Minoru Matsumoto, Rodrigues M. Pedro, Sousa Laura, Koichi Tsuneyama, Mitsuru Matsumoto and Alves L. Nuno : The Ins and Outs of Thymic Epithelial Cell Differentiation and Function, Springer, Apr. 2019.
Minoru Matsumoto, Hideyuki Yoshida, Koichi Tsuneyama, Takeshi Oya and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Revisiting Aire and tissue-restricted antigens at single-cell resolution, Frontiers in Immunology, Vol.14, 1176450, 2023.
(要約)
The thymus is a highly specialized organ that plays an indispensable role in the establishment of self-tolerance, a process characterized by the "education" of developing T-cells. To provide competent T-cells tolerant to self-antigens, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) orchestrate negative selection by ectopically expressing a wide range of genes, including various tissue-restricted antigens (TRAs). Notably, recent advancements in the high-throughput single-cell analysis have revealed remarkable heterogeneity in mTECs, giving us important clues for dissecting the mechanisms underlying TRA expression. We overview how recent single-cell studies have furthered our understanding of mTECs, with a focus on the role of Aire in inducing mTEC heterogeneity to encompass TRAs.
Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Takeshi Oya, Koichi Tsuneyama and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Cooperative but Distinct Role of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells and Dendritic Cells in the Production of Regulatory T Cells in the Thymus., The Journal of Immunology, 2023.
(要約)
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are produced in the thymus to establish self-tolerance, and agonistic stimuli by self-Ags play a pivotal role in this process. Although two types of APCs, medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are responsible for presenting self-Ags together with costimulatory/cytokine signals, the distinct role of each APC in producing Tregs remains enigmatic. We have approached this issue by depleting the mTECs and DCs using mice expressing diphtheria toxin receptors driven by Aire and CD11c promoters, respectively. Depletion of mTECs showed an effect on Treg production quantitatively and qualitatively more profound than that of DCs followed by the development of distinct organ-specific autoimmune lesions in the hosts. Because self-Ags produced by mTECs are transferable to DCs through a process known as Ag transfer, we monitored the process of Ag transfer using mice expressing GFP from TECs. Although GFP expressed from total TECs was effectively transferred to DCs, GFP expressed from cortical TECs was not, suggesting that mTECs are the predominant source of self-Ags. We also found that GFP expressed not only from mature mTECs but also from immature mTECs was transferred to DCs, suggesting that a broad spectrum of molecules were subjected to Ag transfer during mTEC development. Interestingly, the numbers of recirculating non-Tregs producing IL-2, an important source for Treg expansion in the thymus, were reduced only in the mTEC-depleted mice. These results suggested the cooperative but distinct role of mTECs and DCs in the production of Tregs to avoid autoimmunity.
Minoru Matsumoto, Takuya Ohmura, Yuto Hanibuchi, Mayuko Shimizu, Yasuyo Saijo, Hirohisa Ogawa, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Junko Morimoto, Koichi Tsuneyama, Mitsuru Matsumoto and Takeshi Oya : AIRE illuminates the feature of medullary thymic epithelial cells in thymic carcinoma., Cancer Medicine, 2023.
(要約)
Despite the clear distinction between cortical (cTECs) and medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) in physiology, the cell of origin of thymic carcinomas (TCs) and other thymic epithelial tumors remained enigmatic. We addressed this issue by focusing on AIRE, an mTEC-specific transcriptional regulator that is required for immunological self-tolerance. We found that a large proportion of TCs expressed AIRE with typical nuclear dot morphology by immunohistochemistry. AIRE expression in TCs was supported by the RNA-seq data in the TCGA-THYM database. Furthermore, our bioinformatics approach to the recent single-cell RNA-seq data on human thymi has revealed that TCs hold molecular characteristics of multiple mTEC subpopulations. In contrast, TCs lacked the gene signatures for cTECs. We propose that TCs are tumors derived from mTECs.
Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Jun-Ichi Nagao, Ken-Ichi Arita-Morioka, Minoru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Yoshida Masaki, Takeshi Oya, Koichi Tsuneyama, Hedeyuki Yoshida, Yoshihiko Tanaka and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Dispensable Role of Aire in CD11c+ Conventional Dendritic Cells for Antigen Presentation and Shaping the Transcriptome., ImmunoHorizons, Vol.7, No.1, 140-158, 2023.
(要約)
Aire, the defect of which is responsible for the development of autoimmunity, is predominantly expressed in medullary thymic epithelial cells, and it controls a wide variety of genes, including those of tissue-restricted Ags, for establishing thymic tolerance. Aire is also expressed from APCs in the periphery, called extrathymic Aire-expressing cells (eTACs), and their complementing role to thymic tolerance has been suggested. eTACs are composed of two distinct classes of APCs, conventional dendritic cell (cDC)-type and group 3 innate lymphoid cell (ILC3)-like-type expressing retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt). Although the essential role of Aire in the latter in the Th17-mediated immune response against Candida albicans has been reported, the role of Aire in the cDC-type eTACs for this action has not been examined. Furthermore, the significance of Aire in the production of the transcriptome of the cDC-type eTACs remains unknown. We have approached these issues using a high-fidelity Aire-reporter mouse strain. We found that although the cDC-type eTACs dominated ILC3-like-type eTACs in number and they served as efficient APCs for the immune response against an exogenous Ag as well as for the C. albicans-specific Th17 immune response, loss of Aire in cDC-type eTACs showed no clear effect on these functions. Furthermore, loss of Aire showed no major impact on the transcriptome from cDC-type eTACs. These results suggested that Aire in cDC-type eTACs may not have a cell-intrinsic role in the immune response in contrast to the role of Aire in ILC3-like-type eTACs.
Satoshi Sumida, Mayuko Shimizu, Yuko Miyakami, Takumi Kakimoto, Tomoko Kobayashi, Yasuyo Saijo, Minoru Matsumoto, Hirohisa Ogawa, Takeshi Oya, Yoshimi Bando, Hisanori Uehara, Shu Taira, Mitsuo Shimada and Koichi Tsuneyama : Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of epithelial cells in epidermoid cysts in intrapancreatic accessory spleen., The Journal of Medical Investigation : JMI, Vol.70, No.1.2, 251-259, 2023.
(要約)
Novel histological features of epithelial cells of ECIPAS were indicated. Although more cases need to be evaluated, we propose that the cause of ECIPAS may be different from that of pancreatic ductal origin. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 251-259, February, 2023.
Hitoshi Nishijima, Mizuki Sugita, Natsuka Umezawa, Naoki Kimura, Hirokazu Sasaki, Hiroshi Kawano, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Minoru Matsumoto, Takeshi Oya, Koichi Tsuneyama, Junko Morimoto and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Development of organ-specific autoimmunity by dysregulated Aire expression., Immunology and Cell Biology, Vol.100, No.5, 371-377, 2022.
(要約)
Deficiency for AIRE/Aire in both humans and mice results in the development of organ-specific autoimmune disease. We tested whether augmented and/or dysregulated AIRE/Aire expression might be also prone to the breakdown of self-tolerance. To define the effect of augmented Aire expression on the development of autoimmunity, antigen-specific clonal deletion and production of clonotypic regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the thymus were examined using mice expressing two additional copies of Aire in a heterozygous state (3xAire-knockin mice: 3xAire-KI). We found that both clonal deletion of autoreactive T cells and production of clonotypic Tregs in the thymus from 3xAire-KI were impaired in a T-cell receptor-transgenic system. Furthermore, 3xAire-KI females showed higher scores of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein than wild-type littermates, suggesting that augmented Aire expression exacerbates organ-specific autoimmunity under disease-prone conditions. In humans, we found that one patient with amyopathic dermatomyositis showed CD3
Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Takeshi Oya, Koichi Tsuneyama and Mitsuru Matsumoto : No Major Impact of Two Homologous Proteins Ly6C1 and Ly6C2 on Immune Homeostasis., ImmunoHorizons, Vol.6, No.3, 202-210, 2022.
