro Tanimoto, Mutsumi Miyauchi, Eiji Tanaka, Takashi Takata and Kazuo Tanne : Ultrasound stimulation induces PGE(2) synthesis promoting cementoblastic differentiation through EP2/EP4 receptor pathway., Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology, Vol.36, No.6, 907-915, 2010.
(要約)
The present study aims to provide insights into how ultrasound treatment (US) can affect the regenerative response of cementum by evaluating the role of prostaglandin E(2) induced by ultrasound stimulation on cementoblastic differentiation. The mouse cementoblast cell line OCCM-30 was exposed to low-intensity ultrasound and the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production were quantified. The role of the US-induced PGE(2) in mineralization was examined using COX-2 inhibitor and prostaglandin receptors (EP-receptors) agonists and antagonists. In addition, gene expression of differentiation markers related to mineral metabolism was evaluated. Ultrasound significantly enhanced COX-2 mRNA expression and PGE(2) production. PGE(2) induced by US mediated mineral nodule formation, whereas COX-2 inhibitor treatment eliminated the enhancement of mineralization induced by US stimulation. Mineral deposition was also inhibited by treatment with EP2 or EP4 antagonist. Moreover, up-regulation of differentiation markers induced by US was suppressed by treatment with COX-2 inhibitor. The present findings provide evidence that US stimulation has a positive effect on mineralization ability of cementoblasts through the activation of EP2/EP4 pathway, suggesting that US can be a promising therapeutic tool for cementum repair.
Kotaro Tanimoto, T Yanagida, Y Tanne, T Kamiya, Y-C Huang, T Mitsuyoshi, N Tanaka, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Modulation of hyaluronan fragmentation by interleukin-1β in synovial membrane cells, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.38, No.4, 1618-1625, 2010.
(要約)
Hyaluronan (HA) plays a crucial role in the lubricating and buffering properties of synovial fluid. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of interleukin (IL)-1beta on HA degradation in cultured synovial membrane cells. The rabbit synovial membrane cell line HIG-82 was cultured with and without IL-1beta. The amounts of HA of varying molecular weights in the medium were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, the mRNA levels of HA synthase (HAS) and hyaluronidase (HYAL) were analyzed by means of real-time PCR, and HYAL activity was analyzed by HA zymography. The amounts of HA with a molecular weight lower than 300 kDa, and between 300 and 1900 kDa, in the culture medium of HIG-82 cells were significantly higher in the presence of IL-1beta. However, the amount of HA with a molecular weight greater than 1900 kDa was significantly lower in the presence of IL-1beta. Both HAS2 and HAS3 mRNA levels were upregulated by treatment with IL-1beta. So, too, were the levels of HYAL1 and HYAL2 mRNA, which resulted in enhanced HYAL activity. However, HYAL activity was inhibited by transfection of HYAL2-siRNA. Our results suggest that IL-1beta is a crucial factor in the fragmentation of HA in inflammatory joints.
(キーワード)
Animals / Cell Line / Dose-Response Relationship, Drug / Hyaluronic Acid / Interleukin-1 / Rabbits / Signal Transduction / Synovial Membrane
Yu-Yu Lin, Nobuaki Tanaka, Satoru Ohkuma, Yasunori Iwabuchi, Yuki Tanne, Takashi Kamiya, Ryo Kunimatsu, Yu-Ching Huang, Motoko Yoshioka, Tomomi Mitsuyoshi, Kotaro Tanimoto, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Applying an excessive mechanical stress alters the effect of subchondral osteoblasts on chondrocytes in a co-culture system., European Journal of Oral Sciences, Vol.118, No.2, 151-158, 2010.
(要約)
Osteoarthritis (OA) sometimes occurs as a consequence of repeated microtrauma involved in parafunction, which may lead to microfracture in the subchondral bone. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of subchondral osteoblasts in loading with repeated excessive mechanical stress on the metabolism of overlying chondrocytes. A high-magnitude cyclic tensile stress of 15 kPa (30 cycles min(-1)) was applied to the cultured osteoblasts obtained from porcine mandibular condyles. The chondrocytes in alginate beads were then co-cultured with mechanically stressed or unstressed osteoblasts. Chondrocytes co-cultured with unstressed osteoblasts showed a phenotypic shift to hypertrophic chondrocytes, characterized by decreased expression of type II collagen, aggrecan, Sry-related HMG box (SOX-9), and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) genes and increased expression of type X collagen and bone sialoprotein (BSP) genes, suggesting that the co-culture may change the chondrocyte differentiation to some extent. These changes were more distinct in chondrocytes co-cultured with excessively mechanically stressed osteoblasts. After co-culture with stressed osteoblasts, the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)1, MMP3 and MMP13 genes were also enhanced and the synthesis of DNA, proteoglycan and collagen were significantly decreased in chondrocytes. These results demonstrate that alterations in cartilage metabolism can be induced by stressed osteoblasts, indicating a possible explanation for the onset and progression of OA.
Kotaro Tanimoto, R Kitamura, Y Tanne, T Kamiya, R Kunimatsu, M Yoshioka, N Tanaka, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Modulation of hyaluronan catabolism in chondrocytes by mechanical stimuli, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, Vol.93, No.1, 373-380, 2010.
(要約)
Hyaluronan (HA) is a component of the extracellular matrices of cartilage contributing to the structural and functional integrity. HA metabolism is regulated by both anabolic and catabolic processes; however, a great deal more of the detail has been unknown yet. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of excessive mechanical load on the expression and activity of hyaluronidase (HYAL) in chondrocytes with a special reference to the expressions of IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. A cyclic tensile load of 22.8% cell elongation, regarded as an excessive mechanical stimulus, was applied to cultured rabbit knee articular chondrocytes. HYAL1, HYAL2, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha mRNA levels were examined by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. The HYAL activity in culture medium was examined by HA zymography. Both HYAL1 and HYAL2 mRNA levels were upregulated significantly by the loading in cultured chondrocytes. HYAL activity was also enhanced as compared with unloaded controls. The IL-1beta mRNA level was upregulated significantly by the loading, and TNF-alpha mRNA level was slightly upregulated. HYAL1 and HYAL2 mRNA levels were upregulated significantly by IL-1beta treatment, resulting in a slight increase in HYAL activity. These results show that the expression of HYAL1 and HYAL2 in articular chondrocytes is enhanced by excessive mechanical stimuli and affected in part by induction of IL-1beta, leading to HA catabolism in articular cartilage. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2009.
Eizo Yamano, Mutsumi Miyauchi, Hisako Furusyo, Aki Kawazoe, Atsushi Ishikado, Taketoshi Makino, Kazuo Tanne, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Takata : Inhibitory effects of orally administrated liposomal bovine lactoferrin on the LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis., Laboratory Investigation; a Journal of Technical Methods and Pathology, Vol.90, No.8, 1236-1246, 2010.
(要約)
Bovine lactoferrin (bLF) modulates the production of proinflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and may thus control alveolar bone destruction associated with periodontitis. In this study, the effects of bLF on mRNA expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated osteoblasts (OBs) and on LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis were examined. The inhibitory effects of oral administration of liposomal-bLF (L-bLF), which improved the robustness of bLF to digestive enzymes, on alveolar bone resorption using LPS-induced periodontitis rat model are also reported. Three groups of 7-week-old male Wistar rats were treated with L-bLF (L-bLF group), bLF (bLF group), or the vehicle (control group) in drinking water (n=6 in each group). On day 7, LPS was topically applied into the gingival sulcus. Number of osteoclasts and immunoexpression of TNF-alpha were analyzed. The bLF inhibited the upregulation of TNF-alpha-mRNA- and upregulation of receptor activator of NFkappaB (RANKL)-mRNA expression and eliminated downregulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG)-mRNA expression in LPS-stimulated OBs and reduced LPS-induced osteoclastogenesis in co-culture with primary OBs and bone marrow cells. In the control group, the number of osteoclasts increased after LPS treatment. The number of osteoclasts that appeared along the alveolar bone margin was significantly reduced (P<0.01) in the L-bLF but not in the bLF group. Furthermore, L-bLF suppressed upregulation of TNF-alpha immunoexpression in periodontal tissue and TNF-alpha and interleukin (IL)-1beta-mRNA level in gingival tissue. The results of this study indicate that oral administration of L-bLF significantly reduces alveolar bone resorption induced by LPS stimulation through inhibition of TNF-alpha production and modulation of RANKL/OPG balance in OBs. It is suggested that L-bLF could be a potent therapeutic and preventive agent for attenuating alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis patients.Laboratory Investigation advance online publication, 26 April 2010; doi:10.1038/labinvest.2010.80.
The purpose of this study was to examine the antibacterial activity of composite resin with glass-ionomer filler particles versus that of contemporary commercial composite resins. Three composite resins were used: Beautifil II (containing S-PRG filler), Clearfil AP-X, and Filtek Z250. Resin blocks were bonded to maxillary first molars, and plaque accumulation on the resin block surface was examined after 8 hours. For the antibacterial test, the number of Streptococcus mutans in contact with the composite resin blocks after incubation for 12 hours was determined, and adherence of radiolabeled bacteria was evaluated. Less dental plaque was formed on Beautifil II resin block as compared to the other two materials. Antibacterial test revealed that there were no significant differences in the number of Streptococcus mutans among the three composite resins. However, the adherence of radiolabeled bacteria to the saliva-treated resin surface was significantly (p>0.01) lower in Beautifil II than in the other two materials. These results suggested that Beautifil II could reduce dental plaque formation and bacterial adherence, leading to prevention of secondary caries
Yasuko Kuroda, Shingo Kuroda, Richard G. Alexander and Eiji Tanaka : Adult Class lll Treatment Using a J-Hook Headgear to the Mandibular Arch., The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.80, No.2, 336-343, 2010.
(要約)
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the treatment effects of high-pull J-hook headgear on the lower dental arch in nongrowing Class III patients. Materials and Methods: Fourteen nongrowing Class III patients having an Angle Class III malocclusion and ANB angle of less than 1.0 degree, were treated with high-pull J-hook headgear to the lower arch. Using lateral cephalograms and plaster models obtained before treatment (T1), after active treatment (T2), and after the retention period (T3), the treatment outcome was analyzed. Results: The incisal edge of the lower central incisor moved a mean of 1.2 mm to the lingual and 1.7 mm to the occlusal between T1 and T2. The axis of the lower incisor inclined 4.0 degrees to the lingual. The lower first molar cusp moved 1.5 mm to the distal and the root apex moved 2.0 mm to the mesial. Molar angulations were tipped 9.8 degrees to the distal. The occlusal plane showed 4.5 degrees counterclockwise rotation. The mean intermolar width increased 1.5 mm on average. Comparison of the records between T2 and T3 showed minimal changes. Conclusions: Distal movement of the lower dental arch using J-hook headgear was clearly demonstrated, confirming that the application of high-pull J-hook headgear to the lower arch was effective for improvement of the Class III occlusion.
Takashi Kamiya, Kotaro Tanimoto, Yuki Tanne, YY Lin, Ryo Kunimatsu, Motoko Yoshioka, Nobuaki Tanaka, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Effects of mechanical stimuli on the synthesis of superficial zone protein in chondrocytes, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, Vol.92, No.2, 801-805, 2010.