(要約)
Ly6C comprises two homologous components of Ly6C1 and Ly6C2, and the expression of either of the Ly6C molecules defines unique functional subsets of monocytes. Ly6C is also expressed by other immune cell types, including Aire-expressing medullary thymic epithelial cells. Because the role of Ly6C expression in determining the functional subsets remains unclear, we generated mice deficient for both Ly6C1 and Ly6C2 with CRISPR-Cas9mediated deletion. Mice deficient for Ly6C1/Ly6C2 showed no major alterations in the subsets and function of monocyte and other immune cells, including the cells involved in the dextran sulfate sodium saltinduced colitis model. By generating the mice deficient for Ly6C1 alone, we have also investigated the expression pattern of Ly6C1 and Ly6C2 in immune cells. Except for medullary thymic epithelial cells and CD4 single-positive T cells, immune cells predominantly expressed Ly6C2. Thus, despite the importance as a marker with a unique differential expression pattern, the Ly6C molecules have no major impact on determining the functional subsets and maintaining immune homeostasis.
Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Hideyuki Yoshida, Koichi Tsuneyama and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Aire suppresses CTLA-4 expression from the thymic stroma to control autoimmunity., Cell Reports, Vol.38, No.7, 110384, 2022.
(要約)
Impaired production of thymic regulatory T cells (Tregs) is implicated in the development of Aire-dependent autoimmunity. Because Tregs require agonistic T cell receptor stimuli by self-antigens to develop, reduced expression of self-antigens from medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) has been considered to play a major role in the reduced Treg production in Aire deficiency. Here, we show that mTECs abnormally express co-inhibitory receptor CTLA-4 if Aire is non-functional. Upon binding with CD80/CD86 ligands expressed on thymic dendritic cells (DCs), the ectopically expressed CTLA-4 from Aire-deficient mTECs removes the CD80/CD86 ligands from the DCs. This attenuates the ability of DCs to provide co-stimulatory signals and to present self-antigens transferred from mTECs, both of which are required for Treg production. Accordingly, impaired production of Tregs and organ-specific autoimmunity in Aire-deficient mice are rescued by the depletion of CTLA-4 expression from mTECs. Our studies illuminate the significance of mTEC-DC interaction coordinated by Aire for the establishment of thymic tolerance.
Hitoshi Nishijima, Minoru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Nobuko Akiyama, Taishin Akiyama, Takeshi Oya, Koichi Tsuneyama, Hideyuki Yoshida and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Aire Controls Heterogeneity of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells for the Expression of Self-Antigens., The Journal of Immunology, Vol.208, No.2, 303-320, 2022.
(要約)
The deficiency of Aire, a transcriptional regulator whose defect results in the development of autoimmunity, is associated with reduced expression of tissue-restricted self-Ags (TRAs) in medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs). Although the mechanisms underlying Aire-dependent expression of TRAs need to be explored, the physical identification of the target(s) of Aire has been hampered by the low and promiscuous expression of TRAs. We have tackled this issue by engineering mice with augmented Aire expression. Integration of the transcriptomic data from Aire-augmented and Aire-deficient mTECs revealed that a large proportion of so-called Aire-dependent genes, including those of TRAs, may not be direct transcriptional targets downstream of Aire. Rather, Aire induces TRA expression indirectly through controlling the heterogeneity of mTECs, as revealed by single-cell analyses. In contrast, Ccl25 emerged as a canonical target of Aire, and we verified this both in vitro and in vivo. Our approach has illuminated the Aire's primary targets while distinguishing them from the secondary targets.
Mayuko Shimizu, Yosuke Tsuchiyama, Yuki Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Tomoko Kobayashi, Satoshi Sumida, Takumi Kakimoto, Takeshi Oya, Hirohisa Ogawa, Michiko Yamashita, Satoru Matsuda, Katsuhisa Omagari, Shu Taira and Koichi Tsuneyama : A novel mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis suggests that liver fibrosis initiates around lipid-laden macrophages, The American Journal of Pathology, Vol.192, No.1, 31-42, 2022.