(要約)
Superficial zone protein (SZP) has been demonstrated to contribute to the boundary lubrication in synovial joints. This study was designed to clarify the modulation of SZP expression by mechanical stress in articular chondrocytes. Cyclic tensile strains of 7 and 21% cell elongation were applied to cultured chondrocytes obtained from porcine mandibular condylar cartilage. The mRNA levels of SZP, IL-1 beta, and TGF-beta1 were examined by a quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Protein level of SZP was examined by Western blotting. The SZP mRNA level was significantly upregulated after 12, 24, and 48 h by 7% elongation. Although SZP mRNA level was upregulated by 21% elongation after 12 h, it decreased to a lower level than the control after 48 h. The TGF-beta1 mRNA level exhibited an almost similar change to SZP. The IL-1 beta mRNA level was not changed markedly by 7% elongation. However, the IL-1 beta mRNA level was significantly increased by a 12-h application of 21% elongation. Western blot analysis revealed that the SZP expression was increased by 7% elongation, but decreased remarkably by 21% elongation. It is suggested from these findings that the SZP expression level in the chondrocytes is enhanced by optimal mechanical stimuli, but inhibited by excessive loading partly affected by TGF-beta1 and IL-1 beta, leading to the deterioration of joint lubrication. (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Maya Shirakura, Keiji Tanimoto, Hidetaka Eguchi, Mutsumi Miyauchi, Hideaki Nakamura, Keiko Hiyama, Kotaro Tanimoto, Eiji Tanaka, Takashi Takata and Kazuo Tanne : Activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in overloaded temporomandibular joint, and induction of osteoclastogenesis., Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol.393, No.4, 800-805, 2010.
(要約)
Vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) was previously shown to be expressed specifically in the condylar cartilage of temporomandibular joint-osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) model rats. Here we demonstrate for the first time that hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (Hif-1alpha) is activated in mature chondrocytes of temporomandibular joint-osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) model rat by mechanical overload, and that activated Hif-1 in chondrocytes can induce osteoclastogenesis via repression of osteoprotegerin (Opg) expression. In rat TMJs, degeneration of the condylar cartilage became prominent in proportion to the duration of overloading. Hif-1alpha expression was observed specifically in mature and hypertrophic chondrocytes, and Hif-1alpha-positivity, level of Vegf expression, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive cell numbers all increased in the same manner. When ATDC5 cells induced differentiation by insulin were cultured under hypoxia, Hif-1alpha induction was observed in mature stage, but not in immature stage. Inductions of Hif-1-target genes showed a similar expression pattern. In addition, expression of Opg decreased in hypoxia, and Hif-1alpha played a role, in part, in its regulation.
R Kitamura, Kotaro Tanimoto, Y Tanne, T Kamiya, Y-C Huang, N Tanaka, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Effects of mechanical load on the expression and activity of hyaluronidase in cultured synovial membrane cells, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, Vol.92, No.1, 87-93, 2010.
(要約)
Hyaluronan (HA) has lubricating and buffering functions in joints. Mechanical load is a regulatory factor of HA metabolism in joints, and HA synthesis by synovial membrane cells is modulated by mechanical load. However, the effects of mechanical load on HA catabolism by hyaluronidase (HYAL) in synovial membrane cells remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cyclic tensile load on the expression and activity of HYAL in synovial membrane cells. A cyclic tensile load of 22.8% cell elongation was applied to cultured rabbit synovial membrane cells for 3 to 48 h with or without cycloheximide. HYAL1 and HYAL2 mRNA levels were evaluated by means of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. HYAL activity in the cell culture was analyzed by means of HA zymography with or without HYAL2-small interfering (si) RNA. Levels of both HYAL1 and HYAL2 mRNA were up-regulated significantly (p < 0.01) by the cyclic tensile load with or without cycloheximide. HYAL activity was detected in the loaded cell cultures and was suppressed substantially by HYAL2-siRNA. HYAL activity was undetectable in unloaded cell cultures. These results show that a cyclic tensile load induces the expression and activity of HYAL in synovial membrane cells, suggesting that increased HYAL by mechanical load affects HA catabolism in synovial fluid.
Masahiro Hiasa, Masahiro Abe, Ayako Nakano, Asuka Oda, Hiroe Amou, Shinsuke Kido, Kyoko Takeuchi, Kumiko Kagawa, Kenichiro Yata, Toshihiro Hashimoto, Shuji Ozaki, Kenzo Asaoka, Eiji Tanaka, Keiji Moriyama and Toshio Matsumoto : GM-CSF and IL-4 induce dendritic cell differentiation and disrupt osteoclastogenesis through M-CSF receptor shedding by up-regulation of TNF-{alpha} converting enzyme (TACE), Blood, Vol.114, No.20, 4517-4526, 2009.
(要約)
Monocytes give rise to macrophages, osteoclasts (OCs), and dendritic cells (DCs). M-CSF and RANK ligand induce OC differentiation from monocytes, while GM-CSF and IL-4 trigger monocytic differentiation into DCs. These two differentiation pathways occur in a mutually exclusive manner. However, regulatory mechanisms for the polarization of monocytic differentiation are still unclear. The present study was undertaken to clarify the mechanism of triggering the deflection of OC and DC differentiation from monocytes. GM-CSF and IL-4 abolished monocytic differentiation into OCs while inducing DC differentiation even in the presence of M-CSF and RANK ligand. GM-CSF and IL-4 in combination potently up-regulate TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) expression and activity in monocytes, causing ectodomain shedding of the membrane-bound M-CSF receptor, resulting in the disruption of its phosphorylation by M-CSF as well as the induction of osteoclastogenesis from monocytes by M-CSF and RANK ligand. Interestingly, TACE inhibition robustly causes the resumption of the surface expression of M-CSF receptors on monocytes, which facilitates M-CSF-mediated phosphorylation of M-CSF receptors and macrophage/OC differentiation while impairing GM-CSF and IL-4-mediated DC differentiation from monocytes. These results reveal a novel proteolytic regulation of M-CSF receptor expression in monocytes to control M-CSF signaling and monocytic differentiation into macrophage/OC-lineage cells or DCs.
Yuko Kondo, Takumi Takahashi, Yasuo Oba, Shingo Kuroda, Eiji Tanaka and Keiji Moriyama : Blood flow distribution of repaired lip in cleft lip patients., The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.79, No.6, 1182-1187, 2009.
(要約)
Abstract Objective: To investigate the blood flow distribution in the repaired lip of cleft patients using a laser Doppler imager and to evaluate the difference in blood flow of the scar tissue between unilateral cleft lip patients with and without cleft palate. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with either unilateral cleft lip only (CL group, n = 8) or cleft lip and palate (CLP group, n = 12) were used as subjects. The blood flow of the upper lip was two-dimensionally visualized by a color scale alongside the corresponding photo image of the tissue surface with laser Doppler imaging. The upper lip photo image was divided into five regions: scar, white lip on the cleft side, white lip on the noncleft side, red lip on the cleft side, and red lip on the noncleft side. The average flux score (AFS), which is proportional to blood flow, was analyzed in each region. Results: The AFS for the scar region was significantly (P < .05) lower than in the other four regions. The AFS for the red lip on the cleft side was not significantly different from that for the noncleft side. The white lip revealed a significantly (P < .05) higher score on the cleft side than on the noncleft side. The AFS ratio (AFS in the scar region/AFS in the white lip region) was significantly (P < .01) lower in the CLP group than in the CL group. Conclusions: These results suggest that blood flow distribution in the repaired lip might be affected by the anatomic features of the cleft.
JH Koolstra and Eiji Tanaka : Tensile stress patterns predicted in the articular disc of the human temporomandibular joint, Journal of Anatomy, Vol.215, No.4, 411-416, 2009.
(要約)
The direction of the first principal stress in the articular disc of the temporomandibular joint was predicted with a biomechanical model of the human masticatory system. The results were compared with the orientation of its collagen fibers. Furthermore, the effect of an active pull of the superior lateral pterygoid muscle, which is directly attached to the articular disc, was studied. It was hypothesized that the markedly antero-posterior direction of the collagen fibers would be reflected in the direction of the tensile stresses in the disc and that active pull of the superior lateral pterygoid muscle would augment these tensions. It was found that the tensile patterns were extremely dependent on the stage of movement and on the mandibular position. They differed between the superior and inferior layers of the disc. The hypothesis could only be confirmed for the anterior and middle portions of the disc. The predicted tensile principal stresses in the posterior part of the disc alternated between antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions.
Nobuhiko Kawai, Sano Ryota, Korfage A M J, Nakamura Saika, Eiji Tanaka, Wessel van Tim, Langenbach E J G and Kazuo Tanne : Functional characteristics of the rat jaw muscles: daily muscle activity and fiber type composition, Journal of Anatomy, Vol.215, No.6, 656-662, 2009.
(要約)
Skeletal muscles have a heterogeneous fiber type composition, which reflects their functional demand. The daily muscle use and the percentage of slow-type fibers have been shown to be positively correlated in skeletal muscles of larger animals but for smaller animals there is no information. The examination of this relationship in adult rats was the purpose of this study. We hypothesized a positive relationship between the percentage of fatigue-resistant fibers in each muscle and its total duration of use per day. Fourteen Wistar strain male rats (410-450 g) were used. A radio-telemetric device was implanted to record muscle activity continuously from the superficial masseter, deep masseter, anterior belly of digastric and anterior temporalis muscles. The degree of daily muscle use was quantified by the total duration of muscle activity per day (duty time) exceeding specified levels of the peak activity (2, 5, 20 and 50%). The fiber type composition of the muscles was examined by the myosin heavy chain content of the fibers by means of immunohistochemical staining. At lower activity levels (exceeding 2 and 5% of the peak activity), the duty time of the anterior belly of digastric muscle was significantly (P < 0.01) longer than those of the other muscles. The anterior belly of digastric muscle also contained the highest percentage of slow-type fibers (type I fiber and hybrid fiber co-expressing myosin heavy chain I + IIA) (ca. 11%; P < 0.05). By regression analysis for all four muscles, an inter-muscular comparison showed a positive relationship between the duty time (exceeding 50% of the peak activity) and the percentage of type IIX fibers (P < 0.05), which demonstrate intermediate physiological properties relative to type IIA and IIB fibers. For the jaw muscles of adult male rats, the variations of fiber type composition and muscle use suggest that the muscle containing the largest amounts of slow-type fibers (the anterior belly of digastric muscle) is mainly involved in low-amplitude activities and that the amount of type IIX fibers is positively related to the generation of large muscle forces, validating our hypothesis.
Yuki Nakatani, Kotaro Tanimoto, Nobuaki Tanaka, Yuki Tanne, Takashi Kamiya, Ryo Kunimatsu, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : Effects of hyaluronan oligosaccharide on the expression of MMP-1 in periodontal ligament cells, Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.54, No.8, 757-763, 2009.
(要約)
It is well known that low-molecular weight hyaluronan (HA) is detected in human periodontal tissue under inflammatory conditions. HA oligosaccharide (HAoligo) has been demonstrated to induce matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 expression in dendritic cells and chondrocytes, however, the bioactivities of HAoligo in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of HAoligo on MMP-1 expression in human PDL (HPDL) cells and the mechanisms in terms of the signal transmission. HAoligo was generated and purified from commercial human umbilical cord HA. HPDL cells were isolated from healthy ligaments, and cultured with HAoligo for 0-24h. The expression of MMP-1, tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 was analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. Effects of specific inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity, MAPK kinase activity and NFkB activity on HAoligo-induced MMP-1 expression in HPDL cells were also investigated by real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. HAoligo remarkably enhanced MMP-1 expression in both mRNA and protein levels, but no effect was shown on the expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 mRNAs. Inhibition of p38MAPK activity decreased the MMP-1 expression. Neither inhibition of NFkB nor MAPKK activity affected the MMP-1 expression. It was suggested that HAoligo induces MMP-1 expression in HPDL cells, and p38MAPK plays a crucial role in signal transduction for MMP-1 inducted by HAoligo
Y Ohnuki, Nobuhiko Kawai, Eiji Tanaka, Kazuo Tanne, GEJ Langenbach and Y Saeki : Effects of increased occlusal vertical dimension on daily activity and myosin heavy chain composition in rat jaw muscle, Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.54, No.8, 783-789, 2009.
(要約)
Mammalian skeletal muscles change their contractile-protein phenotype in response to mechanical loading and/or chronic electrical stimulation, implying that the phenotypic changes in masticatory muscles might result from new masticatory-loading conditions. To analyze the effects of increased occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) on daily activities and fibre-type compositions in jaw muscles, we measured the total duration of daily activity (duty time) and the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) compositions in the masseter and digastric muscles of freely moving control and bite-opened rats. In the control state, the duty time of the digastric muscle was higher than that of the masseter muscle at activity levels exceeding 5 and 20% of the day's peak activity. The opposite was true at activity levels exceeding 50 and 80% of the day's peak activity. The MyHCs consisted of a mixture of fast and slow types in the digastric muscle. The masseter consisted of mostly fast-type MyHC. The increment of OVD increased not only the duty time at activity levels exceeding 5, 20, 50 and 80% of the day' peak activity in both muscles but also the proportion of MyHC IIa in the masseter muscle and MyHC I in the digastric muscle at the expense of that of MyHC IIb. These results suggest that the increment of OVD changes masseter and digastric muscles towards slower phenotypes by an increase in their daily activities.
Kei Jinno, Takumi Takahashi, K Tsuchida, Eiji Tanaka and Keiji Moriyama : Acceleration of palatal wound healing in Smad3-deficient mice, Journal of Dental Research, Vol.88, No.8, 757-761, 2009.
(要約)
Wound healing is a well-orchestrated complex process leading to the repair of injured tissues. It is suggested that transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta/Smad3 signaling is involved in wound healing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling in palatal wound healing in Smad3-deficient (Smad3(-/-)) mice. Histological examination showed that wound closure was accelerated by the proliferation of epithelium and dermal cells in Smad3(-/-) mice compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Macrophage/monocyte infiltration at wounded regions in Smad3(-/-) mice was decreased in parallel with the diminished production of TGF-beta1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha compared with WT mice. Fibrocytes, expressing hematopoietic surface marker and fibroblast products, were recruited and produced alpha-smooth-muscle actin in WT mice, but were not observed in Smad3(-/-) mice. These results suggest that TGF-beta/Smad3 signaling may play an important role in the regulation of palatal wound healing.
C Nishio, K Tanimoto, M Hirose, Shinya Horiuchi, Shingo Kuroda, Kazuo Tanne and Eiji Tanaka : Stress analysis in the mandibular condyle during prolonged clenching: a theoretical approach with the finite element method., Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine, Vol.223, No.6, 739-748, 2009.
(要約)
Parafunctional habits, such as bruxism and prolonged clenching, have been associated with functional overloading in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which may result in internal derangement and osteoarthrosis of the TMJ. In this study, the distributions of stress on the mandibular condylar surface during prolonged clenching were examined with TMJ mathematical models. Finite element models were developed on the basis of magnetic resonance images from two subjects with or without anterior disc displacement of the TMJ. Masticatory muscle forces were used as a loading condition for stress analysis during a 10 min clenching. In the asymptomatic model, the stress values in the anterior area (0.100 MPa) and lateral area (0.074 MPa) were relatively high among the five areas at 10 min. In the middle and posterior areas, stress relaxation occurred during the first 2 min. In contrast, the stress value in the lateral area was markedly lower (0.020 MPa) than in other areas in the symptomatic model at 10 min. The largest stress (0.050 MPa) was located in the posterior area. All except the anterior area revealed an increase in stress during the first 2 min. The present result indicates that the displacement of the disc could affect the stress distribution on the condylar articular surface during prolonged clenching, especially in the posterior area, probably leading to the cartilage breakdown on the condylar articular surface.
Shinya Horiuchi, Kazuyuki Kaneko, H Mori, Emi Kawakami, T Tsukahara, K Yamamoto, Kenichi Hamada, Kenzo Asaoka and Eiji Tanaka : Enamel bonding of self-etching and phosphoric acid-etching orthodontic adhesives in simulated clinical conditions: Debonding force and enamel surface, Dental Materials Journal, Vol.28, No.4, 419-425, 2009.
(要約)
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of self-etching and phosphoric acid-etching orthodontic adhesives for enamel bonding in simulated clinical conditions. By using two self-etching (Transbond Plus, TP; Beauty Ortho Bond, BB) and two acid-etching (Transbond XT, TX; Superbond Orthomite, SB) adhesives, orthodontic brackets were bonded on human premolars (n=10 for each adhesive). Ten teeth without bracket bonding, i.e., intact enamel surfaces, were used as control for SEM observation. After 7-day storage in lactic acid solution, bracket debonding force by means of debonding pliers, adhesive remnant index (ARI), and enamel surface morphology were examined. All the tested adhesives exhibited sufficient bond strength for clinical use. The ARI scores were almost the same among the four adhesives. In terms of SEM observation, the enamel surfaces in the control and TP groups showed a slight change after immersion in lactic acid solution, while the BB group showed less change on the enamel surface compared with the TP group. Meanwhile, the two acid-etching adhesives caused considerable demineralization. Taken together, these findings indicated that the action of self-etching systems was evidently more conservative.
YY Lin, Nobuaki Tanaka, Satoru Ohkuma, Takashi Kamiya, Ryo Kunimatsu, Y-C Huang, Motoko Yoshioka, Tomomi Mitsuyoshi, Yuki Tanne, Kotaro Tanimoto, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : The mandibular cartilage metabolism is altered by damaged subchondral bone from traumatic impact loading, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.37, No.7, 1358-1367, 2009.
(要約)
Osteoarthritis (OA) in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a degenerative disease caused by excessive external loading. Recently, it was reported that the damage in the mineralized subchondral bone caused by traumatic impact-loading is responsible for the initiation and progression of cartilage degeneration. Thus far, we have hypothesized that cytokines released from damaged subchondral bone from impact-loading affect the cartilage catabolism under pathological conditions. An impactor of 200 gw was dropped onto the top of a porcine mandibular condyle. After organ culture for 2 days, we investigated the association between the subchondral bone and cartilage using histological and biochemical experiments. The impact-loading induced the expression of IL-1beta immunohistochemically and prominently up-regulated IL-1alpha and IL-1beta mRNA levels in subchondral bone. We confirmed a significant decrease in type II collagen and aggrecan mRNA expressions in chondrocytes by co-culture with osteoblasts after impact-loading, and significant increase in mRNA and protein expressions of IL-1beta in subchondral osteoblasts from impact-loaded subchondral bone. The mRNA expressions of type II collagen, aggrecan, and type X collagen in chondrocytes were decreased significantly by the co-culture with osteoblasts pre-treated by IL-1beta, -6, and TNF-alpha. Among them, osteoblasts pre-treated by IL-1beta affected chondrocytes most strongly. It was also shown that IL-1beta-treated osteoblasts enhanced the MMP-1 mRNA level most markedly in chondrocytes among the four cytokines. These results suggest that the TMJ subjected to impact-loading can increase directly IL-1beta synthesis in the subchondral region, subsequently altering the metabolism of adjacent cartilage and may eventually resulting in the onset and progression of TMJ-OA.
Shinya Horiuchi, Kenzo Asaoka and Eiji Tanaka : Development of a novel cement by conversion of hopeite in set zinc phosphate cement into biocompatible apatite, Bio-Medical Materials and Engineering, Vol.19, No.2, 121-131, 2009.
(要約)
Synthetic bone cement that has zinc oxide core particles covered with hydroxyapatite (HAP) was developed; that is, the conversion of hopeite, the traditional zinc phosphate cement, into HAP was attempted. Here, hopeite is the final product of the reaction between powders and trituration liquid of the traditional zinc phosphate cement. This cement may have many advantages not only in terms of biological functions but also the setting process of the traditional cement and the mechanical properties of the developed compact if the hopeite can be converted into calcium phosphate (CP). In this study, calcium nitrate solutions of various concentrations were used for the conversion of hopeite crystals into CP. The products after the solution treatment were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. These results indicated that the converted scholzite crystals could be partially detected. Several types of set zinc phosphate cement with different P/L ratios were arranged. The surface products of the set cement after the solution treatment were analyzed by XRD. However, the crystal phase such as hopeite was not detected except for zinc oxide. The set cement, which was treated with the calcium nitrate solution, was immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF). HAP-like crystals on the set cement could be detected for the specimens immersed for 4 weeks. These findings suggested that the binding phase in the set cement could be converted into HAP by immersion in SBF.
Shingo Kuroda, Kotaro Tanimoto, Takashi Izawa, Shinji Fujihara, J H. Koolstra and Eiji Tanaka : Biomechanical and biochemical characteristics of the mandibular condylar cartilage., Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, Vol.17, No.11, 1408-1415, 2009.
(要約)
The human masticatory system consists of a mandible which is able to move with respect to the skull at its bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) through contractions of the masticatory muscles. Like other synovial joints, the TMJ is loaded mechanically during function. The articular surface of the mandibular condyle is covered with cartilage that is composed mainly of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. This construction results in a viscoelastic response to loading and enables the cartilage to play an important role as a stress absorber during function. To understand its mechanical functions properly, and to assess its limitations, detailed information about the viscoelastic behavior of the mandibular condylar cartilage is required. The purpose of this paper is to review the fundamental concepts of the biomechanical behavior of the mandibular condylar cartilage. This review consists of four parts. Part 1 is a brief introduction of the structure and function of the mandibular condylar cartilage. In Part 2, the biochemical composition of the mandibular condylar cartilage is summarized. Part 3 explores the biomechanical properties of the mandibular condylar cartilage. Finally, Part 4 relates this behavior to the breakdown mechanism of the mandibular condylar cartilage which is associated with the progression of osteoarthritis in the TMJ.
Yukiko Kitase, Masahiko Yokozeki, Shinji Fujihara, Takashi Izawa, Shingo Kuroda, Kotaro Tanimoto, Keiji Moriyama and Eiji Tanaka : Analysis of gene expression profiles in human periodontal ligament cells under hypoxia: the protective effect of CC chemokine ligand 2 to oxygen shortage., Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.54, No.7, 618-624, 2009.
(要約)
Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells appear to play important functional roles in response to mechanical stress. We hypothesized that hypoxia caused by a deformation of blood vessels and the following ischaemia may play a crucial role in differential gene expression in PDL cells affected by mechanical stress. Gene induction in cultured human PDL cells by hypoxia was analyzed using cDNA array, followed by RT-PCR analysis. Eleven hypoxia-responsive genes were found differentially expressed under low-oxygen conditions in PDL cells. Among them, CCR2, CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) receptor was studied in more detail since little information is available on the role of chemokines in adaptive responses of PDL cells under hypoxia. Here we investigate whether CCR2 mediates the signalling to maintain the homeostasis of PDL cells. We found that cell death of PDL cells was induced under hypoxia with down-regulation of CCL2 mRNA expression. However, the exogenous CCL2 prevented PDL cell death under oxygen shortage with the increment of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis (cIAP) mRNA expression. The present study demonstrated substantial effects of hypoxia on gene expression of CCL2 and CCR2 in PDL cells, indicating that mechanical loading accompanied with mild hypoxia allows PDL cells to elicit adaptive responses with up-regulation of CCR2.
Nishio Clarice, Mendes de Moraes Alvaro, Almeida Antonio de Oliveira Marco, Eiji Tanaka, Tanne Kazuo and Eliasf Nelson Carlos : Evaluation of esthetic brackets' resistance to torsional forces from the archwire, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics (AJO-DO), Vol.135, No.1, 42-48, 2009.
(要約)
The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to deformation or fracture of esthetic brackets produced by archwire torsion. Six types of maxillary right central incisor brackets were analyzed: traditional ceramic brackets (cer); ceramic brackets reinforced with a stainless steel slot (cer/ss); ceramic brackets reinforced with a gold slot (cer/gold); traditional polycarbonate brackets (poly); polycarbonate brackets reinforced with a stainless steel slot (poly/ss); and polycarbonate brackets reinforced with ceramic fillers and a stainless steel slot (poly/cer/ss). Stainless steel wire segments were used, and the testing instrument (Emic DL 10000, São José do Rio Preto, PR, Brazil) was moved at a rate of 1 inch per minute to generate the wire torsion. The brackets showed deformation or fracture resistance values (gf x mm) in decreasing order as follows: cer/ss (3528.1 +/- 516.6), cer/gold (2858.7 +/- 611.6), cer (2424.0 +/- 352.1), poly/cer/ss (2279.5 +/- 174.5), poly/ss (2142.0 +/- 275.7), and poly (1463.6 +/- 193.3). The cer/ss ceramic brackets showed the greatest statistically significant (P <0.01) values of resistance to fracture, and the poly brackets had the lowest statistically significant (P <0.01) values of resistance to deformation. The cer brackets showed no significant differences (P >0.01) from the cer/gold, the poly/cer/ss, and the poly/ss brackets. This suggested that the stainless steel slot might enhance resistance to deformation or fracture, although gold slots and ceramic fillers are ineffective for reinforcing esthetic brackets.