(要約)
Various cells, such as macrophages and hepatic stellate cells, interact in the generation of fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanism remains unclear. We employed a high-fat/cholesterol/cholate (HFCC) diet to generate a model of NASH-related fibrosis and investigate the pathogenesis of fibrosis. Two mouse strains differing in susceptibility to obesity, the susceptible strain C57BL/6J and the relatively resistant strain A/J, developed hepatic histologic features of NASH, including fat deposition, intralobular inflammation, hepatocyte ballooning, and fibrosis, after 9 weeks of HFCC diet feeding. The severity of hepatic inflammation and fibrosis was greater in A/J mice than in C57BL/6J mice. A/J mice fed the HFCC diet exhibited characteristic CD204-positive lipid-laden macrophage aggregation in hepatic parenchyma. Polarized light visualized the Maltese cross (namely, cholesterol crystals within the aggregated macrophages). Moreover, fibrosis developed in a ring shape from the periphery of the aggregated macrophages (ie, the starting point of fibrosis could be visualized histologically). Furthermore, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging analysis detected a molecule at m/z 772.462, which corresponds to the protonated ion of phosphatidylcholine [P-18:1 (11Z)/18:0] and phosphatidylethanolamine [18:0/20:2 (11Z, 14Z)], in aggregated macrophages adjacent to the fibrotic lesions. In conclusion, the present HFCC diet-fed A/J model provides an ideal tool to study fibrogenesis and enables novel insights into the pathophysiology of NASH-related fibrosis.
Mayuko Shimizu, Takeshi Kageyama, Takeshi Oya, Hirohisa Ogawa, Minoru Matsumoto, Satoshi Sumida, Takumi Kakimoto, Yuko Miyakami, Ryosuke Nagatomo, Koichi Inoue, Chunmei Cheng and Koichi Tsuneyama : Verification of the Impact of Blood Glucose Level on Liver Carcinogenesis and the Efficacy of a Dietary Intervention in a Spontaneous Metabolic Syndrome Model, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.22, No.23, 12844, 2021.
(要約)
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus, vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, and renal, liver, and heart diseases. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive representative liver disease and may lead to the irreversible calamities of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Metabolic disorders such as hyperglycemia have been broadly reported to be related to hepatocarcinogenesis in NASH; however, direct evidence of a link between hyperglycemia and carcinogenesis is still lacking. Tsumura Suzuki Obese Diabetic (TSOD) mice spontaneously develop metabolic syndrome, including obesity, insulin resistance, and NASH-like liver phenotype, and eventually develop hepatocellular carcinomas. TSOD mice provide a spontaneous human MS-like model, even with significant individual variations. In this study, we monitored mice in terms of their changes in blood glucose levels, body weights, and pancreatic and liver lesions over time. As a result, liver carcinogenesis was delayed in non-hyperglycemic TSOD mice compared to hyperglycemic mice. Moreover, at the termination point of 40 weeks, liver tumors appeared in 18 of 24 (75%) hyperglycemic TSOD mice; in contrast, they only appeared in 5 of 24 (20.8%) non-hyperglycemic mice. Next, we investigated three kinds of oligosaccharide that could lower blood glucose levels in hyperglycemic TSOD mice. We monitored the levels of blood and urinary glucose and assessed pancreatic lesions among the experimental groups. As expected, significantly lower levels of blood and urinary glucose and smaller deletions of Langerhans cells were found in TSOD mice fed with milk-derived oligosaccharides (galactooligosaccharides and lactosucrose). At the age of 24 weeks, mild steatohepatitis was found in the liver but there was no evidence of liver carcinogenesis. Steatosis in the liver was alleviated in the milk-derived oligosaccharide-administered group. Taken together, suppressing the increase in blood glucose level from a young age prevented susceptible individuals from diabetes and the onset of NAFLD/NASH, as well as carcinogenesis. Milk-derived oligosaccharides showed a lowering effect on blood glucose levels, which may be expected to prevent liver carcinogenesis.
Tomoko Kobayashi, Mayuko Shimizu, Takeshi Oya, Hirohisa Ogawa, Minoru Matsumoto, Yuki Morimoto, Satoshi Sumida, Takumi Kakimoto, Michiko Yamashita, Mitsuko Sutoh, Shunji Toyohara, Ryoji Hokao, Chunmei Cheng and Koichi Tsuneyama : Neonatal streptozotocin treatment rapidly causes different subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma without persistent hyperglycemia in 4CS mice fed on a normal diet., Pathology, Research and Practice, Vol.225, No.153559, 2021.
(要約)
Although diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the underlying mechanisms have not yet to be defined. We previously reported that DIAR mice fed with standard murine diet developed type 1 diabetes and HCC at age of 16 weeks old with a neonatal streptozotocin treatment (n-STZ). Because DIAR mice did not manifest obesity nor develop steatohepatitis, hyperglycemia with streptozotocin trigger or streptozotocin alone might turn on the hepato-carcinogenesis. An insulin-recruitment to DIAR-nSTZ mice showed an increased frequency of HCC during the first 12 weeks of age, although the diabetic indications notably improved. To elucidate the role of hyperglycemia in hepato-carcinogenesis, we performed a head-to-head comparative study by using 4CS mice and DIAR mice with n-STZ treatment. Newborn 4CS mice and DIAR mice were divided into STZ treated group and control group. The blood glucose levels of DIAR-nSTZ mice increased at age of eight weeks, while that of 4CS-nSTZ mice were maintained in the normal range. At eight weeks old, three out of five DIAR-nSTZ mice (60%) and one out of ten 4CS-nSTZ mice (10%) developed multiple liver tumors. At age of 12 weeks old, all eight of DIAR-nSTZ mice (100%) and two of 10 4CS-nSTZ mice (20%) developed multiple liver tumors. At 16 weeks old, all animals of DIAR-nSTZ and 4CS-nSTZ mice occurred liver tumors. DIAR-nSTZ showed hyperglycemia and HCC, and 4CS-nSTZ developed HCC without hyperglycemia. These results were interpreted that the onset of HCC maybe not related to the presence or absence of hyperglycemia but nSTZ treatment. On the other hand, since the carcinogenesis of 4CS-nSTZ is delayed compared to DIAR-nSTZ, hyperglycemia may play a role in the progression of carcinogenesis. Histologically, the liver tumor appeared irregularly trabecular arrangements of hepatocytes with various degrees of nuclear atypia. By immunohistochemical analyses, all liver tumors showed positive staining of glutamine synthetase (GS), an established human HCC marker. The expression pattern of GS was divided into a strong diffuse pattern and weak patchy pattern, respectively. The liver tumor showing the weak GS-patchy pattern expressed biliary/stem markers, EpCAM, and SALL4, partially. Because 4CS-nSTZ mice did not show any metabolic complications such as gaining body weight or high blood glucose level, it is a unique animal model with a simple condition to investigate hepatic carcinogenesis by excluding other factors.
Ferreirinha Pedro, Ribeiro Camila, Junko Morimoto, Landry J M Jonathan, Minoru Matsumoto, Meireles Catarina, White J Andrea, Izumi Ohigashi, Araújo Leonor, Benes Vladimir, Yousuke Takahama, Anderson Graham, Mitsuru Matsumoto and Alves L Nuno : A novel method to identify Post-Aire stages of medullary thymic epithelial cell differentiation, European Journal of Immunology, Vol.51, No.2, 311-318, 2021.
(要約)
Autoimmune regulator (Aire) medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) play a critical role in tolerance induction. Several studies demonstrated that Aire mTECs differentiate further into Post-Aire cells. Yet, the identification of terminal stages of mTEC maturation depends on unique fate-mapping mouse models. Herein, we resolve this limitation by segmenting the mTEC (MHCII CD80 ) compartment into mTEC (CD24 Sca1 ), mTEC (CD24 Sca1 ), and mTEC (CD24 Sca1 ). While mTEC included mostly Aire-expressing cells, mTEC contained Aire and Aire cells and mTEC were mainly composed of cells lacking Aire. The differential expression pattern of Aire led us to investigate the precursor-product relationship between these subsets. Strikingly, transcriptomic analysis of mTEC , mTEC , and mTEC sequentially mirrored the specific genetic program of Early-, Late- and Post-Aire mTECs. Corroborating their Post-Aire nature, mTEC downregulated the expression of tissue-restricted antigens, acquired traits of differentiated keratinocytes, and were absent in Aire-deficient mice. Collectively, our findings reveal a new and simple blueprint to survey late stages of mTEC differentiation.