Eiji Tanaka, R Sano, Nobuhiko Kawai, J M A Korfage, S Nakamura, Takashi Izawa, G J E Langenbach and Kazuo Tanne : Regional differences in fiber characteristics in the rat temporalis muscle, Journal of Anatomy, Vol.213, No.6, 743-748, 2008.
(要約)
The behavioral differences in muscle use are related to the fiber type composition of the muscles among other variables. The aim of this study was to examine the degree of heterogeneity in the fiber type composition in the rat temporalis muscle. The temporalis muscle was taken from 10-week-old Wistar strain male rats (n = 5). Fiber types were classified by immunohistochemical staining according to their myosin heavy chain content. The anterior temporalis revealed an obvious regional difference of the fiber type distribution, whereas the posterior temporalis was homogeneous. The deep anterior temporalis showed a predominant proportion of type IIA fibers and was the only muscle portion displaying slow type fibers (< 10%). The other two muscle portions, the superficial anterior and posterior temporalis, did not differ significantly from each other and contained mainly type IIB fibers. Moreover, the deep anterior temporalis was the only muscle portion showing slow type fibers (< 10%). In the deep portion, type IIX fibers revealed the largest cross-sectional area (1943.1 +/- 613.7 microm(2)), which was significantly (P < 0.01) larger than those of type IIA and I + IIA fibers. The cross-sectional area of type IIB fibers was the largest in the remaining two muscle portions and was significantly (P < 0.01) larger than that of type IIX fibers. In conclusion, temporalis muscle in rats showed an obvious heterogeneity of fiber type composition and fiber cross-sectional area, which suggests multiple functions of this muscle.
Eiji Tanaka, A Kawazoe, S Nakamura, G Ito, N Hirose, Y Tanne, N Kawai, K Tanimoto and K Tanne : An adolescent patient with multiple impacted teeth, The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.78, No.6, 1110-1118, 2008.
(要約)
Multiple impacted permanent teeth is uncommon and rarely reported in the literature. This article reports the treatment of an adolescent patient with multiple impacted teeth without systemic disease. A 9-year 2-month-old boy complained of a delay of eruption of the first molars. All first molars were unerupted, and the left deciduous second molar was a submerged tooth. The panoramic radiograph showed all permanent teeth except the incisors were unerupted and, especially for the first molars, spontaneous eruption was not expected. His medical history was uneventful. A lingual arch appliance and a segmental arch were placed on the mandibular and maxillary dentitions, respectively, to guide eruption of the impacted first molars. After traction of the first molars, eruption of the impacted lower premolars was induced. Furthermore, at 15 years the impacted mandibular second molars were also positioned properly by use of the lingual arch with auxiliary wires. After achieving traction of the impacted teeth, tooth alignment was initiated using multibracket appliances after the bilateral extraction of the second premolars. After 22 months of treatment with multibracket appliances, an acceptable occlusion was achieved with a Class I molar relationship. After 2 years of retention an acceptable occlusion was maintained without any relapse in the occlusion. Since a delay in the treatment of impacted teeth may induce secondary problems such as root dilacerations and ankylosis, it is highly recommended to perform early treatment of multiple impacted teeth during adolescence.
(キーワード)
Adolescent / Bicuspid / Child / Cuspid / Humans / Male / Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Molar / Radiography, Panoramic / Tooth Movement / Tooth, Impacted / Tooth, Unerupted / Treatment Outcome
T Inubushi, Eiji Tanaka, EB Rego, M Kitagawa, A Kawazoe, A Ohta, H Okada, JH Koolstra, M Miyauchi, T Takata and K. Tanne : Effects of Ultrasound on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Cementoblast Lineage Cells, Journal of Periodontology, Vol.79, No.10, 1984-1990, 2008.
(要約)
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) stimulation on the proliferation and differentiation of cementoblast lineage cells. Methods: An immortalized human periodontal ligament cell line (HPL) showing immature cementoblastic differentiation was used. Cultured HPL cells were subjected to LIPUS exposure (frequency = 1 MHz; pulsed 1:4; intensity = 30 mW/cm(2)) or sham exposure for 15 minutes per day. Expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (Col-I), runt-related gene 2 (Runx2), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN) mRNA were analyzed with real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Furthermore, ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and protein level of Runx2 were examined after 6 days of LIPUS exposure. Results: mRNA and protein levels of ALP, Col-I, and Runx2 were significantly increased by LIPUS exposure compared to controls, whereas BSP, OCN, and OPN mRNA expression could not be detected in HPL cells, irrespective of LIPUS exposure. Conclusion: LIPUS enhanced ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and Runx2 expression of HPL cells, which provides important insight into the promotion of early cementoblastic differentiation of immature cementoblasts.
Eiji Tanaka, N Hirose, JH Koolstra, TMGJ Eijden van, R Fujita, M Tanaka, Y Iwabuchi and Kazuo Tanne : Modeling of the effect of friction in the temporomandibular joint on displacement of its disc during prolonged clenching, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vol.66, No.3, 462-468, 2008.
(要約)
The effect of the frictional coefficient in the temporomandibular joint on the disc during prolonged clenching was examined. For this purpose, a finite element model of the temporomandibular joint based on magnetic resonance images from a volunteer subject was used. Muscle forces applied for clenching were used as a loading condition for stress analysis during 10 minutes. With respect to the frictional coefficient between articular surfaces, 3 different values ranging from micro = 0.001 to micro = 0.1 were established. At the onset of clenching, large stresses were found in the central and lateral part of the intermediate zone in the disc, and its stress distribution was not markedly changed during 10 minutes of clenching. In the retrodiscal tissue, stress relaxation occurred during the first 2 minutes of clenching. When the frictional coefficient between articular surfaces increased, the anterior, lateral, and central points in the disc moved further forward. At the end of 10 minutes of clenching, the disc showed a more anterior position as the frictional coefficient increased. This result indicates that increase of the frictional coefficient between the articular surfaces may be a major cause for the onset of the disc displacement.
N Kawai, Eiji Tanaka, GE Langenbach, T Wessel van, R Sano, TM Eijden van and K Tanne : Jaw-muscle activity changes after the induction of osteoarthrosis in the temporomandibular joint by mechanical loading, Journal of Orofacial Pain, Vol.22, No.2, 153-162, 2008.
(要約)
AIMS: To examine the effect of mechanical loading on the induction of temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis (TMJ OA). METHODS: Mechanical stress was applied to the rat TMJ by forced jaw opening of 3 hours a day for 5 days. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the masseter and digastric muscles was continuously monitored by radio-telemetry. It was characterized by the total time each muscle was active (duty time), the number of bursts, and the average burst length. For histologic analysis, rats were sacrificed before, immediately after, and 3 weeks after the period of forced jaw opening. RESULTS: The condylar cartilage revealed OA-like lesions with a decrease in the number of chondrocytes immediately after forced jaw opening. Three weeks later, the OA-like lesions were repaired to some extent. After the forced jaw opening, the duty time of the masseter increased, whereas the duty time of the digastric decreased significantly (P < .01) at the 5% activity level. Three weeks later, the masseter duty time had decreased and the digastric duty time had slightly increased, returning to the levels observed before forced jaw opening. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that mechanical overloading of the TMJ induced OA-like lesions with a simultaneous influence on jaw muscle activity, especially at the low activity level. This might imply that muscle activity adapted to reduce the effects of (forced) joint overloading.
M Ueki, N Tanaka, K Tanimoto, C Nishio, K Honda, YY Lin, Y Tanne, S Ohkuma, T Kamiya, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : The effect of mechanical loading on the metabolism of growth plate chondrocytes, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.36, No.5, 793-800, 2008.
(要約)
It is well known that mechanical loading influences the endochondral bone formation essential for the growth and development of longitudinal bones. The question was, however, asked whether the effect of mechanical loading on the chondrocyte metabolism is dependent on the loading frequency. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of tensile loadings with various frequencies on the proliferation of growth plate chondrocytes and extracellular matrix synthesis. The chondrocytes obtained from rib growth plate cartilage of 4-week-old male Wistar strain rats were cultured by day 4 and day 11 and used as proliferating and matrix-forming chondrocytes, respectively. Intermittent tensile stresses with different frequencies were applied to each stage chondrocyte. DNA syntheses were examined by measuring the incorporation of [(3)H]thymidine into the cells. Furthermore, the rates of collagen and proteoglycan syntheses were determined by measuring the incorporation of [2,3-(3)H]proline and [(35)S]sulfate into the cells, respectively. At the proliferating stage, intermittent tensions with the frequencies of 30 cycles/min and 150 cycles/min significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated the syntheses of DNA, which indicates the promotion of chondrocyte proliferation. At the matrix-forming stage, collagen, and proteoglycan syntheses also enhanced with increase of the loading frequency. In particular, the intermittent tension with the frequencies of 30 cycles/min and 150 cycles/min increased significantly (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) both the collagen and proteoglycan syntheses. These results suggest that the proliferation and differentiation of growth plate chondrocytes are regulated by the mechanical loading and that the chondrocyte metabolism enhanced with increase of loading frequency. These may give more insight into the possible mechanism leading to endochondral bone formation.
Y Tanne, K Tanimoto, N Tanaka, M Ueki, YY Lin, S Ohkuma, T Kamiya, Eiji Tanaka and K Tanne : Expression and activity of Runx2 mediated by hyaluronan during chondrocyte differentiation, Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.53, No.5, 478-487, 2008.
(要約)
During endochondral ossification, the production of hyaluronan (HA) is strictly and selectively regulated by chondrocytes, with a temporal peak at the hypertrophic stage. This study was conducted to clarify the effects of HA on expression and activity of runt-related gene 2 (Runx2), a potent transcription factor for chondrocyte differentiation in hypertrophic chondrocytes. Immature chondrocytes from an ATDC5 cell line were cultured and differentiated in DMEM/Ham's F12 with pre-defined supplements. Using real-time PCR, the gene expressions of type II collagen, MMP-13, HAS2, and Runx2 in cultured chondrocytes were analysed from days 0 to 18 of cell differentiation. The activity and expression of Runx2 in hypertrophic chondrocytes were analysed after the treatment with HA oligosaccharide (HAoligo) using AML-3/Runx2 binding, real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. The effects of pre-incubation of anti-CD44 antibody on Runx2 expression were also examined. Expression of type X collagen and Runx2 mRNAs reached a maximum at the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes. The activity and expression of Runx2 was significantly inhibited in hypertrophic chondrocytes treated with HAoligo compared to the untreated controls. High molecular weight-HA did not affect the expression or activity of Runx2. The expression of Runx2 mRNA was significantly decreased in hypertrophic chondrocytes treated with anti-CD44 antibody. These results suggest that HAoligo may affect the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes during the endochondral ossification by inhibiting the expression and activity of Runx2.
Eiji Tanaka, Y Iwabuchi, EB Rego, JH Koolstra, E Yamano, T Hasegawa, A Kawazoe, N Kawai and K Tanne : Dynamic shear behavior of mandibular condylar cartilage is dependent on testing direction, Journal of Biomechanics, Vol.41, No.5, 1119-1123, 2008.