Minoru Matsumoto, Koichi Tsuneyama, Junko Morimoto, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Mitsuru Matsumoto and Hitoshi Nishijima : Tissue-specific autoimmunity controlled by Aire in thymic and peripheral tolerance mechanisms., International Immunology, Vol.32, No.2, 117-131, 2020.
(要約)
Tissue-specific autoimmune diseases are assumed to arise through malfunction of two checkpoints for immune tolerance: defective elimination of autoreactive T cells in the thymus and activation of these T cells by corresponding autoantigens in the periphery. However, evidence for this model and the outcome of such alterations in each or both of the tolerance mechanisms have not been sufficiently investigated. We studied these issues by expressing human AIRE (huAIRE) as a modifier of tolerance function in NOD mice wherein the defects of thymic and peripheral tolerance together cause type I diabetes (T1D). Additive huAIRE expression in the thymic stroma had no major impact on the production of diabetogenic T cells in the thymus. In contrast, huAIRE expression in peripheral antigen-presenting cells (APCs) rendered the mice resistant to T1D, while maintaining other tissue-specific autoimmune responses and antibody production against an exogenous protein antigen, because of the loss of Xcr1+ dendritic cells, an essential component for activating diabetogenic T cells in the periphery. These results contrast with our recent demonstration that huAIRE expression in both the thymic stroma and peripheral APCs resulted in the paradoxical development of muscle-specific autoimmunity. Our results reveal that tissue-specific autoimmunity is differentially controlled by a combination of thymic function and peripheral tolerance, which can be manipulated by expression of huAIRE/Aire in each or both of the tolerance mechanisms.
Junko Morimoto, Yumiko Nishikawa, Takumi Kakimoto, Kohei Furutani, Naoki Kihara, Minoru Matsumoto, Koichi Tsuneyama, Yuko Kozono, Haruo Kozono, Katsuto Hozumi, Kazuyoshi Hosomichi, Hitoshi Nishijima and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Aire Controls in Trans the Production of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells Expressing Ly-6C/Ly-6G., The Journal of Immunology, Vol.201, No.11, 3244-3257, 2018.
(要約)
Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs), which express a wide range of tissue-restricted Ags (TRAs), contribute to the establishment of self-tolerance by eliminating autoreactive T cells and/or inducing regulatory T cells. Aire controls a diverse set of TRAs within Aire-expressing cells by employing various transcriptional pathways. As Aire has a profound effect on transcriptomes of mTECs, including TRAs not only at the single-cell but also the population level, we suspected that Aire (Aire+ mTECs) might control the cellular composition of the thymic microenvironment. In this study, we confirmed that this is indeed the case by identifying a novel mTEC subset expressing Ly-6 family protein whose production was defective in Aire-deficient thymi. Reaggregated thymic organ culture experiments demonstrated that Aire did not induce the expression of Ly-6C/Ly-6G molecules from mTECs as Aire-dependent TRAs in a cell-intrinsic manner. Instead, Aire+ mTECs functioned in trans to maintain Ly-6C/Ly-6G+ mTECs. Thus, Aire not only controls TRA expression transcriptionally within the cell but also controls the overall composition of mTECs in a cell-extrinsic manner, thereby regulating the transcriptome from mTECs on a global scale.
Yosuke Iwakawa, Masaaki Nishi, Yuuma Wada, Kouzou Yoshikawa, Chie Takasu, Mitsuo Shimada, Yasuyo Saijo, Minoru Matsumoto, Takeshi Oya and Hisanori Uehara : Pleomorphic type undifferentiated gastric sarcoma, report of a case., Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol.16, No.1, 20-25, 2023.