(要約)
Little information is available on the direction-dependency of shear behavior in mandibular condylar cartilage. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that such a dependency of the dynamic shear properties is present in mandibular condylar cartilage. From each of 17 condyles, two cartilage-bone plugs were dissected and tested in a simple shear sandwich configuration under a compressive strain of 10%. Sinusoidal shear strain (frequency range: 0.01-10 Hz) was applied in the medio-lateral or antero-posterior direction with an amplitude of 1.0%, 2.0%, and 3.0%. The magnitudes of the dynamic shear moduli, as calculated from the resulting shear stress, were found to increase with applied frequency and the shear strain amplitude. The values |G*|, G' and G'' for a medio-laterally applied shear were about 20-33% of those in the antero-posterior shear, although the loss tangent (elasticity/viscosity ratio) was almost the same. In conclusion, the present results clearly show the direction-dependent characteristic of the mandibular condylar cartilage in dynamic shear.
Eiji Tanaka, MS Detamore and LG Mercuri : Degenerative disorders of the temporomandibular joint: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment, Journal of Dental Research, Vol.87, No.4, 296-307, 2008.
(要約)
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders have complex and sometimes controversial etiologies. Also, under similar circumstances, one person's TMJ may appear to deteriorate, while another's does not. However, once degenerative changes start in the TMJ, this pathology can be crippling, leading to a variety of morphological and functional deformities. Primarily, TMJ disorders have a non-inflammatory origin. The pathological process is characterized by deterioration and abrasion of articular cartilage and local thickening. These changes are accompanied by the superimposition of secondary inflammatory changes. Therefore, appreciating the pathophysiology of the TMJ degenerative disorders is important to an understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of internal derangement and osteoarthrosis of the TMJ. The degenerative changes in the TMJ are believed to result from dysfunctional remodeling, due to a decreased host-adaptive capacity of the articulating surfaces and/or functional overloading of the joint that exceeds the normal adaptive capacity. This paper reviews etiologies that involve biomechanical and biochemical factors associated with functional overloading of the joint and the clinical, radiographic, and biochemical findings important in the diagnosis of TMJ-osteoarthrosis. In addition, non-invasive and invasive modalities utilized in TMJ-osteoarthrosis management, and the possibility of tissue engineering, are discussed.
DA Dalla-Bona, Eiji Tanaka, T Inubushi, H Oka, A Ohta, H Okada, M Miyauchi, T Takata and K Tanne : Cementoblast response to low- and high-intensity ultrasound, Archives of Oral Biology, Vol.53, No.4, 318-323, 2008.
(要約)
It has been shown that ultrasound stimulation accelerates repair of orthodontically induced root resorption. However, the mechanism of such adaptive change is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pulsed ultrasound on the differentiation-potential and cementoblast-mediated osteoclastogenesis using a cementoblastic cell line. DESIGN: Cultured cementoblasts (murine cementoblastic cell line, OCCM-30) were subjected to ultrasound exposure (frequency = 1 MHz; pulsed 1:4; spatial average temporal average intensities=30 or 150 mW/cm(2)) or sham exposure for 15 min per day. Expression levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen (COL-I), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor small ka, CyrillicB ligand (RANKL) mRNAs were analysed by a real-time PCR analysis. Furthermore, ALP activity, collagen synthesis, and protein levels of OPG and RANKL were examined after 6-day ultrasound exposure. RESULTS: Real-time PCR analysis indicated that, irrespective of the intensity, single ultrasound exposure increased the expression of transcripts for COL-I and ALP after 24h; the expression of OPG and RANKL also increased after 1 and 4h, respectively. Cultured cementoblasts receiving ultrasound stimulation for 6 days showed a significant (p<0.05 or 0.01) increase in cell number and collagen synthesis. ALP activity and OPG synthesis were also significantly (p<0.05) upregulated by ultrasound stimulation with 150 mW/cm(2). CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrated that ultrasound stimulation especially with 150 mW/cm(2) might be a better candidate as a medical remedy to protect against root resorption and/or accelerate its repair.
Eiji Tanaka, B Emanuel Rego, Yasunori Iwabuchi, Toshihiro Inubushi, Harm Jan Koolstra, J Eijden Theo M G van, Nobuhiko Kawai, Yasusei Kudo, Takashi Takata and Kazuo Tanne : Biomechanical response of condylar cartilage-on-bone to dynamic shear., Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A, Vol.85, No.1, 127-132, 2008.
(要約)
Shear stress can result in fatigue, damage, and irreversible deformation of the mandibular condylar cartilage. However, little information is available on its dynamic properties in shear. We tested the hypothesis that the dynamic shear properties of the condylar cartilage depend on the frequency and amplitude of shear strain. Ten porcine mandibular condyles were used for dynamic shear tests. Two cartilage-bone plugs were dissected from each condyle and tested in a simple shear sandwich configuration under a compressive strain of 10%. Sinusoidal shear strain was applied with an amplitude of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0% and a frequency range between 0.01 and 10 Hz. The magnitudes of the shear dynamic moduli were found to be dependent on the frequency and the shear strain amplitude. They increased with shear strain. tan delta ranged from 0.2 to 0.4, which means that the cartilage is primarily elastic in nature and has a small but not negligible viscosity. In conclusion, the present results show that the shear behavior of the mandibular condylar cartilage is dependent on the frequency and amplitude of the applied shear strain. The observed shear characteristics suggest a significant role of shear strain on the interstitial fluid flow within the cartilage.
K Tanimoto, A Suzuki, Y Nakatani, T Yanagida, Y Tanne, Eiji Tanaka and Kazuo Tanne : A case of anterior open bite with severely narrowed maxillary dental arch and hypertrophic palatine tonsils, Journal of Orthodontics, Vol.35, No.1, 5-15, 2008.
(要約)
This case report describes an adolescent patient with an open bite and severely narrowed maxillary dentition and hypertrophic palatine tonsils, treated efficiently with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and subsequent orthodontic tooth alignment using fixed appliances. The treatment demonstrates that RME can be effective for the correction of a severely narrowed maxillary arch, as well as, in this case, the correction of an anterior open bite in an adolescent patient where no substantial vertical skeletal discrepancy existed.
(キーワード)
Adolescent / Cephalometry / Dental Arch / Female / Follow-Up Studies / Humans / Hypertrophy / Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Maxilla / Open Bite / Orthodontic Appliance Design / Palatal Expansion Technique / Palatine Tonsil / Patient Care Planning / Tooth Movement
Eiji Tanaka, A Nishi-Sasaki, T Hasegawa, C Nishio, N Kawai and Kazuo Tanne : Skeletal anchorage for orthodontic correction of severe maxillary protrusion after previous orthodontic treatment, The Angle Orthodontist, Vol.78, No.1, 181-188, 2008.
(要約)
The correction of a severe maxillary protrusion in an adult by distal movement of the maxillary molars has been one of the most difficult biomechanical problems in orthodontics. This article reports on the treatment of an adult case of severe maxillary protrusion and a large overjet treated with a skeletal anchorage system. A female patient, age 22 years and 3 months, complained of the difficulty of lip closure due to severe maxillary protrusion with a gummy smile. Overjet and overbite were +7.6 mm and -0.9 mm, respectively. She had a history of orthodontic treatment in which her maxillary first premolars were extracted. In order to conduct distal movement of the maxillary molars, anchor plates were placed in the zygomatic process. After achieving a Class I molar relationship, retraction and intrusion of the maxillary incisors were performed. After a 2-year treatment, an acceptable occlusion was achieved with a Class I molar relationship. Her convex facial profile with upper lip protrusion was considerably improved, and the lips showed less tension in lip closure. After a 2-year retention period, an acceptable occlusion was maintained without recurrence of maxillary protrusion, indicating a stability of the occlusion. The result of this treatment indicated that skeletal anchorage is of great importance as a remedy for achieving intrusion and retraction of the maxillary incisors in cases of severe maxillary protrusion with a patient who had previous orthodontic treatment.
Eiji Tanaka, MS Detamore, K Tanimoto and Nobuhiko Kawai : Lubrication of the temporomandibular joint, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.36, No.1, 14-29, 2008.
(要約)
Although tissue engineering of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures is in its infancy, tissue engineering provides the revolutionary possibility for treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). Recently, several reviews have provided a summary of knowledge of TMJ structure and function at the biochemical, cellular, or mechanical level for tissue engineering of mandibular cartilage, bone and the TMJ disc. As the TMJ enables large relative movements, joint lubrication can be considered of great importance for an understanding of the dynamics of the TMJ. The tribological characteristics of the TMJ are essential for reconstruction and tissue engineering of the joint. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of advances relevant to the tribological characteristics of the TMJ and to serve as a reference for future research in this field. This review consists of four parts. Part 1 is a brief review of the anatomy and function of the TMJ articular components. In Part 2, the biomechanical and biochemical factors associated with joint lubrication are described: the articular surface topology with microscopic surface roughness and the biomechanical loading during jaw movements. Part 3 includes lubrication theories and possible mechanisms for breakdown of joint lubrication. Finally, in Part 4, the requirement and possibility of tissue engineering for treatment of TMDs with degenerative changes as a future treatment regimen will be discussed in a tribological context.
Eiji Tanaka, YAO LIU, LINZE XIA, Naoko Ogasawara, Takuma Sakamaki, Fumiya Kano, Noboru Hashimoto, Xingmei Feng and Akihito Yamamoto : Effectiveness of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on osteoarthritis of the temporomandibular joint: A review., Annals of Biomedical Engineering, Vol.48, No.8, 2158-2170, Jun. 2020.
(要約)
Loading is indispensable for the growth, development, and maintenance of joint tissues, including mandibular condylar cartilage, but excessive loading or reduced host adaptive capacity can considerably damage the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), leading to temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). TMJ-OA, associated with other pathological conditions and aging processes, is a highly degenerative disease affecting the articular cartilage. Many treatment modalities for TMJ-OA have been developed. Traditional clinical treatment includes mainly nonsurgical options, such as occlusal splints. However, non-invasive therapy does not achieve joint tissue repair and regeneration. Growing evidence suggests that low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) accelerates bone fracture healing and regeneration, as well as having extraordinary effects in terms of soft tissue repair and regeneration. The latter have received much attention, and various studies have been performed to evaluate the potential role of LIPUS in tissue regeneration including that applied to articular cartilage. The present article provides an overview of the status of LIPUS stimulation used to prevent the onset and progression of TMJ-OA and enhance the tissue regeneration of mandibular condylar cartilage. The etiology and management of TMJ-OA are explained briefly, animal models of TMJ-OA are described, and the effectiveness of LIPUS on cell metabolism and tissue regeneration in the TMJ is discussed.
M. J. Lamela, Y. Prado, P. Fernández, A. Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : 1. Lamela MJ, Pelayo F, Ramos A, Fernandez-Canteli A, Tanaka E. (2014): Analysis of compressive properties of porcine temporomandibular joint disc., --- Proceedings of the Conference Materials Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture VII, July 1-3, 2013, Brno, Czech Republic (Key Engineering Materials Vol. 592-593: 354-357). ---, 2014.
6.
Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Risks and complications of miniscrew anchorage in clinical orthodontics, Japanese Dental Science Review, Vol.50, No.4, 79-85, Nov. 2014.
(要約)
SummaryMiniscrew anchorage has greatly expanded the limit of clinical orthodontics. Even without patient compliance, miniscrews can provide stationary anchorages for various tooth movements and even make it possible to move the tooth in directions which have been impossible with traditional orthodontic mechanics. On the other hand, the clinical use of miniscrew anchorage includes some risks. Screw fracture might be one of the most undesirable side effects in clinical use of miniscrew anchorage, which occurs in not only the placement but also the removal. A lot of factors are suggested to relate with screw failure, but screw-root proximity and the mandible are considered as two common factors. Damages of soft tissues are temporary in most cases, but damages of hard tissues are irreversible and should be avoided. We have to understand these risks and complications of miniscrew anchorage, and pay attention for their safety-conscious use.
Eiji Tanaka, H Yamada, M Higashino, S Suetake and S Abe : Influence of orthodontic treatment on changes in the maxillary sinus dimensions South Jordan, Utah, USA. (e-Poster), 10th Annual Roseman University Research Symposium, South Jordan, Utah, USA., Feb. 2024.
2.