(要約)
Reports on pleomorphic type of undifferentiated sarcoma (PUS) originating from the gastrointestinal tract, especially the stomach, are extremely rare. We herein report a case of pleomorphic type undifferentiated gastric sarcoma. The patient was a 67-year-old woman. The chief complaint was upper abdominal pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, ultrasonography, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed two submucosal tumors at the greater curvature of the fundus and the lesser curvature of the gastric angle. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration revealed a c-kit-negative spindle cell tumor at the greater curvature of the fundus. Total gastrectomy, splenectomy, and partial resection of the diaphragm and liver were performed. One lesion had invaded the lateral segment of the liver, left diaphragm and spleen. The postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations of the resected specimen revealed PUS. Peritoneal dissemination was detected at 8 months after surgery. However, no effective therapeutic agents were adopted for chemotherapy. The patient had poor performance status due to disease progression and underwent best supportive care. The patient died 10 months after surgery. This case highlights the imaging, histological diagnosis, and treatment strategy for PUS originating from the stomach. Surgeons should be aware of PUS as a differential diagnosis in cases with submucosal tumor of the stomach.
Takumi Kakimoto, Mayuko Shimizu, Koichi Tsuneyama, Minoru Matsumoto, Takeshi Oya, Hosokawa Masato and Koichi Tsuneyama : Accumulation of α-synuclein in hepatocytes in NASH liver and usefulness in pathological diagnosis, Digestive Disease Week 2022, May 2022.
2.
Minoru Matsumoto, Mitsuru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto and Hitoshi Nishijima : Tissue-specific Autoimmunity Controlled by Aire, a Gene Responsible for APECED, The 3rd International Congress on Rare Diseases, Berlin, Germany, Mar. 2020.
3.
Minoru Matsumoto, Hitoshi Nishijima, Ryuichiro Miyazawa, Junko Morimoto, Koichi Tsuneyama and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Characterization of Aire-expressing DCs with high-sensitivity and high-fidelity Aire-reporter strain, The 48th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Immunology, Hamamatsu, Japan, Dec. 2019.
4.
Mayuko Shimizu, Hirohisa Ogawa, Minoru Matsumoto and Koichi Tsuneyama : Establishment of a novel dietary-induced mouse model showing steatohepatitis with severe fibrosis, UEG Week 2019, Barcelona, Oct. 2019.
5.
Mitsuru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Koichi Tsuneyama, Ryuichiro Miyazawa and Hitoshi Nishijima : Aire-dependent establishment of self-tolerance, The 17th International Congress of Immunology, Beijing, Oct. 2019.
6.
Minoru Matsumoto and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Tissue-specific autoimmunity controlled by Aire in thymic and peripheral tolerance mechanisms, The 18th Awaji International Forum on Infection and Immunity, Awaji, Japan, Sep. 2019.
7.
Mitsuru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Koichi Tsuneyama, Ryuichiro Miyazawa and Hitoshi Nishijima : Aire-dependent establishment of self-tolerance studied by genetically modified mice, EMBO Workshop ThymE, Israel, May 2019.
8.
Minoru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Mitsuru Matsumoto and Hitoshi Nishijima : Tissue-specific autoimmunity modified by Aire in thymic and peripheral tolerance, 5th International Congress on Controversies in Rheumatology and Autoimmunity (CORA), Italy, Mar. 2019.
9.
Mitsuru Matsumoto, Minoru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Koichi Tsuneyama and Hitoshi Nishijima : Tissue-specific autoimmunity manipulated by Aire in thymic and peripheral tolerance, Immunology of Diabetes Society Congress 2018, London, Oct. 2018.
10.
Mitsuru Matsumoto, Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto and Hitoshi Nishijima : Aire controls in trans the production of medullary thymic epithelial cells expressing Ly6C/Ly6G, 5th European Congress of Immunology 2018, Amsterdam, Sep. 2018.
Hitoshi Nishijima, Junko Morimoto, Minoru Matsumoto and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Transcriptomic analysis of medullary thymic epithelial cells with augmented Aire expression, 第47回日本免疫学会学術集会, Dec. 2018.
34.
Junko Morimoto, Hitoshi Nishijima, Minoru Matsumoto and Mitsuru Matsumoto : Analysis of the role of thymic APCs and Aire in the production of thymic Tregs, 第47回日本免疫学会学術集会, Dec. 2018.