Eiji Tanaka : Idiopathic Condylar Resorption Etiology, diagnosis, and orthodontic treatment, 16th Indonesian Association of Orthodontists Meeting, Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia., Sep. 2023.
3.
Kenichi Hamada, Yuta Matsuki, Hiroko Sato, 梶本 昇, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine and Eiji Tanaka : DEVELOPMENT OF SMART DENTAL CEMENT ELECTRICALLY DEBONDABLE ON-DEMAND: EFFECTS OF IMMERSION IN SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION, Biomaterials International 2023, Sapporo, Jul. 2023.
4.
Kenichi Hamada, Yuta Matsuki, Hiroko Sato, 梶本 昇, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of Immersion in NaCl Solutions on Shear Bond Strength and Electric Conductivity of a Dental Cement, The 7th International Symposium on Biomedical Engineering (ISBE2022), Nov. 2022.
5.
Kenichi Hamada, Yuta Matsuki, Hiroko Sato, 梶本 昇, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine and Eiji Tanaka : Shear bond strength change due to current application of resin-modified glass-ionomer-cement immersed in NaCl solutions, International Dental Materials Congress 2022, Nov. 2022.
6.
Kotaro Tanimoto, Masahiro Hiasa, Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Asuka Oda, Takeshi Harada, Yoshiki Higa, Kimiko Sogabe, Masahiro Oura, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoyo Hara, Itsuro Endo, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : Mechanical unloading promotes bone destruction and myeloma tumor expansion, Cancer and bone society young investigator symposium, Online, Feb. 2022.
7.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Takeshi Harada, Yusuke Inoue, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Sou Shimizu, Emiko Nakaue, Kotaro Tanimoto, Yoshiki Higa, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Tomoyo Hara, Ryohei Sumitani, Tomoko Maruhashi, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Targeting SLAMF7 to disrupt myeloma-osteoclast interaction: elotuzumabs ADCC activity with Th1-like gamma delta T cells towards osteoclasts and myeloma cells., Cancer and bone society young investigator symposium, Feb. 2022.
8.
Eiji Tanaka : Introduction of accelerated orthodontic tooth movement by a low-intensity pulsed ultrasound exposure, First National Symposium of Mongolian Dentistry, Ulanbaator, Mongolia. (Webinar meeting), Dec. 2021.
9.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, FORSILA 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. (Webinar meeting), Aug. 2021.
10.
Kenichi Hamada, Hiroko Sato, Noboru Kajimoto, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine and Eiji Tanaka : Change of electric and mechanical properties of ionic-liquid containing ``smart'' resin-modified glass-ionomer-cement with water immersion, Thermec' 2021, Wien, Jun. 2021.
11.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Takeshi Harada, 井上 雄介, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, 小田 明日香, Kotaro Tanimoto, Sou Shimizu, Yoshiki Higa, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Tomoyo Hara, Tomoko Maruhashi, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : The anti-SLAMF7 elotuzumab enhances ADCC activity with Th1-like γδT cells towards osteoclasts and myeloma cells., The European Calcified Tissue Society 2021 Digital Congress 2021, web, Mar. 2021.
12.
Kenichi Hamada, Hiroko Sato, Noboru Kajimoto, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine and Eiji Tanaka : Water immersion effects on bonding strength of dental cement containing ionic-liquid, 11th World Biomaterials Congress, Glasgow, Dec. 2020.
13.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Takeshi Harada, Eiji Tanaka, Kotaro Tanimoto, Sou Shimizu, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Masahiro Abe, Toshio Matsumoto and Itsuro Endo : The novel therapeutic approaches with TAK1 inhibition against the aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation in rheumatoid arthritis, ECTS 2020 Digital Congress, Oct. 2020.
14.
Yuta Matsuki, Hiroko Sato, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine, Eiji Tanaka and Kenichi Hamada : Electrolytic solution immersion effects on novel glass ionomer cement -Change of electric conductivity and shear bonding reduction after current application-, 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
15.
Akihiko Iwasa, Naoko Ogasawara, Mohannad Ashtar, Masaki Sawada, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : An orthodontic treatment using the miniscrew for a patient with aromatase inhibitor-induced bone density reduction., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
16.
Toyoaki Takagi, Sou Shimizu and Eiji Tanaka : Mandibular deviation and unilateral posterior crossbite treated with minicrew-assisted radid palatal expander., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
17.
Kotaro Tanimoto, Masahiro Hiasa, Hirofumi Tenshin, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Immobilization accelerates bone loss and myeloma tumor expansion., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
18.
Mohannad Ashtar, Hirofumi Tenshin, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : The effects of Febuxostat on RANKL-induced bone resorption., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
19.
Kaoru Yoshinaga, Akihiro Yasue, Seiichi Oyadomari and Eiji Tanaka : In vivo elucidation of the effect on the number of teeth caused by double mutant of WNT10A and WNT10B., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
20.
Hiroko Sato, Yuta Matsuki, Noboru Kajimoto, Emi Takegawa, Shinya Horiuchi, Kazumitsu Sekine, Eiji Tanaka and Kenichi Hamada : Water immersion effects on novel glass ionomer cement containing ionic liquid Changes of electric effects on novel glass ionomer cement containing ionic liquid-., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
21.
Keiichiro Watanabe, B Mitchell, Y Hirai, D-G Kim, T Deguchi and Eiji Tanaka : Mechanical characteristic of a novel thread shape of miniscrew., 9th IOC, Yokohama, Oct. 2020.
22.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Asuka Oda, Ashtar Mohannad, Kotaro Tanimoto, Soh Shimizu, Takeshi Harada, Masahiro Oura, Kimiko Sogabe, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : The role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in joint inflammation and destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: novel therapeutic approaches with TAK1 inhibition., 29th Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Oct. 2019.
23.
Susumu Abe, Hiroki Mori, Eiji Tanaka, Tachibana Naoko, Murakami Ayu, Kazuo Okura, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Toshinori Okawa and Fumiaki Kawano : Craniofacial morphology in OSA patients treated by oral appliance with and without sufficient effects, 2019 World Sleep Congress, Sep. 2019.
24.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Asuka Oda, Ashtar Mohannad, Kotaro Tanimoto, Masami Iwasa, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Takeshi Harada, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : TAK1 inhibition effectively alleviates joint inflammation as well as bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: Suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and osteoclastic bone resorption, American Society for Bone and Mineral Society Annual meeting 2019, Orlando, Florida, USA,, Sep. 2019.
25.
Jumpei Teramachi, Soh Shimizu, Hirofumi Tenshin, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Masahiro Hiasa, Kotaro Tanimoto, Oda Asuka, Takeshi Harada, Mohannad Ashtar, Kotaro Tanimoto, Itsuro Endo, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : A progressive auto-amplification loop in TAK1 expression and activation in MM cells., ASBMR 2019,, Orlando, Florida, USA., Sep. 2019.
26.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Oda Asuka, Ashtar Mohannad, Kotaro Tanimoto, Masami Iwasa, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Takeshi Harada, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : TAK1 inhibition effectively alleviates joint inflammation as well as bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: Suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation and osteoclastic bone resorption., ASBMR 2019,, Orlando, Florida, USA., Sep. 2019.
27.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to the establishment of aesthetic smile by use of temporary anchorage devices., 7th Meeting of Mongolian Association of Orthdontists, Special presentation,, Tereji, Mongolia., Aug. 2019.
28.
Susumu Abe, Hiroki Mori, Eiji Tanaka, N Tachibana, A Murakami, Kazuo Okura, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Toshinori Okawa and Fumiaki Kawano : Craniofacial morphology in OSA patients treated by oral appliance with and without sufficient effects., World Sleep 2019, Vancouver, Jun. 2019.
29.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Effective suppression of inflammasome-mediated joints destruction by TAK1 inhibition, 第97回IADR学術大会, Vancouver, Jun. 2019.
30.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Izawa : Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Regulates the Palatal Wound Healing via M1/M2 Macrophage Reprogramming., Association of Orthodontists (Singapore) Congress,, Singapore, Feb. 2019.
31.
Mohannad Ashtar, Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Kotaro Tanimoto, Oda Asuka, Iwasa Masami, Takeshi Harada, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Kimiko Sogabe, Masahiro Oura, Shiroh Fujii, Kumiko Kagawa, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Toshio Matsumoto, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Peri-implantitis and the role of Febuxostat in osteoclast differentiation., AEEDC Dubai World Orthodontic Conference, Dubai, UAE, Feb. 2019.
32.
Eiji Tanaka : Treatment of severe maxillary hypoplasia with combined orthodontics and distraction osteogenesis, AEEDC Dubai World Orthodontic Conference, Special presentation,, Dubai, UAE., Feb. 2019.
33.
Eiji Tanaka : Surgical-orthodontic treatment for jaw deformities-Its indications, aims, treatment goal and procedures., AEEDC Dubai World Orthodontic Conference, Special presentation,, Dubai, UAE., Feb. 2019.
34.
Eiji Tanaka : Integrated Orthodontic Treatment by use of Temporary Anchorage Devices-from the consultation to treatment planning., Dubai World Dental Meeting Pre-conference course,, Dubai, UAE., Feb. 2019.
35.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Izawa : Fas/S1P1 crosstalk via NF-kB activation in osteoclasts controls subchondral bone remodeling in murine TMJ arthritis, American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 2018 Annual Meeting, 132, Montreal, Sep. 2018.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Oda Asuka, Ashtar Mohannad, Kotaro Tanimoto, Iwasa Masami, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Takeshi Harada, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Opposite effects of TRAIL on the Sp-1-c-FLIP survival pathway in myeloma cells and osteoclasts., ASBMR 2018 Annual Meeting, Montreal, Sep. 2018.
37.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to progressive condylar resorption of temporomandibular joint., 6th Meeting of Mongolian Association of Orthdontists,, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Sep. 2018.
38.
Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir, Takashi Izawa, Hiroki Mori, Akihiko Iwasa, Islamy Rahma Hutami and Eiji Tanaka : The role of p21 on the development of TMJ-OA, 6th Meeting of Mongolian Association of Orthdontists,, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Sep. 2018.
(キーワード)
TMJ-OA / 細胞周期 (cell cycle)
39.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Hiroki Mori, Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir, Akiko Mino, Akihiko Iwasa, Eiji Tanaka and Takashi Izawa : HIF-1alpha regulates the palatal wound healing through M1/M2 macrophage reprogramming, 96th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR, 214, London, Jul. 2018.
(キーワード)
創傷治癒 / 低酸素応答遺伝子
40.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, Toshio Matsumoto, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Apoptosis inducer TRAIL stimulates osteoclast differentiation and survival via TAK1 activation., 1st International Conference of Biophysical Technology in Dentistry (+10th International Scientific Meeting in Dentistry),, Makassar, Indonesia., Apr. 2018.
41.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to progressive condylar resorption of the temporomandibular joint., 1st International Conference of Biophysical Technology in Dentistry (+10th International Scientific Meeting in Dentistry),, Makassar, Indonesia., Apr. 2018.
42.
Takashi Izawa, Rieko Arakaki, Eiji Tanaka and Naozumi Ishimaru : Crosstalk between cytokine RANKL and AhR signaling in osteoclasts controls bone homeostasis, Gordon Research Conference; "Bones and Teeth" From Skeletal and Dental Stem Cells to Rare Bone Disease and Integrative Physiology, Houston, Jan. 2018.
(キーワード)
破骨細胞 (osteoclast) / RANKL (RANKL)
43.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, Toshio Matsumoto, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : Apoptosis inducer TRAIL stimulates osteoclast differentiation and survival via TAK1 activation., The 4th ASEAN plus Tokushima Joint International Conference, Bali, Indonesia, Dec. 2017.
44.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to progressive condylar resorption in the temporomandibular joint., Special lecture in the orthodontic meeting in Nantong University, Nantong, China., Nov. 2017.
45.
Eiji Tanaka : Diagnosis and tearment of malocclusion., General lecture in Nantong University, Nantong, China., Nov. 2017.
46.
Takashi Izawa, Eiji Tanaka and Naozumi Ishimaru : The nuclear receptor AhR controls bone homeostasis by regulating osteoclast differentiation via the RANK/c-Fos signaling axis, ASBMR 2017 Annual Meeting, Denver, Sep. 2017.
47.
Eiji Tanaka : Diagnosis and tearment of malocclusion, General lecture in UNISSULA, Semarang, Indonesia., Aug. 2017.
48.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, A Oda, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, A Baterdene, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Itsuro Endo, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Osteoclasts utilize TRAIL for their NF-B activation, but TAK1 inhibition resumes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in osteoclasts., Australian and New Zealand Bone and Mineral Society 2017, Brisbane, Australia., Jun. 2017.
49.
Eiji Tanaka : Surgical-orthodontic diagnosis and treatment -Its indications, aims, treatment goal and procedures, Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China., May 2017.
50.
Eiji Tanaka : Introduction of accelerated orthodontic tooth movement by a low-intensity pulsed ultrasound exposure., 2017 Annual Session of the American Association of Orthodontists,, San Diego, Apr. 2017.
51.
Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Oda Asuka, Bat-Erdene Ariunzaya, Jumpei Teramachi, Hirofumi Tenshin, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Kumiko Kagawa, Shiroh Fujii, Toshio Matsumoto, Eiji Tanaka and Masahiro Abe : Osteoblast Creates a Non-permissive Niche for Myeloma Cells, 95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR program book, San Francisco, Mar. 2017.
52.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, Toshio Matsumoto, Masahiro Abe and Eiji Tanaka : TRAIL Stimulates Osteoclast Differentiation and Survival via TAK1 Activation., 95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR program book, San Francisco, Mar. 2017.
53.
Islamy Rahma Hutami, Takashi Izawa, Hiroki Mori, Takehiro Shinohara, Akiko Mino, Akihiko Iwasa and Eiji Tanaka : Fas/S1P1 signaling controls temporomandibular joint subchondral bone remodeling in autoimmune-arthritis., 95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR program book, 243, San Francisco, Mar. 2017.
54.
Minami Sato, Mutsumi Fujita, Akihiko Iwasa, Hiroki Mori, Akiko Mino, Natsuko Hichijo, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : Effect of Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on ATDC5 Cells Under Inflammation, 95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR program book, San Francisco, Mar. 2017.
55.
Hiroki Mori, Takashi Izawa, Takehiro Shinohara, Akiko Mino, Minami Sato, Natsuko Hichijo, Akihiko Iwasa, Islamy Rahma Hutami and Eiji Tanaka : Effect of Rebamipide administration on TMJ-OA model mouse., 95th General Session & Exhibition of the IADR program book, 207, San Francisco, Mar. 2017.
56.
Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Daishi Arai, Seiichi Oyadomari, Keita Sato, Junji Inoue, Seiichi Oyadomari and Eiji Tanaka : In vivo DNA deletion assay of MSX1 gene in mice using CRISPR/Cas system, JOINT MEETING of the German and Japanese Societies of Developmental Biologists, Kiel, Germany, Mar. 2017.
57.
Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Daishi Arai, Seiichi Oyadomari and Eiji Tanaka : In vivo DNA deleiton assay of Msx1 gene in mice using CRISPR/Cas system, Joint Meeting of the German and Japanese Societies of Developmental Biologists, Kiel, Germany, Mar. 2017.
58.
Eiji Tanaka : Integrated orthodontic treatment by use of temporary anchorage devices., Seminar in Sri Hasanamba Dental College & Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India., Feb. 2017.
59.
Eiji Tanaka : Temporomandibular Joint disorders. Its Aetiology, Diagnosis and Orthodontic Approach., Seminar in Sri Hasanamba Dental College & Hospital, Hassan, Karnataka, India., Feb. 2017.
60.
Eiji Tanaka : Surgical-orthodontic diagnosis and treatment -Its indications, aims, treatment goal and procedures-, Indian Dental Association, Hassan, Karnataka, India., Feb. 2017.
61.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to temporomandibular disorder, Bali Dental Science and Exhibition (Dence), Denpasar, Indonesia., Sep. 2016.
62.
Eva Barrientos, Fernández Pelayo, Eiji Tanaka, Jesús María Lamela-Rey, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and JC Vicente : Viscoelastic characterization and numerical simulation of the whole TMJ disc for static and dynamic loadings., TMJ Bioengineering Conference, Barcelona, Sep. 2016.
(要約)
4.Barrientos E, Pelayo F, Tanaka E, Lamela MJ, Canteli A, de Vicente JC.
63.
M Iwata, 黒田 優子, K Matsumoto, T Shinohara and Eiji Tanaka : Five-year prognosis of a patient with malocclusion who underwent comprehensive treatment for severe periodontitis., 102nd Annual Meeting of American Academy of Periodontology, San Diego, Sep. 2016.
64.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, A Oda, Ryota Amachi, Bingzi Dong, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, Ryota Amachi, S Nakamura, H Miki, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Osteoclasts utilize an apoptosis-inducer TRAIL as a stimulator for osteoclastogenesis Critical roles of the TAK-1-Pim-2 signaling induced by RANK ligand and TRAIL., ANZBMS 2016 Annual Meeting, Gold Coast, Aug. 2016.
65.
Eiji Tanaka : Integrated orthodontic treatment by use of temporary anchorage devices., Lecture in Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, China., Jul. 2016.
66.
Hiroki Mori, Takashi Izawa and Eiji Tanaka : Role of Rho-GTP/S1P/Smad3 Signaling on the Pathogenesis of TMJ-OA., International Association for Dental Research General Session, Seoul, Jun. 2016.
67.
Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue, Kiyoshi Masuda, Takuya Naruto, Seiichi Oyadomari, Sumihare Noji, Issei Imoto and Eiji Tanaka : Conserved C-terminal domain of MSX1 is essential for tooth development, 12th Tooth Morphogenesis and Differentiation conference, Porvoo, Finland, Jun. 2016.
68.
Akihiro Yasue, Takuya Naruto, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Tomohiro Komoto, Issei Imoto and Eiji Tanaka : Detection of small deletion in PAX9 gene in a Japanese family with oligodontia by combined targeted resequencing and quantitative PCR analysis, 12th Tooth Morphogenesis and Differentiation conference, Porvoo, Finland, Jun. 2016.
69.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to the establishment of aesthetic smile by use of temporary anchorage devices, Dream2016, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, May 2016.
70.
MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA, Minami Sato and Eiji Tanaka : Combined therapeutic effects of parathyroid hormone and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound enhance bone fracture healing in osteoporotic rats, 2016 AADR/CADR Annual Meeting & Exhibition, Los Angels, CA, USA, Mar. 2016.
71.
Minami Sato, MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA and Eiji Tanaka : Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound rescues insufficient salivary secretion in Sjogren syndrome, 2016 AADR/CADR Annual Meeting & Exhibition, Los Angels, CA, USA, Mar. 2016.
72.
Hirofumi Tenshin, Jumpei Teramachi, A Oda, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, S Nakamura, H Miki, I Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : TRAIL is not a proapoptotic but rather anti-apoptotic mediator for osteoclasts to stimulate their differentiation and survival, ASBMR 2015 Annual Meeting, Seattle, Oct. 2015.
73.
Hiroki Mori, Takashi Izawa and Eiji Tanaka : Smad3 deficiency leads to mandibular condyle degeneration via the Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P)/ S1P3 signaling axis, ASBMR 2015 Annual Meeting, 143, Seattle, Oct. 2015.
74.
Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Jumpei Teramachi, Asuka Oda, Hirofumi Tenshin, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Kumiko Kagawa, Shiroh Fujii, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Up-regulation of the pH sensor TRPV1 in myeloma cells and their adaption to an acidic microenvironment, ASBMR 2015 Annual Meeting, Seattle, Oct. 2015.
75.
Takeshi Kondo, Itsuro Endo, Ken-ichi Aihara, nishi Oh Yukiyo, Bingzi Dong, Kiyoe Kurahashi, Sumiko Yoshida, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, Jumpei Teramachi, Masahiro Abe, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, as a marker for systemic atherosclerosis, ANZBMS 2015 Annual Meeting, Hobart, Sep. 2015.
76.
Eiji Tanaka : Surgical-orthodontic diagnosis and treatment-Its indications, aims, treatment goal and procedures-, Ulanbaatar, Mongolia, Jul. 2015.
77.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to patients with TMJ-internal derangement, FORSILA II 2015, Semarang, Indonesia, May 2015.
78.
A Nakajima, R Sano, Y Suzuki, Y Ito, Eiji Tanaka, M Maeno, K Iwata, N Shimizu and CF Shuler : Functional role of TGF- receptors during palatal fusion in vitro, 93rd IADR, Vol.59, No.11, 1192-1204, Boston, Mar. 2015.
Natsuko Hichijo, Nobuhiko Kawai, LJ Ruijven van, GEJ Langenbach and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of decreased occlusal loading on the mandibular bone characteristics, 93rd IADR, Boston, Mar. 2015.
80.
Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Mutation affecting the C-terminal of MSX1 causes non-syndromic tooth agenesis, 93rd IADR, Boston, Mar. 2015.
81.
Hiroki Mori, Takashi Izawa and Eiji Tanaka : Role of Smad3 and lysophospholipid receptor S1P3 signaling in the pathogenesis of TMJ-OA, The 3rd ASEAN Plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Makassar, Indonesia., Dec. 2014.
82.
Minami Sato, Kumiko Nagata, Shingo Kuroda, MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA, Shinya Horiuchi, Yoshiko Yamamura, Masayuki Azuma and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on salivary gland, The 3rd ASEAN Plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Makassar, Indonesia., Dec. 2014.
83.
Natsuko Hichijo, Eiji Tanaka, Nobuhiko Kawai, ODO BAYARSAIKHAN, LJ Ruijven van and GEJ Langenbach : Effects of decreased occlusal loading on the mandibular bone characteristics, The 3rd ASEAN Plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Makassar, Indonesia., Dec. 2014.
84.
Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Akihiro Yasue, K Matsuda, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shinya Horiuchi, Issei Imoto and Eiji Tanaka : Sequence analysis and in vitro study of novel mutations identified in patients with tooth agenesis, The 3rd ASEAN Plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Makassar, Indonesia., Dec. 2014.
85.
MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA, Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : Combined effects therapy of recombinant parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-34) and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on osteoporotic bone fracture healing in rats, The 3rd ASEAN Plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Makassar, Indonesia., Dec. 2014.
86.
Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, Teppei Watanabe, T Sakuma, Seiichi Oyadomari, T Yamamoto, Sumihare Noji, Taro Mito and Eiji Tanaka : Highly efficient targeted mutagenesis in one-cell mouse embryos mediated by TALEN and CRISPR/Cas systems, X meeting for Spanish Society for Developmental Biology (SEBD), Madrid, Oct. 2014.
87.
Nobuhiko Kawai, Katsuya Hirasaka, Chieko Shiota, Takeshi Nikawa and Eiji Tanaka : Effectiveness Of Myostatin Knockdown On Jaw Muscle Activity, 2014 IADR/PER Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia., Sep. 2014.
88.
Hiroyo Mori, Nobuhiko Kawai, ODO BAYARSAIKHAN, Natsuko Hichijo, Nao Kinouchi and Eiji Tanaka : The inhibition of skeletal muscle atrophy with anti-ubiquitination oligopeptide, 2014 IADR/PER Congress, Dubrovnik, Croatia., Sep. 2014.
89.
MANSJUR KARIMA QURNIA, Shingo Kuroda and Eiji Tanaka : 2.Mansjur KQ, Kuroda S, Tanaka EThe effectiveness of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on the fracture healing of osteoporotic bones, 8th International Dental Scientific Meeting, Makassar, Indonesia, Jun. 2014.
90.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to the establishment of aesthetic smile using temporary anchorage devices, 8th International Dental Scientific Meeting, Jun. 2014.
91.
Akihiko Iwasa, Rieko Arakaki, Akiko Yamada, Eiji Tanaka, Yasusei Kudo and Naozumi Ishimaru : Pathologenesis of Sjogren's syndrome through Aromatase and adipose tissue., International Congress on Autoimmunity, Niece, Mar. 2014.
92.
Akihiro Yasue, Silvia Naomi Mitsui Akagi, H Watanabe, T Sakuma, Seiichi Oyadomari, T Yamamoto, Sumihare Noji, Taro Mito and Eiji Tanaka : A high efficient gene targeting in one-cell mouse embryos mediated by TALEN and CRISPR/Cas system., International Symposium on RNAi and Genome Editing Methods, Tokushima, Mar. 2014.
93.
Eiji Tanaka : Mechanism of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis: Aetiology, Diagnosis and Orthodontic Approach, 3rd Dental Technology Exhibition and Meeting, Batu, Malang, Indonesia, Feb. 2014.
94.
Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Abe, Masahiro Hiasa, Keiichiro Watanabe, S Fujii, T Harada, H Miki, S Nakamura, I Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : Acidic conditions epigenetically repress the TRAIL receptor DR4 in myeloma cells to confer their resistance to TRAIL, ASBMR 2013 Annual Meeting,, Baltimore, Oct. 2013.
95.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, H Mori, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, T Harada, S Fujii, S Nakamura, H Miki, K Kagawa, I Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : Potent induction of bone formation in myeloma bone lesions by the cathepsin K inhibitor KK1-300-01 in combination with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, ASBMR 2013 Annual Meeting,, Baltimore, Oct. 2013.
96.
Shingo Kuroda, C Nishio, RM Wazen, JDS Neves, Eiji Tanaka, A Nanci and P Moffatt : Expression of the osteoblast membrane protein Bril in tooth and periodontal tissues during development and following tooth movement, The 65th Annual Scientific Session of Canadian Orthodontic Association (CAO), Alberta, Canada., Sep. 2013.
97.
Jesús María Lamela, Fernández Pelayo, Alberto Ramos, Alfonso Fernández-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Analysis of compressive properties of porcine temporomandibular joint disc., Materials Structure & Micromechanics of Fracture VII, July 1-3, 2013, Brno, Czech Republic., Brno, Jul. 2013.
98.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to acquired open bite involved in. TMJ osteoarthritis., TMJ Workshop: Advances in the Study of Temporomandibular Joint Pathology, Dr. Llorente Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,, Oviedo, Spain., Jun. 2013.
99.
Eiji Tanaka : Basic concept in the etiology and diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders, TMJ Workshop: Advances in the Study of Temporomandibular Joint Pathology, Dr. Llorente Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,, Oviedo, Spain., Jun. 2013.
100.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to TMJ-osteoarthritis with jaw deformity, FORSILA KG 2013, Semarang, Indonesia., May 2013.
101.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, T Harada, Shiroh Fujii, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Kumiko Kagawa, H Mori, Itsuro Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : Induction of bone formation in myeloma osteolytic lesions by cathepsinK inhibition, Kyoto, Apr. 2013.
102.
Ryota Amachi, Keiichiro Watanabe, Shiroh Fujii, T Harada, Hirokazu Miki, Shingen Nakamura, A Oda, Masahiro Hiasa, Eiji Tanaka, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : An acidic milieu suppersses histone acetylation in myeloma cells to down-regulate the TRAIL receptor DR4 expression., Kyoto, Apr. 2013.
103.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to temporomandibular disorders: Long-term follow-up, 10th National Congress of Indonesian Dental Association & 4th Makassar Scientific Meeting, Special Lecture, Makassar Grand Clarion Hotel & Convention Makassar, Indonesia., Mar. 2013.
104.
Naoko Yoneda, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : 6.Yoneda N, Yasue A, Tanaka E. Effects of Smad3 gene inhibition on scar formation, ASEAN plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Yogjakarta, Indonesia, Dec. 2012.
105.
Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Abe, Ryota Amachi, Keiichiro Watanabe, S Fujii, T Harada, H Miki, S Nakamura, A Oda, Masahiro Hiasa, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : An acidic milieu suppresses DR4 editing to cause myeloma resistance to TRAIL, ASEAN plus and Tokushima Joint International Conference, Yogjakarta, Indonesia, Dec. 2012.
106.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, T Harada, S Fujii, S Nakamura, H Miki, K Kagawa, H Mori, I Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : Restoration of bone formation in myeloma osteolytic lesions by the cathepsin K inhibitor KK1-300-01, 34th ASBMR meeting, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Oct. 2012.
107.
P Fernandez, MJ Lamela, A Ramos, A Fernandez-Canteli and Eiji Tanaka : Viscoelastic dynamic characterization of the porcine temporomandibular joint disc under compression, 3rd TMJ Bioengineering Conference, Pittsberg, PA, USA., Sep. 2012.
108.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Hiroyo Mori, Ryota Amachi, Masahiro Hiasa, T Harada, S Fujii, S Nakamura, H Miki, K Kagawa, I Endo, Eiji Tanaka and Toshio Matsumoto : The cathepsin K inhibitor KK1-300-01 prevents bone destruction and resumes bone formation in myeloma osteolytic lesions, Australian & New Zealand Bone & Mineral Society 22th Annual Scientific Meeting with 1st Asia-Pacific Bone and Mineral Research meeting, Perth, Australia., Sep. 2012.
109.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to temporomandibular disorders: Long-term stability, Orthodontic Seminar in Mongolia, August 1, 2012, Ulan Bator, Mongolia., Aug. 2012.
110.
MJ Lamela, P Fernandez, D Dorantes, A Ramos, Eiji Tanaka, A Arguelles and A Fernandez-Canteli : Experimental biomechanical characterization and numerical analysis of the temporomandibular joint, 15th International Conference on Experimental Mechanics, Porto, Portugal, Jul. 2012.
111.
Kazuma Matsumoto, Naozumi Ishimaru, Takashi Izawa, Masahiro Hiasa, Yoshio Hayashi and Eiji Tanaka : Hyperfunctions of osteoclasts in a rheumatoid arthritis model, ASBMR 2011 Annual Meeting, San Diego, Sep. 2011.
112.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, M Kawatani, Masahiro Hiasa, A Kawano, T Jinno, T Harada, Shiroh Fujii, Shingen Nakamura, Hirokazu Miki, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Shuji Ozaki, Eiji Tanaka, H Osada and Toshio Matsumoto : Aggravation of myeloma growth and drug resistance by an acidic created in myeloma-osteoclast interaction., ASBMR 2011 Annual Meeting, San Diego, Sep. 2011.
113.
Masahiro Hiasa, nakano ayako, Keiichiro Watanabe, C Qu, T Harada, Shiroh Fujii, Hirokazu Miki, Shingen Nakamura, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Eiji Tanaka, Kenzo Asaoka, Shuji Ozaki, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Prevention of tumor growth and bone destruction in myeloma by Pim kinase inhibition., ASBMR 2011 Annual Meeting, San Diego, Sep. 2011.
114.
Masahiro Hiasa, nakano ayako, Keiichiro Watanabe, C Qu, T Harada, Shiroh Fujii, Hirokazu Miki, Shingen Nakamura, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Eiji Tanaka, Kenzo Asaoka, Shuji Ozaki, Toshio Matsumoto and Masahiro Abe : Dual effects of Pim inhibition on myeloma: induction of bone formation and tumor suppression., IOF-ANZBMS 2011 Annual Meeting, Gold Coast, Sep. 2011.
115.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic approach to TMJ osteoarthritis with jaw deformity, International Symposium for Temporomandibular Disorder, Saoul, Korea., Sep. 2011.
116.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic treatment for the acquired open bite associated osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint, 2011 Taiwan Orthodontic Society Annaul Sections, Taipei, Taiwan., Aug. 2011.
117.
Akihiro Yasue, Naoko Yoneda, Teppei Watanabe and Eiji Tanaka : Application of SIS3, a prospective drug, for wound repair acceleration, 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
118.
Shingo Kuroda, Rima Wazen, Karen Sellin, Eiji Tanaka, Pierre Moffatt and Antonio Nanci : Full-length ameloblastin is not implicated in bone remodeling and repair., 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
119.
A Nakajima, Y Ito, Eiji Tanaka, K Iwata, M Maeno, N Shimizu and C Shuler : The functional role of TβR-II and IIIduring palatal fusion., 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
120.
Shinya Horiuchi, Kenzo Asaoka, Shinji Fujihara, Akihiro Yasue and Eiji Tanaka : Development of zinc-releasing apatite cement modified by zinc calcium phosphoate, 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
121.
Yuko Tomita, Shingo Kuroda, Tomoko Kataura, Shinji Fujihara and Eiji Tanaka : Alveolar cleft severity in UCLP infants affects following maxillofacial growth, 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
122.
Shinji Fujihara, Tomoko Kataura, Tatsuya Nakamura, Kumiko Nagata, Shinya Horiuchi and Eiji Tanaka : The effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on maxillofacial bone healing, 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
123.
Tatsuya Nakamura, Shinji Fujihara and Eiji Tanaka : Effects of LIPUS on Synovial Membrane under Inflammatory Condition, 89th IADR, San Diego, Mar. 2011.
124.
Kazuma Matsumoto, Naozumi Ishimaru, Yoshio Hayashi and Eiji Tanaka : Analysis of osteoclast activation in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, International Joint Symposium: The University of Tokushima, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Niigata University, Denpasar, Bali, Dec. 2010.
125.
Kazuna Takahara, R Murahashi, K Mori, Seiichi Oyadomari and Eiji Tanaka : ATF6 links endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to intestinal inflammation in mice., International Joint Symposium: The University of Tokushima, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Niigata University, Denpasar, Bali, Dec. 2010.
126.
Kyoko Ishimoto, Takeo Iwata, Katsuhiko Yoshimoto and Eiji Tanaka : Functional analysis of a novel adipokine, D-dopachrome tautomerase, in preadipocytes., International Joint Symposium: The University of Tokushima, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Niigata University, Denpasar, Bali, Dec. 2010.
127.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Cui Qu, Kawatani Makoto, Masahiro Hiasa, Nakano Ayako, Jinno Tadashi, Harada Takeshi, Shiroh Fujii, Shingen Nakamura, Miki Hirokazu, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Shuji Ozaki, Eiji Tanaka, Osada Hiroyuki and Toshio Matsumoto : An Acidic Mileu Created In Myeloma-Osteoclast Interaction Enhances Tumor Growth, but Triggers Anti-Myeloma Activity of Reveromycin A, a Novel Anti-Resorptive Agent, 52th American Society of Hematology, Orlando, Dec. 2010.
128.
Eiji Tanaka : Orthodontic treatment for the acquired open bite associated osteoarthritis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), Dentisphere (Dentistry Update and Scientific Atmosphere), Surabaya, Indonesia., Oct. 2010.
129.
Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Cui Qu, Kawatani Makoto, Masahiro Hiasa, Nakano Ayako, Jinno Tadashi, Harada Takeshi, Shiroh Fujii, Shingen Nakamura, Miki Hirokazu, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Shuji Ozaki, Eiji Tanaka, Osada Hiroyuki and Toshio Matsumoto : A Novel Anti-resorptive Agent, Reveromycin A, Ameliorates Bone Destruction and Tumor Growth in Myeloma, ASBMR 2010 Annual Meeting, Toronto, Oct. 2010.
130.
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Keiichiro Watanabe, Masahiro Abe, Cui Qu, Kawatani Makoto, Masahiro Hiasa, Nakano Ayako, Jinno Tadashi, Harada Takeshi, Shiroh Fujii, Shingen Nakamura, Miki Hirokazu, Kumiko Kagawa, Kyoko Takeuchi, Shuji Ozaki, Eiji Tanaka, Osada Hiroyuki and Toshio Matsumoto : The novel anti-resorptive agent reveromycin A ameliorates bone destruction and tumor growth in myeloma, 10th International Conference Cancer-induced Bone Disease, Sheffield (United Kingdom), Sep. 2010.
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